Unit 2 Exploring English

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基礎訓練

單詞拼寫 根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學單詞的正確形式填空。

1. The city filled with u _____________buildings is a city for lovers of history and food.

2. As you are a high school student now， you should be responsible for you b _____________.

3. I usually get up as soon as my a_____________ clock goes off in the early morning.

4. The t_____________of the book gives readers important information about the main idea of it.

5. His writing is so c_____________ that it is difficult to make out what he wants to express.

6. Your facial expression has _____________ （反映） your real feelings.

7. These exchange students begin to feel_____________（想家的） after they have been here for a week.

8.Picasso produced more than 20，000 pieces of art， and he did not just paint， but made _____________ （雕塑） and worked with all kinds of media.

9.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world and is _____________（可見的） from outer space.

10.I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to learn from _____________（有創(chuàng)造力的） people.

選擇填空 用方框中所給短語的適當形式填空。

wind up burn up fill in speak of in ones free time

1. Judy says she often goes swimming with her friends_____________ .

2. _____________ the part-time job， I think its important for college students to do it during holidays.

3. If you choose to walk home， your body will _____________100 calories.

4. Please_____________ this form， giving your name， phone number and address.

5.And you dont always _____________ with the right answer or wrong answer， but just different points of view.

課文語法填空

Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble1（learn） English？ I hadnt， until one day my five-year-old son asked me2there was ham in a hamburger. This3（get） me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.

Even the smallest words can be4（confuse）. You also have to wonder at the unique5（mad） of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns6 ， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which7alarm is only heard once it goes off！

English8（invent） by people， not computers， and it reflects the9（creative） of the human race. That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are10（visible）. And that is why when I wind up my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends.

1._____________? 2._____________ ? 3._____________? 4. _____________? 5. _____________

6. _____________? 7._____________ ? 8. _____________? 9. _____________? 10._____________

閱讀理解

Part of the reason that English has grown as a world language is that it easily adjusts to change. However， this means that what one was taught as a child in school may be out of date many years later. When words or phrases change， it can make speakers feel “wrong” because they were taught that something else was “right”.

One example of this is a term connected to school itself. Today， it is common for people to say that they “graduated” high school or college. The word “graduate” has two common meanings. One is to mark off a series. The other meaning is closely related. As you move through school， you cross off a series of achievements： grade school， middle school， high school， and college. So， in a way， school itself is “graduated”.

So， when people used to speak of getting a degree， they said they “graduated from college”. “To graduate college” would have meant to mark it off by year—the first year， the second year， etc. Similarly， “to graduate to college” would have meant to complete high school and move up to the next level.

But as happens often in English， when people understand your meaning， smaller words can disappear. “I graduated college” is now easy to say. This may distress people who were taught that you had to use “from” to be correct. But this is not the first time this phrase has been simplified. It used to be that you said， “I was graduated from college，” instead of， “I graduated from college.”

You cant know what English will keep and what it will lose. Who could imagine that we would still say we “dial” a phone number when we now push buttons on our cellphones？ Yet we know what it means.

1. What do we know about the word “graduate” from the text？

A. It has two similar meanings. B. It is changing in its meanings.

C. It had nothing to do with school at first. D. It got another meaning during its development.

2. Which of the following is the newest usage of “graduate”？

A. I was graduated from college. B. I was to graduate to college.

C. I graduated from college. D. I graduated college.

3. What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？

A. Change. B. Correct. C. Worry. D. Hurt.

4. What is the best title for the text？

A. Right or Wrong？ B. Words Come and Go in English

C. English Is a Very Changeable Language D. How Should English Be Taught in School？

閱讀七選五

What are magic words？ Words like “thank you” “please” and “sorry” can work wonders in our daily life. 1 People with good manners always communicate with others well by using these magic words.

What should you do when you receive a gift for your birthday？ 2 The words “thank you” are very important and used very often. We say them when someone hands us a letter， passes us a book， offers us a drink， or lends us an umbrella.

3 It is not polite to ask someone for help without saying “please”. We are supposed to use it when we ask for something， too. It may be a book， a pen， or more milk. It may be in the classroom， at home or at the bus stop.

We should learn to say “sorry”， too. If we have hurt someones feeling， we will have to say “sorry”. 4 Sometimes we have forgotten something or broken a promise， so we need to explain with the word as a beginning. “Sorry” is such a word that can make people forget wrongs.

Why are these words magic？ They can give you warmth and strength. They even can encourage people to lead a more meaningful life.

