西雅圖大學(xué)圣·依納爵教堂

業(yè)主單位：西雅圖大學(xué)

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：斯蒂文·霍爾建筑師事務(wù)所；Tim Bade（項(xiàng)目建筑師）；Janet Cross,Jan Kinsbergen,Justin Korhammer,Audra Tuskes（項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)）

當(dāng)?shù)亟ㄖ煟簥W爾森·桑德博格建筑師事務(wù)所

結(jié)構(gòu)工程：蒙特·克拉克工程公司；Datum 工程公司

電氣工程：Abacus 工程系統(tǒng)

照明顧問(wèn)：L'Observatoire International

音響顧問(wèn)：Peter George and Associates

總承建商：Baugh 建筑施工公司

藝術(shù)指導(dǎo)：Linda Beaumont;Dora Nikolova Bittau

建筑面積：567 平方米

攝影師：Paul Warchol

Client: Seattle University

Architects: Steven Holl Architects (design architect);Tim Bade (project architect);Janet Cross,Jan Kinsbergen,Justin Korhammer,Audra Tuskes (project team)

Local architect: Olson Sundberg Architects

Structural engineer: Monte Clark Engineering;Datum Engineering

Electrical engineer: Abacus Engineered Systems

Lighting consultant: L'Observatoire International

Acoustical consultant: Peter George and Associates

General contractor: Baugh Construction

Artists: Linda Beaumont;Dora Nikolova Bittau

Building area: 6100sf/ 567sm

Photography: Paul Warchol

在耶穌會(huì)的“精神練習(xí)”中，沒(méi)有規(guī)定單一的方法——“不同的方法幫助不同的人……”在這里，不同之處的統(tǒng)一合為一體。燈光由屋頂上出現(xiàn)的許多不同的體量雕刻而成。每一種不規(guī)律都針對(duì)不同質(zhì)量的光。朝東、朝南、朝西、朝北的光都聚集在一起舉行一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的儀式。

每一個(gè)光體都對(duì)應(yīng)著耶穌會(huì)天主教崇拜計(jì)劃的一部分。朝南的光線(xiàn)對(duì)應(yīng)著隊(duì)伍，這是群眾的基本組成部分。面向城市的北光體對(duì)應(yīng)著圣禮拜堂和向社區(qū)延伸的使命。主禮拜空間有一個(gè)東西光線(xiàn)的體量。不同光的概念在純彩色鏡頭和每個(gè)光體中反射的色彩的辯證結(jié)合中得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。每個(gè)“光瓶”的大窗戶(hù)對(duì)面都有一個(gè)擋板。每個(gè)擋板背面都涂上了鮮艷的顏色；從教堂內(nèi)部只能看到反射的顏色。當(dāng)云經(jīng)過(guò)遮擋太陽(yáng)時(shí)，這種彩色的光就會(huì)發(fā)出生命的脈沖。每個(gè)瓶子都將反射的顏色與一個(gè)彩色透鏡的互補(bǔ)色相結(jié)合。夜晚，是大學(xué)禮拜堂舉行彌撒的時(shí)間，明亮的燈體像彩色的燈塔一樣向四面八方照耀著整個(gè)校園。有時(shí)，對(duì)那些警惕祈禱的人來(lái)說(shuō)，光會(huì)照亮整個(gè)夜晚。先盯著一個(gè)藍(lán)色矩形，再盯著一個(gè)白色表面，就可以體驗(yàn)到互補(bǔ)色的視覺(jué)現(xiàn)象。你會(huì)看到一個(gè)黃色的矩形；這有助于在教堂中概念和現(xiàn)象的雙重融合。

In the Jesuits "spiritual exercises",no single method is prescribed -"different methods helped different people...".Here a unity of differences is gathered into one.The light is sculpted by a number of different volumes emerging from the roof.Each of these irregularities aims at different qualities of light.East facing,South facing,West and North facing,all gather together for one united ceremony.

Each light volume corresponds to a part of the program of Jesuit Catholic worship.The south -facing light corresponds to the procession,a fundamental part of the mass.The city -facing north light corresponds to the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament and to the mission of outreach to the community.The main worship space has a volume of east and west light.The concept of Different Lights is further developed in the dialectic combination of a pure colored lens and a field of reflected color within each light volume.A baffle is constructed opposite the large window of each “bottle of light.” Each of the baffles is back painted in a bright color;only the reflected color can be seen from within the chapel.This colored light pulses with life when a cloud passes over the sun.Each bottle combines the reflected color with a colored lens of the complementary color.At night,which is the time of gatherings for mass in this university chapel,the light volumes shine in all directions out across the campus like colored beacons.On occasion,for those in vigilant prayer,light will shine throughout the night.The visual phenomena of complementary colors can be experienced by staring at a blue rectangle and then a white surface.One will see a yellow rectangle;this complimentarily contributes to the two-fold merging of concept and phenomena in the chapel.

剖面圖 section

平面圖 plan

總平面圖 site plan

“石盒七瓶光”的概念通過(guò)傾斜的建造方法來(lái)表達(dá)。整體彩色的傾斜混凝土板提供了比石材貼面更直接和經(jīng)濟(jì)的構(gòu)造。建筑的外部結(jié)構(gòu)分為21塊交錯(cuò)的混凝土面板，澆筑在教堂的樓板和反射池板上。在兩天的時(shí)間里，這些面板由一臺(tái)液壓起重機(jī)安裝到位，起重機(jī)承受著高達(dá)8萬(wàn)磅的重量。嵌在嵌板上的“扒手口袋”或鉤子，一旦嵌板直立起來(lái)，就會(huì)蓋上青銅蓋。傾斜板的互鎖形成了窗戶(hù)，允許5/8英寸的開(kāi)放板接縫在互鎖細(xì)節(jié)中解決。

教堂的選址形成了一個(gè)新的校園四合院綠地，向北，向西，在未來(lái)，向東。細(xì)長(zhǎng)的矩形平面特別適合定義校園空間以及內(nèi)部的游行和集會(huì)空間。教堂的南面是一個(gè)反射池或“思考場(chǎng)”。

The concept of “Seven Bottles of Light in a Stone Box” is expressed through the tilt-up method of construction.The integral color tilt-up concrete slab provides a more direct and economical tectonic than stone veneer.The building’s outer envelope is divided into 21 interlocking concrete panels cast flat on the chapel’s floor slab and on the reflecting pond slab.Over the course of two days these panels were put in place by a hydraulic crane,which strained at the ponderous weights of up to 80,000 lbs.“Pick pockets,” or hooks inset into the panels were capped with bronze covers once the panels were upright.Windows were formed as a result of the interlocking of the tilt-up slabs,allowing the 5/8” open slab joint to be resolved in an interlocking detail.

The chapel is sited to form a new campus quadrangle green space to the north,the west,and in the future,to the east.The elongated rectangular plan is especially suited to defining campus space as well as the processional and gathering space within.Directly to the south of the chapel is a reflecting pond or “thinking field.”