Reading and Optional Choices

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1

We often meet people from different cultures. For successful communication， it's important to know how conversational styles are different around the world.

Opening and closing conversation

Different cultures have different ways of greeting people. 1________ For example， when North Americans end a conversation， they often say， “We must get together again soon.” However， this is usually just a form of politeness and not a real invitation.

Interrupting（打斷）

In some parts of the world， people often interrupt each other and express strong opinions. To Northern Europeans and North Americans， this kind of conversation may sound like an argument， but it is not. 2________

Use of silence

In Northern America， if there is silence for more than twenty seconds（秒） during a meeting， people become uncomfortable. 3________ However， this doesn't happen everywhere. In some places， a period of silence after someone has spoken shows respect（尊重） for the speaker.

Proper topics of conversation

Topics of conversation also differ（不同） around the world. 4________ Most North Americans， however， think family life is a good topic. People in some cultures feel free to ask questions about how much somethingcosts or how much someone makes. For North Americans， they are not proper topics.

Use of humor

North Americans often use humor to break the ice， or make others feel free and comfortable. However， in some cultures， people think laughing and humor show disrespect. 5________

A. They never use humor with strangers.

B. It's just a different conversational style.

C. They usually break the silence by talking.

D. They say “Good-bye” to each other and kissed.

E. A person with a good sense of humor can bring fun to others.

F. In some places， people don't talk about their families with strangers.

G. They also have rules about who speaks first and how a conversation starts and ends.

1.________??? 2.________??? 3.________??? 4.________??? 5.________

2

A dream plays an important part in your daily life. Do you want to make your dream come true？ 1________

Have a strong desire（愿望） for a goal.

You should remember： the starting point of all kinds of success is a strong desire.

2________ So， the first step is to have a strong desire for your goal.

Believe in yourself.

You can change your life by changing your mind. You should never stop thinking that your dream can come true. For example， you can draw a picture of something that you want and put it up on the wall. 3________ It can make you get through difficult times.

Make a plan.

4________ You should make sure that before doing everything you should have a plan in your mind first. Each day you should follow the plan so that you can reach your goal.

5________

You need to check how much progress you have made and how many things you have lost. Write these things down and find out how to do them better later.

A. Check your progress.

B. Then you can see it every day.

C. A strong desire makes good results.

D. Keeping healthy is very important too.

E. I hope the following things can help you.

F. Making a plan is one of the most important steps.

G. The best way to reach your goal is working hard.

1.________??? 2.________??? 3.________??? 4.________??? 5.________

3

I love visiting new cities and going to places of interest. Recently， I visited the German city of Leipzig and it was a really amazing trip！ Leipzig is quite a big city， and theres so much to do and see. 1________

The Museum of Fine Arts

2________ But I really enjoyed my visit to Leipzigs Museum of Fine Arts. I saw lots of different types of artworks in the museum— from pieces that are over 400 years old to modern art！ I like learning about different artists from different times. It was certainly a cool way for me to spend a rainy afternoon here！

The St Nicholas Church

3________ The church has connections to both famous musicians and important events. I had heard a lot about this history， so it was amazing to finally visit the church in person.

4________ There were beautiful paintings on the wall and it was very peaceful to stay here.

Leipzig Zoo

In my opinion， Leipzig has one of the best zoos in the world！ The zoo is huge， and there are so many different animals—including tigers， elephants and even koalas！ 5________ Theres a flowing river and you can travel down it on a boat. It is really cool！ I'd love to visit Leipzig Zoo again one day.

A. I was really impressed！

B. We had a wonderful time there.

C. My classmates invited me to go there.

D. The best part of the zoo is the safari area.

E. These are the top three places I love most.

F. This is a church with a very interesting history.

G. Sometimes art museums can be a little bit boring.

1.________??? 2.________??? 3.________? ??4.________??? 5.________

4

Have you ever tried to hide your emotions from someone during a conversation？ 1________

Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other peoples emotions according to changes in the color of their faces.

Scientists studied pictures of people's facial expressions. 2________ For example， happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust（厭惡） creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips， but also a red-green color around the nose and forehead.

“We believe these color patterns are the result of small changes in blood flow triggered （觸發）by the central nervous（神經） system，” Lead researcher Alex Martinez said.

3________ Does the color alone or also facial expressions help people tell other's emotions？

To figure this out， scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions.

4________ They were able to tell the emotions 75% of the time without any difficulty. 5________ For example， when two people are heatedly arguing over something， we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry， wed say he or she is blue in the face.

A. But this raises a question.

B. Why can the color of the face show ones emotions？

C. It's not always easy， because the color on your face may tell the truth.

D. It is shown that human emotions are influenced by colors on the face.

E. They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color.

F. Then， volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing.

G. This is why there are some Chinese sayings that connect emotions to the color of ones face.

1.________??? 2.________??? 3.________??? 4.________??? 5.________

5

A hobby can be almost anything that a person likes to do in his spare time. Hobbyists raise pets， watch birds， paint pictures， play the piano， and grow flowers. 1________ They collect everything from books to butterflies， from boxes to stamps.

People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment， friendship， and relaxation. Hobbies offer interesting activities for the old. Some hobbies can make a child grow as a person， develop his interest， and help him learn new skills. 2________ Doctors have found that hobbies are useful in helping patients recover（恢復） from illness. Hobbies give patients， who can't move around， something to do and provide interests that keep them from thinking about their illness. Many hospitals treat patients by having them take up interesting hobbies. 3________

In early times， most people were too busy making a living to enjoy hobbies. But some persons who had spare time did enjoy hobbies.4________ People today have more time than ever before. Machines have now reduced much time that people must spend on their jobs.

5________ Those who have developed hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free time hours.

A. Hobbies can help kids to keep healthy.

B. Hobbies can also help a patient to keep healthy.

C. More people retire at an earlier age than before.

D. Many people have nothing to do in their spare time.

E. The ancient Egyptians played games with balls made of wood.

F. They also go to concerts， climb mountains， go fishing， skate， and swim.

G. Anyone， old or young， sick or well， rich or poor， can follow a good hobby despite his age， health or money.

1.________??? 2.________??? 3.________??? 4.________??? 5.________

6

Sleep plays an important role in brain development. Children should get enough sleep. 1________ A study says that because of being short of sleep， it is much harder for children to do something carefully. And also they become forgetful and easy to make mistakes. Another study shows that the right amount of night-time sleep is just as important for childrens development as healthy eating and taking exercise.

2________ In general， a younger child needs more sleep than an older one. Children at the age of 5—11 will need 10—12 hours of sleep a night while children at the age of more than 11 will need less hours.

In fact， many parents don't know how to help their children get enough sleep. Here is something you can do. For children at the age of 5—11， a 30—40 minutes routine （常規）before sleep is helpful. 3________ In the activities， children relax and enjoy themselves a lot， and they will go to sleep more easily.

Children at the age of more than 11 may go to bed late in the evening， talking with friends online， playing games or watching TV.

4________ And they will be even tired during the day. So limit（限制） your children use of the Internet， games and the TV before they go to bed. 5________

A. Why does a child need so much sleep？

B. If not， many problems will come to them.

C. How many hours of sleep is enough for a child？

D. It includes a bath， reading a story together and so on.

E. So they will find it difficult to get up the next morning.

F. Taking exercise is as important as enough sleep for children.

G. And don't allow them to have a computer or TV set in their bedroom.

1.________??? 2.________??? 3.________??? 4.________??? 5.________