5 Man said them long ago. We use them now. So will our kids.

A. You can make good friends with them.

B. “Excuse me” is another important expression.

C. Youd better sit down and write a thank-you note.

D. “Thank you！ Please！ Sorry！”—these words are simple but useful.

E. “Please” is another important word， but many people forget to use it.

F. When we have told a lie and regretted it， the same word should be used.

G. These expressions are used every day—among strangers， friends and families.

1._____________ ? 2._____________ ? 3._____________ ? 4. _____________? 5. _____________

Section Ⅱ Using language

單句語法填空 在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

1. Most of the food for the homeless is provided by an international _____________ （organize）.

2. She grew many unusual types of plants that were_____________（familiar） to me.

3. Have you kept in contact _____________ any of your friends from college？

4. The fog is so heavy that the cars are_____________（visible） even 30 meters away.

5. There are various_____________（type） of books， and you can choose whatever youre interested in.

6. At twenty years old he was not as strong， as fast， _____________ he is now.

7. This is a fine book which is a worthy _____________ （add） to the series.

8. She said she had came_____________an old friend in the street whom she hadnt seen for years.

9. For_____________（creative） to have a chance， the brain needs to get out of its own way.

10.The traffic problem in this city is _____________ （likely） to be solved in a short time. Theres still a long way to go.

單元語法填空 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文語境，結(jié)合本單元所學語法完成短文。

Surfing is an1（interest） activity of riding on waves while a person is standing on a board called a2（a long narrow board used for surfing）. It is a perfect opportunity for people to get fit and stay3（health）. It can not only make you4（excite） but also offer a number of health benefits. Whether youre a free5（surf） or a competitive one， Im sure youre always trying to improve your surfing. Here are some tips that can help you have a better surfing6（perform）. First of all， you need to practice as often as possible. Second， you should learn to pick the right board. For a7（begin）， the bigger， the better. Some people may like to jump on smaller and8（short） boards， but a large one will help you catch more waves in the early stages. Last but not least， if possible， you can surf with your friends together. It is not only safer， but it also forms a healthy

9（compete）. It pushes you to surf better and try out10（differ） skills.

1._____________ ? 2._____________ ? 3. _____________? 4. _____________? 5. _____________

6. _____________? 7._____________ ? 8. _____________? 9. _____________? 10. _____________

完形填空

I spent many childhood afternoons looking at airplanes passing over my house. I1what the pilots were doing in those silver2 . I hoped to fly an airplane one day， but people said that was only mens3 .

After earning my drivers license， I drove to a local4 . For twenty dollars， I took an introductory flying lesson and flew up into the sky with an instructor （教練）.

Such lessons were5 ， though. I was only a student. Then， I had an6 . I applied to the school headmaster to7for them in exchange for flying lessons. He8 . Soon， I was busy behind the front desk after school， working hard to9my time in the air. Flying airplanes made me feel alive in a way I never knew was10 . But away from the airport， I was so afraid of being11that I kept my flying lessons a secret.12 ， everyone knew girls couldnt be pilots; it would be13to even try.

I fell in deeper love with flight with every14into the sky， but that joy was not what15allowed me to break free from both the16and self-imposed （自己規(guī)定的） limits I had long

17 . What freed me to believe I could do anything was the way I was18at the airport. There， I was surrounded by people who believed in me and supported me， and for the first time I believed in myself， too.

One simple19to the airport led me to the unexpected journey to become a woman20 ， whose number is small in the man-charged airline industry.

1. A. experienced B. noticed C. imagined D. recorded

2. A. systems B. machines C. spaceships D. gardens

3. A. hope B. lesson C. job D. style

4. A. supermarket B. park C. factory D. airport

5. A. expensive B. valuable C. common D. difficult

6. A. interest B. idea C. achievement D. application

7. A. fight B. perform C. work D. cheer

8. A. forgot B. failed C. stopped D. agreed

9. A. earn B. spend C. save D. manage

10. A. free B. easy C. possible D. familiar

11. A. given up B. turned down C. left behind D. laughed at

12. A. In fact B. After all C. By the way D. As a result

13. A. silly B. hard C. unique D. impolite

14. A. look B. trip C. step D. change

15. A. personally B. usually C. equally D. finally

16. A. cultural B. physical C. natural D. social

17. A. dreamed B. accepted C. passed D. broken

18. A. treated B. welcomed C. questioned D. trained

19. A. way B. door C. guide D. drive

20. A. instructor B. headmaster C. pilot D. supporter

語法填空

Long ago in the 1700s， “home” was used as a verb，1（mean） “to be guided to a destination”. So， when you home in on something， you get2（close） to your target （目標）. That is also where we get homing pigeons—pigeons that can find3（they） way home after being released （釋放）.

