



摘 要:將尾菜、秸稈、廄肥以及生物菌劑按照一定比例發(fā)酵腐熟成尾菜生物有機(jī)肥,能夠有效緩解尾菜浪費(fèi)和尾菜不當(dāng)處理所導(dǎo)致的環(huán)境污染等問題。因此,本文開展了尾菜生物肥與其他生物有機(jī)肥對芹菜生長的影響研究。結(jié)果表明,與其他有機(jī)肥處理相比,尾菜生物肥處理可以使芹菜增產(chǎn)11.1%,生長特性明顯改善,硝酸鹽含量顯著降低,粗纖維含量提高;同時(shí)提高了土壤中氮磷鉀的有效性,有效改良了土壤理化性狀,推進(jìn)了尾菜生物肥在作物田間的高效應(yīng)用。
關(guān)鍵詞:尾菜生物有機(jī)肥;品質(zhì);土壤理化性狀;芹菜
中圖分類號(hào):S144.1 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):1008-1038(2024)06-0059-04
DOI:10.19590/j.cnki.1008-1038.2024.06.012
Study on the Effect of Tail Vegetable Bio-organic Fertilizer
on Celery Growth
WANG Jiaomin1, HE Wanchun1, ZHANG Haijie1, LV Hailong1, AN De2, DING Xiaodong3, CHENG Yonglong1*
(1. Dingxi Agricultural Science Research Institute, Dingxi 743000, China; 2. Gansu Jinwufeng Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd, Dingxi 743000, China; 3. Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)
Abstract: Fermenting and maturing tail vegetables, straw, manure, and biological agents in a certain proportion to form tail vegetable bio-organic fertilizer can effectively alleviate problems such as waste of tail vegetables and serious environmental pollution caused by improper handling of tail vegetables. In view of this, a study was conducted on the effects of tail vegetable bio-organic fertilizer and other bio-organic fertilizers on the growth of celery. The results showed that compared with other organic fertilizer treatments, the tail vegetable bio-organic fertilizer treatment increased celery yield by 11.1%, significantly improved celery growth characteristics, significantly reduced nitrate content. And it increased crude fiber content, improved the effectiveness of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in soil, effectively improved soil physicochemical properties, and promoted the efficient application of tail vegetable bio fertilizer in crop fields.
Keywords: Vegetable bio-organic fertilizer; quality; soil physical and chemical properties; celery
尾菜是指蔬菜在生產(chǎn)、采收、運(yùn)輸、加工和銷售過程中為提高其商品性而剝離的傷、病、殘葉等[1],其產(chǎn)生量占蔬菜產(chǎn)量的30%以上[2]。據(jù)報(bào)道,2021年甘肅省蔬菜種植面積42.45萬hm2,產(chǎn)量約1 614.58萬t,產(chǎn)生尾菜542.5萬t[3]。這些尾菜主要堆放在田間地頭、農(nóng)貿(mào)市場和蔬菜冷藏庫區(qū),極少用于飼喂牲畜,絕大部分任其腐爛,大量的資源被浪費(fèi),而且在腐爛變質(zhì)過程中產(chǎn)生惡臭,招引蚊蟲鼠蟻,嚴(yán)重污染環(huán)境并導(dǎo)致大量病菌傳播,已成為阻礙蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、污染農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)及農(nóng)村和城市生態(tài)環(huán)境的一大“公害”[4]。隨著肥料業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,一些學(xué)者將蔬菜廢棄物進(jìn)行肥料化處理變廢為寶,通過添加功能微生物產(chǎn)生的酶來將蔬菜廢棄物降解,使其發(fā)酵成穩(wěn)定腐殖質(zhì)的過程,繼而實(shí)現(xiàn)蔬菜廢棄物的減量化、腐殖化和無害化[5]生產(chǎn)。在肥料化處理的過程中,蔬菜廢棄物不但可以生成富含氮、磷、鉀的有機(jī)肥[6],并且這些礦質(zhì)元素會(huì)被迅速活化為速效態(tài),易被農(nóng)作物吸收利用,繼而提升土壤肥效[7]。……