常凱威 邵嘯 楊韜 余杰 余江



為探究硫鐵礦區廢渣堆對周邊農田造成的影響,系統采集了川南某硫鐵礦廢渣堆及周邊農用地土壤樣品共61件,測定其重金屬(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As、Hg)的含量,分析8種重金屬污染水平及空間分布特征,利用相關性和主成分分析對重金屬進行源解析,并借助綜合生態風險指數、地累積指數等方法評估土壤污染風險水平. 結果顯示,研究區土壤中Cr、Cu和Cd含量超過國家相應標準,且Cr、Cd、Pb和As的含量明顯高于土壤背景值,分別為背景值的1.56、1.40、1.45、2.89倍;Ni、Cu和Zn含量的空間分布相對均勻,而其它5種重金屬的空間分布相對集中;礦區周邊農田土壤整體處于中等生態風險水平(150 硫鐵礦; 廢渣堆; 重金屬; 主成分分析法; 來源分析 X53A2023.036002 收稿日期: 2022-09-10 基金項目: 國家重點研發計劃項目(2018YFC1802605);四川省科技重點攻關項目(2022YFQ0081);四川大學-宜賓市校市戰略合作專項(2019CDYB-26,2020CDYB-9) 作者簡介: 常凱威(1997-), 男, 河南漯河人, 碩士研究生, 主要研究方向為土壤及地下水污染修復. E-mail: 1206096127@qq.com 通信作者: 余江. E-mail: yuj@scu.edu.cn Evaluation and source analysis of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil around a pyrite slag heap in Southern Sichuan Province CHANG Kai-Wei1, SHAO Xiao2, YANG Tao1, YU Jie1,? YU Jiang1,3 (1.Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; 2. School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Perth 6907, Australia; 3.Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China) To explore the impact of pyrite slag heap on surrounding farmland, 61 soil samples were systematically collected from a pyrite slag heap and surrounding agricultural land in Southern Sichuan Province, and the contents of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Hg) were determined, and the pollution levels and characteristics of the spatial distribution of eight heavy metals were analyzed. The sources of heavy metals were identified by correlation and principal component analysis, and the risk level of soil pollution was evaluated by a comprehensive ecological risk index and geo-accumulation index. In the soil, the results showed that the contents of Cr, Cu and Cd of the study area exceeded the corresponding national standards, and the contents of Cr, Cd, Pb, and As were significantly higher than the background values, which were 1.56, 1.40, 1.45 and 2.89 times of the background values, respectively. The spatial distribution of Ni, Cu and Zn content was relatively uniform, while the spatial distribution of the other five heavy metals was relatively concentrated. The farmland soil around the mining area was at a medium ecological risk level (150 Pyrite; Waste dump; Heavy metals; Principal component analysis; Source analysis 1 引 言隨著工業化和城市化的發展,我國土壤重金屬污染問題愈發突出[1,2]. 礦山開采等活動是土壤重金屬污染的一大主要原因[3,4],且礦山開發過程中產生的大量礦渣長期無序堆放,占用了大量的土地資源[5,6],而礦渣中又存在多種重金屬元素,極易通過風化、雨淋、地表徑流等方式進入到土壤和地下水中[7,8],長此以往會造成附近土地質量退化,對周邊居民的生命健康造成嚴重威脅[9]. 為此,針對礦區周邊土壤重金屬污染特征的研究近……