4today， “home” is more often used as a noun. And it has a very emotional5（connect） with American English speakers. You can remember the meaning of the word by the expression “home is? ? ?6the heart is”. That expression means home is anywhere you feel love and comfort. In other words， “home” is not7（simple） a building where you live—thats a house.

The writer， Thomas Wolfe，8（write） a book You Cant Go Home Again in 1940. This title has worked its way into the English language. We use it to mean that the ideas and feelings you had as9 child often change when you are an adult. So， even if you return to the place where you grew up， time and distance （距離）10（change） your view.

1. _____________? 2. _____________? 3. _____________? 4._____________ ? 5. _____________

6._____________ ? 7._____________ ? 8._____________ ? 9. _____________? 10._____________

短文改錯

Dear Mr Chen，

Im very happy to have you as our English teacher. I knew English is very important for us， so master English means we can see the world through a new window.

To be honesty my English is just OK. There are two mainly problems in my English study. First， I feel difficult to learn words by heart. However， I often feel nervous when spoken English. It would be a great if you could give me some good advice on how to memorize new words. Another suggestion is to give us more chance to practice speaking English in class. Im certain that we can make much progress in English under your help. Thank you.

Li Hua

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎訓練

單詞填空 用所給詞的適當形式填空。

1.Although there are more and more people _____________ of the importance of protecting wild animals， we still try to raise the_____________of the whole society. （aware）

2.Written language is generally used in_____________language， while _____________ language can be used in spoken language. （form）

3.They_____________me by asking so many _____________ questions. I was totally _____________， not knowing what to do. （confuse）

4.My father once said to me that hard work can change your life because youre the only_____________of your own life， but the_____________of people also needs_____________minds. （create）

5.My little sister_____________so well in the school that my parents praised her good _____________at dinnertime. （behave）

6.With the _____________ of becoming rich and famous， more and more people _____________ to take part in TV shows. （intend）

7.No matter what his _____________ words were，_____________ ， I dont believe it. （actual）

8.Joe had changed so much that I didnt _____________ him at first. As a matter of fact， age changed him beyond_____________ . （recognise）

9.“Hard” is the _____________ of “soft”， but “hardly” and “softly” are not the_____________pair. （opposite）

10. _____________ ， their savings only meet_____________costs of living. So they choose a simple lifestyle， _____________ on the little money they have. （base）

單句表達 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示翻譯句子。

1. 他不僅是一位教師，而且是一位作家。（not only位于句首引起部分倒裝）

2. 我期待著把禮物放到Julie桌上時，她會喜笑顏開。（look forward to）

3.? 我在公共汽車站等車時，對向駛過了三輛公共汽車。（while引導時間狀語從句）

4. 它們讓我想起我在倫敦生活的日子。（remind sb of）

5. 這座建于300年前的劇院已成為著名的旅游景點。（過去分詞作后置定語）

提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

remind intend stay with look forward to to ones astonishment

I wasnt sure that... I was really surprised when... It turned out that...

閱讀理解

A

Do you think the United Kingdom and the United States are alike？ Winston Churchill once joked that the people of Britain and the people of America are separated only by their language. Do you think that is true？ The British and the Americans both speak English as the official language. However， each uses some different words. We Americans are similar to the British. After all， our country was once owned by the UK， so we have a lot in common. But there are many differences between us.

The UK has a king or queen， and the leader of the government is the Prime Minister. The US has no kings or queens. Our leader is the President.

Both the British and Americans use pounds and ounces， pints， quarts， and gallons. Both use miles， yards， and feet. Our money is different， though. The British use pounds and pence. Americans use dollars and cents.

Driving in a car is very different in the UK. They drive on the left side of the road. We drive on the right. What we call the hood （引擎蓋） of the car， the British call the “bonnet”. British cars run on “petrol”， which we call “gasoline”.

In our everyday life， we do many of the same things as the British. But we describe them differently. A young mother here might push a baby in a baby carriage. A British mum pushes a “pram”. The British watch “telly”， while we watch TV. We like to eat French fries， but the British call them “chips”. Millions of Americans drink coffee， but most British prefer tea.

So we are different in many ways. But we stay friendly anyway.

1. What can we learn about the UK and the US from Winston Churchills joke？

A. They are very similar. B. Their people are the same.

C. Their languages are the same. D. They are familiar with each other.

2. The British and Americans both use .

A. miles and dollars B. pints and pence C. gallons and feet D. yards and cents

3. Which of the following is used by the British？

A. TV. B. Pram. C. Hood. D. French fries.

4. What is the best title for the text？

A. We Stay Friendly B. A Common Language？

C. English as the Official Language D. Differences Between the UK and the US

B

Harris Academy， a school in south London， stopped its students from using slang （俚語） words， such as aint. The move led to an argument over whether it is necessary to control the way students speak.

