Norra Tornen公寓樓 瑞典斯德哥爾摩

項(xiàng)目狀況：創(chuàng)新大樓2018 年竣工，喜力士大樓2020 年竣工

業(yè)主及主承建單位：歐斯卡房地產(chǎn)公司

樓面凈面積（總）：31 826 平方米

總建筑面積：42 299 平方米

項(xiàng)目概況：320 套公寓，零售

主管合伙人：賴(lài)納·德·格拉夫

協(xié)理建筑師：Alex de Jong,Michel van de Kar

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/機(jī)械工程：奧雅納

當(dāng)?shù)毓こ處煟篠weco

攝影：Laurian Ghinitoiu,Ossip van Duivenbode

Status:Completion December 2018(Innovationen);December 2020(Helix)

Client and main contractor:Oscar Properties

Net floor area (total):31 826 m2

Gross floor area (total):42 299 m2

Program:320 apartments,Retail

Partner in Charge:Reinier de Graaf

Associates in charge:Alex de Jong,Michel van de Kar

Structural/Mechanical Engineer:Arup

Local Engineer:Sweco

Photography:Laurian Ghinitoiu,Ossip van Duivenbode,Courtesy of OMA

Norra Tornen項(xiàng)目在城市建筑師Aleksander Wolodarski 發(fā)起但未完成的原有建筑項(xiàng)目的剩余部分之上又添加了兩個(gè)建筑立面。每一個(gè)立面由不同高度的逐漸增強(qiáng)的單元組成，這既不是板樓，也不是塔樓，不是一種不妥協(xié)類(lèi)型學(xué)的演變。相反，該項(xiàng)目強(qiáng)調(diào)大型戶(hù)外空間的公寓，避免建筑太過(guò)普通。

通過(guò)一種“弗洛伊德式飛行”理念采用規(guī)定的建筑面——充滿(mǎn)激情地?fù)肀Р豢杀苊獾氖虑椋フ鞣涂朔畛醯目謶帧Ｔ怪辈糠衷俅芜M(jìn)行水平分隔，給外觀(guān)一種單一、均勻的處理：封閉的室外空間和突出的客廳交替形成凹凸不平的表面。帶筋的彩色混凝土加上外露的多色碎石，呼應(yīng)了粗野主義建筑風(fēng)格，而這并非偶然。建筑評(píng)論家Reyner Banham表示，粗野主義建筑這個(gè)詞是Hans Asplund提出的，他是Gunnar Asplund的兒子，在給英國(guó)建筑師朋友的信中提到自己工作室同事的設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)使用了該詞。

Norra Tornen采用混凝土預(yù)制板——建筑現(xiàn)場(chǎng)低于攝氏5度無(wú)法完成混凝土澆筑，而這個(gè)工藝解決了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，同時(shí)也大大降低了建筑成本。該設(shè)計(jì)也讓墻和地板的配比接近1不再是不可想象的事情——大部分研發(fā)人員很難做到0.5的配比。在建造的公寓遇到獨(dú)特布局，多面朝向，窗戶(hù)擴(kuò)大的情況時(shí)就可以采用該設(shè)計(jì)，這對(duì)于半年見(jiàn)不到陽(yáng)光的國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)至關(guān)重要。大部分市中心的樓房建于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之前，Norra Tornen引入了全新的生活方式，盡可能地讓住戶(hù)享用更多的戶(hù)外空間（在歐盟公布的空氣質(zhì)量城市排名中，斯德哥爾摩排名第四）。

The Norra Tornen project started with two inherited building envelopes,the remains of a cancelled project initiated by the former city architect Aleksander Wolodarski.Each a kind of 'crescendo' composition of different heights– neither slab nor tower– prohibit the unfolding of an uncompromised typology.Conversely,the opted program,apartments with an emphasis on large outdoor spaces,prevented too literal a translation of the envelopes into architectural form.

Through a kind of 'Freudian flight forward'– a passionate embrace of the inevitable in order to conquer and overcome one's initial fears– the prescribed building envelope was adopted as a given.Its initial vertical segmentation was complemented by a second,horizontal segmentation that gives the buildings'exterior a single,homogeneous treatment:a rough skin,formed through an alternating pattern of withdrawn outdoor spaces and protruding living rooms.The chosen material,ribbed colored concrete brushed with exposed multi-colored aggregate pebbles,echoes brutalist architecture and that is not by chance.According to architecture critic Reyner Banham,the term brutalist architecture was invented by Hans Asplund,the son of Gunnar Asplund,when referring to a design of his studio colleagues in a letter to his British architect friends.

總圖 Site plan

創(chuàng)新大樓有182個(gè)單元，有44平方米的一室公寓，也有頂層271平方米的公寓，大部分是80至于120平方米的兩室或三室公寓。住宅樓還配有影院、派對(duì)和晚宴、客房，帶桑拿和休閑區(qū)的健身房和一樓零售區(qū)。喜力士大樓包含138個(gè)配備完善設(shè)施的單元。

兩棟樓高分別為125米和110米，是斯德哥爾摩市中心最高的住宅樓。隨著Karolisnka研究所（頒發(fā)諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)）的建立，斯德哥爾摩北部新區(qū)Hagastaden應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，是這個(gè)城市的標(biāo)志性場(chǎng)所。然而，最初建筑立面的應(yīng)用改變了最初的宏大建筑，其設(shè)計(jì)更偏重家庭生活方式。之前的形式主義結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用到住宅上顯得格外不一樣……甚至可以說(shuō)是人文主義。

Envelop &volume

Bay window &balcony

Concrete at Norra Tornen comes in the form of prefabricated panels– a construction technique that allows work on the building site to continue even below the five-degree Celsius limit which prohibits in situ concrete pouring.Prefabrication also significantly reduced construction costs.This way a design with a wall-to-floor ratio close to 1– most developers would be discouraged by a 0.5 ratio– was suddenly not an unthinkable proposition.The investment could be channeled in creating apartments with unique layouts,multiple orientations and extra square meters of windows– a precious asset in a country with scarce daylight for half of the year.In a city center with a housing stock largely built before the Second World War,Norra Tornen introduces a new way of living which brings together density with the possibility to enjoy outdoor space (Stockholm ranks fourth among the cities with the highest air quality in the European Union).

The Innovationen Tower comprises 182 units ranging from 44 sqm one-bedroom apartments to a 271 sqm penthouse on the top floor,with the majority consisting of two-or threebedroom apartments of 80 to 120 sqm.The residential units are complemented by a cinema room,a dinner room for parties and celebrations,a guest apartment,a gym with a sauna and a relaxation area,and retail space at the ground floor.The Helix Tower includes 138 units,plus amenities.

At a height of 125 meters,and 110 meters,respectively,the two towers are the highest residential buildings in Stockholm’s city center.Located in Hagastaden,a new district in the north of Stockholm developed around the Karolisnka Institute (which awards the Nobel Prize in Medicine),they stand as a gate to the city.However,the manipulation of the initial building envelopes radically transforms their initial implied architecture of monumentality.It gives way to an articulation of domesticity.A once formalist structure comes to house apartments that are surprisingly informal…one could even say humanist.