Governance Studies

徐東濤

(Bimonthly)

Volume 38，Number 3，May.2022

ABSTRACTS

Fully Understand the Long-term Nature of Achieving Common ProsperityLi Shi（4）

Abstract: Realizing common prosperity is not only a long-term but also a difficult process. We should have a full understanding of the long-term nature of achieving common prosperity. From three aspects, realizing common prosperity requires long-term efforts and struggle. First, from the high standard of common prosperity in the future, realizing common prosperity requires a long-term development process. Second, from the perspective of China's prosperity, the realization of common prosperity will go through a long and arduous process. Third, from the perspective of the path to common prosperity, we should further deepen reform and policy adjustments; promoting deep-seated reforms is a long-term and complex process.

Keywords: common prosperity; reform of income distribution system; public service

Risks, Challenges and Pathways towards Carbon Peaking and Climate Neutrality in the Context of High-quality DevelopmentZhu Xinkai and Gong Binlei （13）

Abstract: Achieving carbon peaking and climate neutrality goals is a major strategic decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. At present, structural contradictions in China's population structure, investment efficiency, and energy supply and demand are the three main obstacles. China plans to move from “carbon peaking” to “climate neutrality” within three decades from 2030 to 2060, which is shorter than most developed countries. Therefore, China is facing greater challenges in the technical, economic, and social. It must balance the relationship between economic growth and carbon reduction. Success relies upon building a “1+N” policy system, promoting low-carbon industries, establishing a low-carbon investment market, increasing R&D investment in low-carbon technologies, and jointly promoting air pollution control with low-carbon control.

Keywords: carbon peaking and climate neutrality; high-quality development; transformation risk

A Study of the Coordinated Development of Energy Supplies and the Demand for Carbon NeutralityLin Boqiang, Zhan Yanhong, and Sun Chuanwang（24）

Abstract: Building a low-carbon and efficient energy system is the key driver for realizing carbon neutrality in China. The long-term requirement of green development has injected new connotations into the coordinated development of the energy system. The coordinated development of energy supplies and the demand for carbon neutrality consists of five aspects: the deep integration of the energy industrial chain, the spatial equilibrium of energy production and sales, the development of energy technology, the interaction of energy markets, and the coordination of policy systems. During the energy transition, the coordination of energy supplies and demand must be “active, strong and dynamic” rather than “passive, weak and static” if synergy within the energy sub-systems is to be achieved. The in-depth transformation of the energy system should not only solve the problems of energy misallocation in quantity, but also promote the deep coupling of energy supply and demand in industry, space exploration, technology, markets, and policy systems.

Keywords: carbon neutrality; energy supply and demand equilibrium; policy coordination; green and low-carbon development

Construction of the “Green Silk Road” towards Global Carbon Neutrality —— China’s Path ChoiceFang Kai, Xi Jixuan and Li Chenglin（35）

Abstract: The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has made substantial progress. However, countries partnering in BRI face practical challenges, such as rapid growth in carbon emissions, severe carbon leakage, and various obstacles to carbon peak and neutrality. Climate change is increasingly preventing the BRI nations from achieving sustainable development. The construction of the “Green Silk Road” must be sped up from a carbon neutrality perspective. Therefore, this paper presents the following policy recommendations: strengthen green and low-carbon cooperation with BRI countries at the national level; build a green development system at the BRI level; propose a Chinese solution to climate governance risks at the global level.

Keywords: carbon neutrality; the Belt and Road initiative; Green Silk Road

Planning China, Institutional China, and Real China: The Political Logic of Development and Governance Zhang Shuping（45）

Abstract: The changes in China's politics from ancient to modern have put forward two crucial issues in modern Chinese state building, namely, development and governance. From the development perspective, there was derived the great strategic task of construction of the state planning system. From the governance persepctive, there was derived another great strategic task of construction of the state institutional system. Centering on state development and state governance, the political logics of “seeking modernity through emancipation”“seeking emancipation through development”and “seeking development through governance” have been successively formed in modern Chinese state building, thus different political forms have been generated. These different political forms profoundly determined the implementation of the state planning system and the state institutional system and their relations with each other. From “omnipotent planning” to “central planning” and then to “comprehensive planning”, from the construction of “state founding institutions” to “interrelated institutions” and then to “comprehensive institutions”, the intersection and confluence of “planning China” and “institutional China” inherently gave rise to the problem of constructing the “real China”. On the road to the future, the political logic of “seeking governance through democracy” bred by the political logic of “seeking development through governance”, will lead the interaction patterns among “planning China” “institutional China” and “real China”. Thus, this will mark the complete transcendence of modern Chinese state governance based on development over the traditional form of state governance.

Keywords: development; governance; planning China; institutional China; real China

Government Data Flow: Connotation Analysis, Practice Dilemma and Approaches of Collaborative GovernanceZhang Huiping and Gu Qin （59）

Abstracts: The value of government data can be explored to maximum only after their fully flowing at all levels in society. there are three types of government data flow in China: government data sharing, open government data and government data authorized operation. Based on concepts definition, this paper compared three types from two aspects: related subjects and their relationships, technology environments and implementation. It analyzes their practice dilema respectively: insufficient sharing motivation and high coordination cost of government data sharing, limited open data and difficulty in ecological formation of open government data, and lack of consensus of government data authorized operation. It furtherly analyzes the common difficulties encountered by all three types: vague data rights, mutual restrictions among governments at different levels, and fragmentation of government data flow. For the future development, it brings forward an urgent need to implement system coordination, organization coordination, and function coordination is urgently needed. System coordination is to cooperatively establish government data rights, organization coordination is to achieve horizontal coordination through strengthening vertical coordination, and function coordination is to collaboratively promote three types of government data flow. This paper contributes to bring the idea of government data rights,which provides the theory model for future studies of government data rights.

