








摘" 要:常規距離變化分析算法單向判定點云脫離地表TIN表面距離,受點云掃描位置、TIN構造算法、點云密度等影響較大,容易造成誤判或失真。該文基于常規點云形變分析方法提出雙向距離變異形變分析法,改進單向判定點云脫離地表TIN表面距離容易造成誤判或失真的弊端,能夠從原始數據和當期數據2方面進行距離變化分析,確保形變計算的準確性。提出的體積形變分析法從原始TIN和當期TIN地表體積變化入手更能夠準確、直觀反映地表形變,對地表形變細微變化效果尤為明顯。
關鍵詞:形變分析;三維點云;距離變異;激光掃描;地表形變
中圖分類號:P208" " " " 文獻標志碼:A" " " " " 文章編號:2095-2945(2023)28-0157-04
Abstract: The conventional distance change analysis algorithm determines the distance of the point cloud from the surface TIN surface one-way, which is greatly affected by the point cloud scanning position, TIN construction algorithm, point cloud density and so on, is prone to cause misjudgment or distortion. In this paper, based on the conventional point cloud deformation analysis method, a two-way distance variation deformation analysis method is proposed, which improves the malpractice that one-way determination of the distance between the point cloud from the surface TIN surface is prone to cause misjudgment or distortion. The distance change analysis can be carried out from both the original data and the current data to ensure the accuracy of deformation calculation. The proposed volume deformation analysis method can reflect the surface deformation more accurately and intuitively from the original TIN and the current TIN surface volume changes, especially for the subtle changes of surface deformation.
Keywords: deformation analysis; 3D point cloud; distance variation; laser scanning; surface deformation
地表形變分析利用專用儀器和方法對地表變化進行監視,并通過變形現象獲得科學認識、檢驗理論和假設。常規地表形變測量采用GPS、全站儀、水準儀和測量機器人等,可以測量到比較精確的點位位移。但對范圍較大的地表整體變形,比如整個區域的沉降、位移、斷裂等缺乏整體監測與分析方法。三維激光掃描儀應用在地表變形監測中的主要問題是單點定位精度不高,但此類問題可用數據擬合的方法來彌補。常規檢測大范圍地表形變主要依賴站式掃描儀、機載雷達等獲取地表不同三維形態數據,然后采用圖像、點云處理等技術對觀測數據進行分析,得到地表形變情況。上述方法獲得的點云數據密度較高,但形變量的提取受點云位置難以一致的困擾,變化分析困難,檢測結果難以反映地表形變真實情況,難以大范圍應用,監測成果往往是局部的。……