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關鍵詞:熱電偶;熱電效應;冷端補償;補償導線;電纜接線
中圖分類號:U661.75 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻標志碼:A
Analysis and Treatment for Abnormal Temperature
Measurement of Thermocouple
QIN Dengluo," LAI Li ," YAN Hexiang
( CSSC Huangpu Wenchong Shipbuilding Company Limited," Guangzhou 510715" China )
Abstract: The thermocouple is used in a ship to measure the exhaust temperature of the generator set. During the commissioning process of the generator set, the measurement equipment shows that the exhaust temperature of the generator set in the shutdown state changes in reverse with the temperature change of the auxiliary engine room. Based on this fault phenomenon, this article elaborates the fault troubleshooting, fault reproduction, principle analysis and handling solutions. The fault is handled and the handling results are verified. The reasons for the occurrence of the fault and measures to avoid similar faults are summarized.
Key words: thermocouple; thermoelectric effect; cold-junction compensation; compensating wire; cable wiring
1" " 引言
熱電偶是利用熱電效應原理進行測溫的傳感器,具有溫度范圍廣、成本低、結構簡單、容易安裝、響應快、適宜遠距離測量和自動控制的優點,成為接觸式溫度測量的主力,應用十分廣泛[1]。相比于其他溫度傳感器,熱電偶的優點是測量范圍廣、構造簡單、使用方便,缺點是精度低、信號調理復雜、易受腐蝕、抗噪性差、需要冷端補償。熱電偶直接測量溫度,將溫度信號轉換成熱電勢信號,再轉換成被測介質的溫度信號。由于熱電偶的熱電勢信號微弱,容易受到干擾而產生測量誤差,應安裝在遠離強磁場環境的位置。因此,熱電偶適用于測量精度要求不高、測量范圍廣、弱磁場和弱噪聲環境、遠距離測溫的場景。某船采用熱電偶測量燃氣輪機發電機組的排氣溫度,在發電機組調試過程中,發現溫度測量設備顯示的處于停機狀態的發電機組排氣溫度值隨輔機艙溫度變化而反向變化的異常現象。經故障排查、故障復現、原理分析,找到了故障原因,確定處理方案,對故障進行了處理并驗證了處理結果,解決了問題。……