Keywords: government data sharing； open government data；government data authorized operation； data right provision；collaborative governance

Town-to-city Upgrade or the County-governed City: Research on the Mode of Setting City of Developed Towns in the New EraWu Jinqun, Xu Yilin and Liao Chaochao（70）

Abstract: The developed town is an important promotional vehicle for the development of a new type of urbanization and the transformation of grass-roots governance in the new era. To eliminate the rigid constraints of the town system on regional development, the mode of town-to-city upgrade should be adopted according to local conditions, and the mode of county-governed city should be innovatively explored at the same time. From the evolutionary logic of the city system in the new era, the implementation conditions of the two modes are different. In terms of the core elements such as administrative system, administrative space, and administrative units, the connotation of the two modes is obviously different. The applicable object of these two modes can be based on comparing advantages and disadvantages and constraint conditions.“Town-to-city Upgrade” mode is suitable for the non-county government resident towns located at the boundary of the parental county, or the non-county government resident towns which are transportation hubs or border ports but a little away from the metropolis. “County-governed City” mode is suitable for the developed towns that have not yet met the standard of a county-level city but are facing institutional constraints, or the county government resident towns which have met the standard of a county-level city.

Keywords: developed towns; town-to-city upgrade; county-governed city

Mission-oriented Political Parties and the Self-Revolution of the Communist Party of China: Basic Logic, Motive Mechanism, and Risk ResponseZhao Dapeng（80）

Abstract: The courage to carry out self-revolution is not only the distinct organizational character of the Communist Party of China (CPC), but also the key to maintaining the vigor and vitality of the Party. The self-revolution of the CPC is influenced and restricted by the typological characteristics of a mission-oriented party, which has inherent stipulation and operational logic. The typification of mission-oriented political parties determines the fundamental motivation and main objects of the CPC's self-revolution and shapes the basic principles and distinctive features of self-revolution. The formation and construction of the motive mechanism of the CPC's self-revolution is not static. Likewise, the political genes and organizational character of self-revolution run the risk of weakening or declining. To cope with this, the Communist Party of China should continuously strengthen the dynamic mechanism of self-revolution by strengthening the pulling force of the party’s mission, strengthening and standardizing the inner-party political life, developing a high-quality people’s democracy, and improving the institutionalization of self-revolution.

Keywords: mission-oriented party； self-revolution；basic logic；risks；motive mechanism

On the Chinese-Style Modernization of Social Governance Guo Ye（89）

Abstract: “Chinese-style modernization” explains the historical, practical, and theoretical logic of China's embarking on the road of modernization and provides a new theoretical paradigm for us to carry out in-depth research on the modernization of social governance. From the perspective of systems and the scientific methods of this theoretical paradigm, the modernization of social governance in China has a unique development process and macroscopic pattern. This includes many transformations of social governance including “control-management-governance”, the concept of “people-centered” social governance, the social governance system of “co-construction, co-governance and co-sharing”, the social governance mechanism of “three governance integration”, the social governance system of “one-axis and multi-governance”, and the social governance form of two-way interaction between “top-down” and “bottom-up”. On the new journey of comprehensively building a socialist modern power, the modernization of Chinese-style social governance will present a grand blueprint with the overall goal of building a “good society”, the “modernization of urban social governance” as the general starting point, the “rule of law” as the path, and the “digital technology” as the driving force, which will benefit China and the world.

Keywords: modernization; Chinese-style modernization; modernization of social governance

The Multiple Internationalization Paths of Professional Markets under Configurational Thinking——A Study Based on a Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis for 74 CasesYang Zhiwen（101）

Abstract: Professional markets with unique Chinese characteristics have strong positive externalities, some of which become important forces to promote the internationalization of a host city's economy and the mutual promotion of domestic and international cycles. The drivers of the internationalization of professional markets can be broadly divided into external factors such as the openness of the host city, institutional environment, and government governance efficiency, and internal factors such as the conditions of market trading facilities, the level of trading technology, and the education level of market personnel. This study adopted the fsQCA method to analyze the multiple paths used by 74 professional markets to achieve international expansion by combining complex antecedent conditions. The results identify four feasible paths for three types of professional markets—internal-driven, internal and external-driven, and external-driven—which can be used as a reference for professional markets in different regions and local governments.

Keywords: professional markets; internationalization path; fsQCA; transaction efficiency

On the Criminal Law Imputation Path of Artificial Intelligence TechnologyZeng Yuexing and Gao Zhengxu（113）

Abstract: The legal governance of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is difficult because the intellectual property created by AI is relatively independent of natural persons. Since current AI technologies are still intelligent tools, legislation focuses on the behaviors of the legal subjects behind the AI technologies instead of the AI technologies themselves. In criminal law, it is necessary to know how AI technologies function and how algorithms are applied. Legal subjects related to AI technologies should be held criminally culpable to the extent algorithm security is a factor. When specific implementation schemes are prepared, it is necessary to define the functions and positioning of criminal law in AI governance activities. What should be avoided is unnecessary obsession over proof of technical logic or confusing technical functions in criminal laws with functions in prepositional laws.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; technological risk; algorithm security; legal system; criminal law imputation