朱廣春

今天,我們一同走進文學歷史的長廊,探尋一位在文字間留下不朽印記的女性作家——簡·奧斯汀。她不僅是英國文學的明珠,更是18 世紀末女性在文學領域中的一股清流。她的作品不僅有那個時代的人情世故,更有愛、理性和社交的智慧。讓我們一同揭開那個時代的面紗,感受她獨特的魅力。
Jane Austen is an English novelist. She was born inSteventon, England, 1775, the daughter of a clergyman. Austenwas famous for her 1)humorous words and clever ideas. In hertime, women were not thought to be capable of writing and muchof her work on her novels was done in secret. Austen managedto keep her writing secret from her father and other detractors byusing a 2)pseudonym. But for whatever reason, she never used aman s name, and instead, simply published her incredible storiesunder the pen name “A Lady”.
Jane Austen passed away in 1817. For over 200 years, shehas been still thought of as a trailblazer for female authors and hernovels have 3)remained some of the most famous and belovedbooks of all time.
Jane Austen is considered to be the first person who gave thenovel its distinctly modern character. She was the first author totalk about ordinary people and everyday life in the books.She published four novels during her lifetime: Sense andSensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), MansfieldPark (1814), and Emma (1815). In these and in Persuasion(published posthumously, 1817) and Northanger Abbey(published posthumously, 1817), she vividlydepicted English middle-class life during the early?19th century. Through the love stories of the works, Jane Austenexpressed a 4)rational view of marriage: Without love, it is wrongto marry for the sake of status and money. Marriage without a 5)reasonable economic basis is folly. Love and wealth have muchto do with happiness. Jane Austen emphasized that in a happymarriage, both parties should understand and respect each other,which also reflected womens pursuit of equality and independencein the society at that time.
Besides, in Persuasion, Austen writes, “I hate to hear youtalk about all women as if they were fine ladies instead of rationalcreatures. None of us want to be in calm waters all our lives.” InNorthanger Abbey, Austen also writes, “If I could not be persuadedinto doing what I thought wrong, I will never be tricked into it.” It sclear that Austen wished to experience excitement and intelligencein her life that could not be found in the traditional ways ofthe time.
On September 8-17 of each year in Bath, England, thereis a special festival. People dress up in beautiful clothesand have concerts and balls. They are celebrating theJane Austen Festival.
On July 18, 2017, shortly before the 200th?anniversary of Austen s death, the Bank of England issued a newversion of the 10-pound banknote, featuring a portrait of Austen.Below her portrait is printed her favorite quote: “I declare after allthere is no enjoyment like reading!”
Austen was a woman who “braved the winds and waves” for all of her 42 years.
And when did I begin to cultivate an endless love for Austen? To quote Mr. Darcy from Pride and Prejudice:
I cannot fix on the hour, or the spot, or the look, or the words,which laid the foundation. It is too long ago. I was in the middlebefore I knew that I had begun.
1) humorous adj. 幽默的
2) pseudonym n. 筆名;化名
3) remain v. 保持不變
4) rational adj. 理智的
5) reasonable adj. 不錯的;合理的
簡·奧斯汀是一位英國小說家。她于1775 年出生在英國的斯蒂文頓,是一位牧師的女兒。奧斯汀的小說以幽默的文字和巧妙的構思聞名于世。在她那個時代,人們認為女性不具備寫作能力,因此她的許多小說作品都是秘密完成的。奧斯汀設法用筆名對她父親和其他詆毀者隱瞞了她的寫作秘密。但無論出于什么原因,她從不用男人的名字,而只用筆名“一位女士”發表她那不可思議的故事。
簡·奧斯汀于1817 年去世。200 多年來,她一直被認為是女性作家的先驅,她的小說也一直屬于有史以來最著名和最受人喜愛的書籍之列。
簡·奧斯汀被認為是賦予小說鮮明現代特征的第一人。她是第一位在書中談論普通人和日常生活的作家。她一生出版了四部小說:《理智與情感》(1811)、《傲慢與偏見》(1813)、《曼斯菲爾德莊園》(1814)和《愛瑪》(1815)。在這些書以及《勸導》(1817 年,去世后出版)和《諾桑覺寺》(1817 年,去世后出版)中,她生動地描繪了19 世紀初英國中產階級的生活。通過作品中的愛情故事,簡·奧斯汀表達了一種理性的婚姻觀:沒有愛情,為了地位和金錢而結婚是錯誤的。沒有一定經濟基礎的婚姻是愚蠢的。愛情和財富與幸福有很大關系。簡·奧斯汀強調,在幸福的婚姻中,雙方應該相互理解與尊重,這也反映了當時社會中女性對平等和獨立的追求。
此外,在《勸導》中,奧斯汀寫道:“我討厭你把所有的女性都視為溫柔嫻靜的淑女,而不是有思想、有理智的人。我們沒人愿意一輩子活在風平浪靜之中?!痹凇吨Z桑覺寺》中,奧斯汀還寫道:“如果我不能被說服去做我認為錯誤的事情,我將永遠不會被欺騙?!焙苊黠@,奧斯汀希望在她的生活中能感受到當時傳統的生活方式無法帶給她的激動和智慧。
每年的9 月8 日至17 日,在英國的巴斯市,有一個特殊的節日。人們穿著漂亮的衣服,舉行音樂會和舞會。他們在慶祝簡·奧斯汀節。
2017 年7 月18 日,在奧斯汀逝世200 周年前夕,英格蘭銀行發行了新版10 英鎊紙幣,上面印有奧斯汀的肖像。在她的肖像下面印著她最喜歡的一句話:“我要說,還真沒有比閱讀更讓人享受的事了!”
奧斯汀在她42 年的人生歲月里,一直都是一位“乘風破浪”的女性。
至于我是什么時候開始這樣深沉地愛上奧斯汀的呢?這個問題,我要引用《傲慢與偏見》中達西的話來回答:
我不能確定是從何時、何地開始愛上你的,或是你的風姿或是你的哪些話埋下的種子。那是太久以前的事情了。等我意識到的時候,我早已深陷其中,無法自拔了。