The creation of slang is one way languages change. Slang， or informal language， usually changes more rapidly than standard language. For example， the word groovy， meaning “great”， used to be very popular in the 1960s and 1970s. But by 1980s， people had stopped using it.

One important reason we use slang is to show others that we belong to a group. Another is to communicate an idea in a more colorful or humorous way. For example， the phrase “jump ship” creates a stronger image （形象） than the more standard “l(fā)eave an organization”. While in the Internet age， slang expressions are created faster than ever. Often， Internet slang words are created to make messages faster and easier to type.

Some people are strongly against the use of slang. Teachers at Harris Academy were worried that slang would prevent their students from learning how to read， write， and express themselves correctly. They thought this might cause problems for them when they finally went on to apply to universities or companies.

However， some people think differently. Linguist Tony Thorne sees slang as a way for speakers of a language to show their creativity and humor. And， unlike what some believe， slang is not a new phenomenon. As Thorne explains， “Slang has not become more popular， simply more public.” In todays highly connected world， slang has become more noticeable because of better tools to see language change.

Perhaps the worries mentioned above can be solved by making people understand when to use certain forms of language. As long as people use slang properly， there is no need to completely avoid it.

5. The author mentioned the word “groovy” to show .

A. how languages change B. slang changes fast

C. slang was popular in the 1960s D. how standard language forms over time

6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？

A. Why people use slang. B. How people use slang.

C. Different types of slang. D. The development of slang.

7. What can we infer about slang from Tony Thornes words in Paragraph 5？

A. It takes time for it to develop. B. It has been accepted by the public.

C. Its increasingly known to the public. D. Its getting more and more popular.

8. What is the authors attitude towards Harris Academys decision on slang？

A. He is against it. B. He is in favor of it.

C. He is doubtful about it. D. He is uninterested in it.

完形填空

Cairistiona Flatley has always been an animal lover. So when she1a social media post about a two-legged cat in need of a（n）2 ， she had a feeling that she was the3person to take Rexie Roo in.

Rexie Roo is a young cat who was rescued （救援） to a shelter in Utah. Both of his front legs were4hurt when he was found， and his rescuers guessed that hed been5by a car. Whats worse， the cats legs couldnt be cured. Their only choice was to6his front legs to give him a second7of life. Despite his pain and having to get around on his8legs， Rexie Roo was always loving everyone around him.

The only9was whether they could find someone who was10to take in a pet with special needs. Thats when Cairistiona came to the11 . She adopted （收養(yǎng)） Rexie Roo and made him feel at home. She quickly12that hes very food-motivated （驅(qū)使）， so she used cat food to13him to do his at-home “physical exercise”.

“When people tell me Im so14for adopting a special need cat and that he is lucky to have me， I can only think about how15I am to have him in my life，” Cairistiona said. “I

16him so much， and he has brought me a lot of17and peace. I think he can18people a lot about patience and love，” she added. “My life is19because he is in it. I tell everyone he is the20of my life.”

1. A. saw B. wrote C. chose D. spread

2. A. organization B. family C. judge D. operation

3. A. outgoing B. honest C. special D. perfect

4. A. badly B. completely C. mostly D. nearly

5. A. taken away B. turned away C. knocked down D. put down

6. A. cut off B. try on C. look over D. fix up

7. A. reason B. honor C. impression D. chance

8. A. front B. short C. back D. hurt

9. A. opinion B. problem C. way D. suggestion

10. A. thankful B. rich C. willing D. creative

11. A. madness B. check C. agreement D. rescue

12. A. discovered B. announced C. reminded D. imagined

13. A. force B. encourage C. promise D. wait

14. A. calm B. cool C. brave D. kind

15. A. lucky B. regretful C. upset D. nervous

16. A. respect B. trust C. love D. miss

17. A. pressure B. eagerness C. joy D. pain

18. A. prepare B. teach C. question D. require

19. A. freer B. quieter C. easier D. better

20. A. engine B. light C. challenge D. truth

Writing

話題表達指導

話題介紹

話題：英語探索。要求通過學習課文能口頭和書面分享一則有關語言誤解的故事或?qū)W習英語的一次特別經(jīng)歷。

建議體裁：記敘文。

注意事項：突出故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展，交代清楚記敘文寫作的基本要素（事件、時間、人物、地點、原因、結(jié)果）。見下表：

