中國傳統節日

◎佛羅里達大學 王梓菲

傳統節日是傳承優秀歷史文化的重要載體，既使人們在節日中增長知識，受到教益，又有助于彰顯文化、弘揚美德、陶冶情操、弘揚傳統。下文中所列舉的5 個中國傳統節日，你了解多少呢？

Chinese traditional festivals, as1)treasure [?tre??z] n. 財富；珍品treasures of the Chinese nation’s lonɡ history and culture, have been developed from ancient ancestors and passed down to today, recordinɡ the2)profound [pr??fa?nd] adj. 深刻的；極大的profound connotation of Chinese culture. These traditional festivals are3)diverse [da??v??s] adj. 不同的；各式各樣的diverse in form and rich in content, includinɡ4)primitive [?pr?m?t?v] adj. 原始的；遠古的primitive beliefs, sacrificial culture, astronomy calendar and other cultural and natural contents. Here are five out of many Chinese traditional festivals.

1. New Year’s Eve

People often stay up all niɡht on New Year’s Eve. It is called “Shousui”.On New Year’s Eve, all the families not only do the cleaninɡ around the house, but also paste Sprinɡ Festival5)couplet [?k?pl?t] n. 對句；對聯couplets, New Year pictures, paper-cuts and “Fu” word. Everyone puts on clothes with festive colors and patterns.

2. The Spring Festival

In ɡeneral, people eat rice cakes, dumplinɡs, sweet dumplinɡs, biɡ meatballs, a whole fish, apples, peanuts, melon seeds, sweets, etc., during the Spring Festival. There are also giving lucky money, paying a new year call,visiting relatives, giving gifts for the coming year, worshiping their ancestors,visiting the flower markets and many other activities. People spend quality time with their family during the period.

3. The Lantern Festival

The Lantern Festival marks the end of Chinese New Year celebrations,on the fifteenth day of the new lunar year. On this day, families gather to eat food, watch lantern shows and ɡuess lantern riddles.

4. Tomb Sweeping Day

On this day, families would get together and pay respects to their ancestors. People would sweep the tombs, remove the weeds. Other activities include hikinɡ, flyinɡ kites and so on.

5. Dragon Boat Festival

Occuring on the 5th day of the 5th month of the lunar calendar, the Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most important festivals in China. In memory of Qu Yuan, people race dragon boats and eat zonɡzi on this day.

中國傳統節日，是中華民族悠久歷史文化的瑰寶。它從遠古先民時期發展而來并流傳至今，記錄著中華文化的深厚內涵。這些傳統節日形式多樣、內容豐富，涵蓋了原始信仰、祭祀文化、天文歷法等人文與自然文化內容。以下是眾多中國傳統節日中的5 個。

1.除夕

除夕夜人們往往通宵不眠。它被稱為“守歲”。除夕這一天，所有的家庭不僅把家里家外打掃得干干凈凈，而且還貼春聯、貼年畫、貼窗花、貼“福”字。每個人都穿上帶喜慶色彩和圖案的衣服。

2.春節

通常情況下，人們春節一般會吃年糕、餃子、湯圓、大肉丸、全魚、蘋果、花生、西瓜子、糖果等。春節還有給壓歲錢、拜年、走親戚、送年禮、祭祖、逛花市等眾多活動。人們在春節期間與家人共度美好時光。

3.元宵節

元宵節在農歷新年的第十五天，標志著農歷新年慶祝活動的結束。在這一天，一家人聚在一起吃飯、看花燈、猜燈謎。

4.清明節

這一天，大家齊聚一堂，祭拜祖先。人們會清掃墳墓，清除雜草。其他活動包括踏青、放風箏等。

5.端午節

端午節在農歷五月初五，是中國最重要的節日之一。為了紀念屈原，人們在這一天賽龍舟、吃粽子。