中國穩步邁向更高階段

文/Yaismel Megret（古巴） 譯/史聰一

不久前，中國的全國人民代表大會和中國人民政治協商會議（以下簡稱兩會）勝利閉幕。通過對兩會精神的學習，我能夠繼續了解中國的戰略重心，以及中國特色社會主義制度的優越性。

在我看來，兩會的看點主要聚焦在以下三個方面：大會的開幕式、《政府工作報告》和2023年中國經濟的預期增長目標。由于新冠疫情對生產服務活動的影響以及受到國際局勢的影響。設定規劃，并在戰略中遵循以最終實現最初擬定的目標。2022年國內生產總值（GDP）增長率下滑，中國政府提出了全新的經濟增長計劃。

正如國務院總理李克強在《政府工作報告》中所陳述的那樣：為保持經濟增長的穩定性，應將重心放在刺激國內或消費者需求上，通過鼓勵更多民間資本參與投資以及改革來推動構建新發展格局，因此，近期關于增加供給和擴大需求的改革在圍繞新的穩定措施實現可持續發展。

在中國工作的這些年里，我有幸見證了數字化技術的不斷發展，以及該技術在政府持續推進工業體系現代化過程中所起到的作用。正如李克強總理所提到的那樣：中國將出臺完善相關條例來吸引外商投資達成新的區域貿易協定，為各國企業家們在華發展提供更多商機。

The study of the just-concluded National People’s Congress (NPC) and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) (from now on referred to as the “Two Sessions”) has allowed me to continue to understand the nation’s work strategies and strength of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.

From my poi nt of view: t he open i ng of the session,with a government report and the announcement of an economic expansion by 2023.The new financial growth schemes were proposed to raise the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth that decreased during the past year (2022),mainly due to the impact of Covid-19 on productive activity and services and the effects of international pressure.Mark a directive in the strategy to follow to fulfill the proposed objectives.

As Premier Li Keqiang reported,to work for the sake of stability in economic growth,the focus will be on stimulating domestic or consumer demand and promoting new structures by encouraging private investment.Hence,recent reforms to strengthen supply and boost demand,aims to have sustainable development around new stability measures.

During the years that I have been working in the country,I have demonstrated the growth in digital technologies and the work of the government in the continuous modernization of the industrial system.Moreover,as Premier Li mentioned: there is a detailed plan to attract more foreign investment,close new trade agreements at the regional level,and expand business opportunities to entrepreneurs around the world.

百泰生物藥業有限公司中國分公司的中國共產黨黨員和古巴共產黨黨員參觀中共第一黨支部紀念館

我來自古巴，那里也奉行社會主義制度。在過去的60多年里，古巴政府同中國政府建立了友好的外交關系。古巴政府也致力于不斷增進本國人民的福祉。在此次兩會期間，我通過分析得出一種觀點，這種觀點令我深感欣慰：正是因為中古兩國間的密切關系，我們才有機會能夠近距離觀察到中國政府對其公民的承諾——為人民提供更好的生活條件，包括出臺政策鼓勵生育，優化公共醫療衛生服務。

自中華人民共和國成立以來，初期在毛澤東主席的堅強領導下，徹底消除貧困一直是中國最珍視的目標之一。為了實現這一宏偉的目標，一代代中國人民斗志昂揚，并將所有心血傾注其中。在今年兩會期間即新中國成立74年后，李克強總理莊嚴宣告：“我們如期打贏脫貧攻堅戰，鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果。”這不僅標志著自1949年10月1日中華人民共和國成立以來，中國共產黨圓滿地完成了第一代領導人在天安門城樓上許下的莊重承諾，還宣告著中國實現了從“站起來” “富起來”到“強起來”的偉大飛躍。

I come from the Cuban socialist nation,where the government has maintained friendly and diplomatic relations with the Chinese country for more than 60 years.The Cuban government works for the continuous increase of the welfare of the people.One of the points analyzed during the sessions,which fills me with satisfaction: because of the close relationship that unites our nations,is to see the commitment of the Chinese government to provide better living conditions for its citizens: birth incentive actions,plans to optimize health services.