話題 英語探索

體裁 記敘文

人稱 第一人稱（描述自己的經(jīng)歷）;第三人稱（描述他人的經(jīng)歷）

常用時態(tài) 一般過去時（記述發(fā)生在過去的故事或經(jīng)歷）

題例導學

題目

假設你是李華，今天你和朋友參加了“北京外語節(jié)”（Beijing Foreign Language Festival）。請用英語寫一篇短文記述當天的活動，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 概括介紹事件背景;

2. 這一天的活動（聽講座、參加英語角等）;

3. 你的感受。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右;

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

思路引導1 要點分析

1. 背景：與誰一起去，交通方式、現(xiàn)場情景等;

2. 活動：活動項目（如講座、英語角、購買英語書籍等）;

3. 感受：對活動的評價、活動帶來的好處、你對下一次活動的期待等。

思路引導2 本單元語言知識運用

根據(jù)漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1. 我們騎自行車到那里，而一些學生是乘地鐵去那里。（while）

_________________________________________________________________

2. 首先我們參加了一個講座，講座的主題是“如何學好英語”。（how + 不定式）

_________________________________________________________________

3. 演講者回答了我們學習中的一些令人困惑的問題。（confusing）

_________________________________________________________________

4.我們?nèi)チ擞⒄Z角，在那里我們和其他學生交換了學習英語的方法。（where; exchange... with）

_________________________________________________________________

5. 我期待著參加更多像這樣的活動。（look forward to）

_________________________________________________________________

思路引導3 連句成篇

范例展示

Today I took part in the “Beijing Foreign Language Festival” with my friend Wang Wei. We arrived there by bike while some students went there by subway.

First we attended a talk whose topic was “How to learn English”. The speaker answered some confusing questions in our study. Then we went to the English Corner where we exchanged the methods of learning English with other students. We joined them with great interest. Before leaving， we bought some books and dictionaries.

The festival gave me a good chance to practice English， as well as confidence and encouragement for my study. Im looking forward to taking part in more activities like this.

話題表達

假設你是李華，你班的交換生Jack喜歡中國的小吃，于是你請他品嘗當?shù)孛〕越谢u、老婆餅。聽到名稱他很疑惑，但他品嘗之后才知道不能從字面意思去理解。請用英語寫一篇短文記敘這件事。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 邀請Jack品嘗叫花雞、老婆餅;

2. 他的反映;

3. 他吃后的感慨。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右;

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：老婆餅sweetheart cake;叫花雞Jiaohua Chicken

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. _____________ 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)

2. be unfamiliar_____________對……不熟悉

3. _____________ 除此之外;另外

4. remind..._____________使……想起

5._____________說到;談到

6.make comments_____________對……做出評論

7. be based _____________ 以……為基礎

8. _____________ 意識到;察覺到

9. _____________ 在某人的空閑時間

10._____________結(jié)果是

11. _____________ 發(fā)生

12._____________燒毀;燒盡

13. _____________給（機械）上發(fā)條;使（活動、會議等）結(jié)束

14. reflect _____________ 反思

15. _____________contact與…… 保持/失去聯(lián)系

16. _____________in ones throat（尤因喉嚨痛）說話困難

17. _____________ 謹慎行事

18._____________讓某人驚訝的是

句型

1. have trouble （in） doing sth

Have you ever asked yourself why people often_____________（在學習英語時遇到困難）？

2. make + 賓語 + 賓語補足語

This _____________ （使我意識到） that theres no egg in eggplant either.

3. neither位于句首引起部分倒裝

_____________（既沒有） pine _____________ apple in pineapple.

4. It/This/That is why...

_____________（那就是為什么） when the stars are out， they are visible…

5. speaking of作評注性狀語

And _____________ （談到家）， why arent homework and housework the same thing？

6. 過去分詞作后置定語

The origin of “hamburger” was a hard beef steak _____________ （稱為）“Hamburg steak”， _____________ （被吃） without bread.

7. the other way round

Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs， or _____________ （反過來亦是如此）.

8. as... as...

Its not_____________（看上去那么令人困惑）： usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context.

9. here等副詞位于句首引起全部倒裝

_____________（這里有一些我們最喜歡的）， to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！

10. spend some time （in） doing sth

I_____________（花數(shù)日進行準備和撰寫） my first English paper.

請根據(jù)提示，運用本單元核心知識就“如何學好英語”的話題，談談你的看法。

提示：需用以下句型。

1. At first， we can…

2. I think its a good idea to…

3. Another thing I would suggest is…