












摘" 要:當前主流動力電池為鋰離子電池,其中又以磷酸鐵鋰電池和三元鋰電池占據主導地位,其使用的液態電解質的主流溶劑為EC、PC、DMC、DEC和EMC,溶質為LiPF6,添加劑為LiFSI、LiDFOP、LiODFB、LiBOB、LiPO2F2和TMSP。目前新研發出LiFSI作為LiPF6的替代,其熱穩定性、電導率、能量密度要優于LiPF6,具有較好的應用前景。為對標日本和韓國企業保持高位的專利申請量,中國各家頭部企業隨著市場份額的逐漸提升也實現較高的專利申請量,用以支撐全球70%的市場份額。該文指出鋰電池電解液領域的技術現狀,可作為汽車企業一般技術人員對鋰電池電解液技術現狀及發展趨勢的基礎認知參考。
關鍵詞:鋰電池;電解液;技術現狀;專利分析;添加劑
中圖分類號:TM912" " " 文獻標志碼:A" " " " " 文章編號:2095-2945(2023)28-0001-05
Abstract: At present, the mainstream power battery is lithium-ion battery, in which lithium iron phosphate battery and ternary lithium battery occupy the dominant position. the mainstream solvents of liquid electrolyte are EC, PC, DMC, DEC, EMC, solute is LiPF6, and additives are LiFSI, LiDFOP, LiODFB, LiBOB, LiPO2F2 and TMSP. At present, LiFSI is newly developed as a substitute for LiPF6, and its thermal stability, electrical conductivity and energy density are better than LiPF6, so it has a good application prospect. In order to maintain a high number of patent applications by Japanese and South Korean companies, China's leading companies have also achieved a higher number of patent applications with the gradual increase in market share, in order to support 70% of the global market share. This paper reports the technical status in the field of lithium battery electrolyte, which can be used as a basic cognitive reference for general technicians in automobile enterprises to understand the current situation and development trend of lithium battery electrolyte technology.
Keywords: lithium battery; electrolyte; technical status; patent analysis; additive
21世紀是信息、能源、材料的時代,是科技發展的必由之路。在碳中和的背景下,如何更高效地獲取、利用、存儲能源,是解決能源短缺和環境污染的關鍵,由此,國家頒布了一系列促進新能源產業發展的政策,全方位促進電池產業的發展進步。隨著新能源汽車產業的爆發式發展,動力電池、尤其是鋰電池產業也隨之蓬勃發展,從而帶動了上游電解液產業的快速發展。
2000年前后,國內大批電解液企業成立,其中就包括天賜材料、新宙邦、江蘇國泰等知名電解液公司,電解液國產化進程逐步加快[1]。2009年,中國正式提出“十城千輛”政策,顯著加速了新能源汽車的示范應用,進而促進了鋰電池產業鏈的蓬勃發展。而隨著比亞迪、寧德時代等鋰電池生產商的崛起以及下游新能源整車制造市場的繁榮,中國新能源汽車行業逐步擺脫了早期由政府補貼為主的政策驅動階段,轉而進入了市場化的商業階段,迎來了黃金發展時期,鋰電池電解液行業也隨之發展壯大[2]。……