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,under the determined leadership of Mao Zedong,one of the most cherished goals has been eradicating poverty.To the achievement of this ambitious purpose,they have devoted all their energies.During the framework of the sessions,74 years after that grand event,Premier Li Keqiang solemnly declared before the legislators the“successful culmination” of the last stretch of the objective set by the Communist Party of China of the self-imposed task on October 1,1949,in Tiananmen Square.

在報告中，李克強總理強調：為如期打贏脫貧攻堅戰，政府已深入實施產業、就業、生態、教育、健康、社會保障等幫扶，提高了人民特別是貧困地區人民的生活質量，并解決了中國的絕對貧困問題。

能夠實現這一壯舉，需要付出艱苦卓絕的努力，也再次體現了中國政府對中國人民的承諾。通過與集中性科學規劃相結合，國務院扶貧開發領導小組辦公室能夠對信息進行匯總，同時確定重點貧困家庭（特困家庭），對其優先關注并對其狀況進行實時監測，以避免該群體因政策力度不到位而出現“返貧”現象。值得注意的是，在黨中央的嚴格監督下，中國的政府官員與共產黨員干部均積極參與脫貧攻堅的戰斗，他們正直忠誠且愛崗敬業，這鞭策著他們為實現心中的理想而奮斗，甚至寧愿前往中國最艱苦貧瘠的地方。

在本次人民代表大會的閉幕式上，中國國家主席習近平強調，在新一屆任期內，他將忠實履行憲法賦予的職責，以國家需要為使命并以人民利益為準繩，恪盡職守，竭誠奉獻。

同時，習主席強調積極發展全過程人民民主，堅持黨的領導與依法治國相統一。在國家實施發展戰略、謀求偉大復興，建設社會主義現代化強國的進程中，應以增進民生福祉作為優先項。此外，習主席呼吁鞏固和加強各族人民大團結、海內外中華兒女大團結，以調動一切有利因素，匯聚成建設社會主義現代化強國并推動中華民族偉大復興的磅礴力量。

習主席強調，要堅持貫徹以人民為中心的發展思想，讓現代化建設成果更多更公平惠及全體人民，在推進全體人民共同富裕上不斷取得更為明顯的實質性進展。

總而言之，在我看來，兩會既是中國對過去幾年中所取得顯著成就的總結，也是中國穩步邁向更高階段的全新起點，更是中國在國家層面明確的行動指南。我期待著，在兩會精神的引領下，中國人民在不久的未來可以取得更大的成就。

In the “battle of assault of strongholds in the elimination of poverty,” thus characterized by Li himself,the government prioritized the investment of funds in the fields of industrial,labor,ecological,educational,health,social security,etc.,which has resulted in an increase in the quality of life of the people (with particular emphasis on the inhabitants of rural areas) and the consequent eradication of absolute poverty in the term set.

This feat,which requires hard work and demon st rates once again the government’s commitment to the people,with a good combination of centralized scientific planning,the centralization of information in the Office of the Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development of the State Council that allowed to identify essential households,vulnerable and prioritize their attention,as well as monitor their evolution,to avoid an undesirable“relapse” in the situation of vulnerability.It is worth noting the active participation of government officials and CPC cadres whose integrity and commitment prompted them to move to the most inhospitable places in China to realize the desired dream under the strict supervision of the CPC Central Committee.

President Xi Jinping,speaking at the NA’s closing,affirmed that he would fulfill the Constitution’s responsibilities,the nation’s needs,and the people’s interests in his new presidential administration.

He also urged further progress in people’s democracy and upheld the unity of the leadership of the Communist Party of China and law-based governance.And he emphasized the priority given to the welfare of the people as the country implements its development plans,seeks to revitalize itself,and becomes a modern socialist state by mid-century.He called for strengthening and expanding unity among the country’s inhabitants,their ethnic groups,and the diaspora to mobilize all favorable factors,and we will form a powerful force that will facilitate the construction of a great modern socialist country and the advancement of national revitalization.

He considered it vital to adopt a people-centered development philosophy so that the achievements of modernization fairly benefit each person and there are more remarkable and substantive results in promoting shared prosperity.

All in all,I regard the Two Sessions as a summary of remarkable achievements made in the past years,a new opening of another higher step that China will steadily head to,and a clear direction of guidance from the state level.I am looking forward to the immeasurable achievements that Chinese people could make in the near future with the spirits of the Two Sessions.