老年腎病中醫(yī)藥研究文獻計量學(xué)與知識圖譜分析

呂茜倩 張沁蘭 潘秋平 張容

摘要：目的? 全面了解中醫(yī)藥用于老年人腎病相關(guān)研究工作的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與方向，為該領(lǐng)域臨床與后續(xù)研究提供借鑒參考。方法? 檢索1980年1月-2022年12月中國知網(wǎng)期刊文獻，將相關(guān)文獻導(dǎo)入NoteExpress與CiteSpace軟件，對發(fā)文年份、基金以及作者、研究機構(gòu)、關(guān)鍵詞等信息進行統(tǒng)計與可視化分析。結(jié)果? 納入文獻254篇，年份間研究熱度起伏較大，呈現(xiàn)波折中緩慢上升趨勢；其中有基金項目支持的文獻共32篇，占比12.99%；共涉及作者555位，主要學(xué)術(shù)合作群4個，機構(gòu)之間主要體現(xiàn)以地域和附屬關(guān)系為主的合作。研究共涉及437個關(guān)鍵詞，高頻詞（≥5次）12個，包括“腎陽虛”“腎氣虛”“虛勞”“便秘”等，具有研究意義的聚類共10個，多體現(xiàn)老年腎病證型、臨床治療，以及病證與西醫(yī)指標(biāo)相關(guān)性的研究；“臨床觀察”是長期研究熱點，近幾年突現(xiàn)詞有“中醫(yī)證候”“免疫功能”及“中醫(yī)辨證”等。結(jié)論? 老年人腎病中醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域研究缺乏延續(xù)性，近年不論作者或機構(gòu)合作都缺乏廣度與深度，后續(xù)應(yīng)當(dāng)多注重優(yōu)勢互補與學(xué)術(shù)合作。相關(guān)領(lǐng)域研究熱點集中在中醫(yī)證型、臨床治療、并發(fā)病證以及中西醫(yī)機理解析，目前更傾向于對相關(guān)中醫(yī)理、法、方、藥的回歸，尤其西醫(yī)機理與中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論的結(jié)合，也更深入探討老年人腎病及其并發(fā)癥，有利于促進相關(guān)研究領(lǐng)域完整體系的構(gòu)建。

關(guān)鍵詞：老年人；腎病；中醫(yī)藥；文獻學(xué)

中圖分類號：R277.5? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標(biāo)識碼：A? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2024.12.005

文章編號：1006-1959（2024）12-0023-07

Bibliometrics and Knowledge Map Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Research on Senile Nephropathy

Abstract：Objective? To comprehensively understand the development status and direction of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the research of senile nephropathy， and to provide reference for clinical and follow-up research in this field.Methods? The CNKI journal literature from January 1980 to December 2022 was retrieved， and the relevant literature was imported into NoteExpress and CiteSpace software. The publication year， fund， author， research institution， keywords and other information were statistically and visually analyzed.Results? ?A total of 254 related literatures were included. The research heat fluctuated greatly between years， showing a slow upward trend. Among them， there are 32 literatures supported by fund projects， accounting for 12.99%; involving 555 authors， 4 main academic cooperation groups， and cooperation between institutions mainly based on geographical and subsidiary relations. A total of 437 keywords were involved in the study， including 12 high-frequency words （≥5 times）， including "kidney yang deficiency" "kidney qi deficiency" "consumptive disease" "constipation"， etc. There were 10 clusters with research significance， which mostly reflected the syndrome types and clinical treatment of senile nephropathy， as well as the correlation between disease syndromes and western medicine indicators. "Clinical observation" had been a long-term research hotspot， with burst terms such as "traditional Chinese medicine syndrome" "immune function" and "traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation" in recent years.Conclusion? The research in the field of traditional Chinese medicine for senile nephropathy lacks continuity， and in recent years， there has been a lack of breadth and depth in both author and institutional cooperation. In the future， more attention should be paid to complementary advantages and academic cooperation. The research hotspots in related fields focus on traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types， clinical treatment， comorbidities， and mechanism analysis of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Currently， there is a greater tendency to return to the relevant principles， methods， formulas， and medicines of traditional Chinese medicine， especially the combination of Western medicine mechanisms and basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine. It also delves deeper into the exploration of elderly kidney disease and its complications， which is conducive to promoting the construction of a complete system in related research fields.

Key words：The elderly;Nephropathy;Traditional Chinese medicine;Philology

慢性非傳染性疾病是人類健康最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一。慢性腎病作為非傳染性疾病，是導(dǎo)致人類預(yù)期壽命減少的五大最常見原因之一。……