面向用戶可靠性需求差異的電價(jià)計(jì)算方法

摘要：根據(jù)社會(huì)發(fā)展需求制定新的具有差異化的可靠性電價(jià)機(jī)制，滿足用戶的差異化可靠性需求已是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。基于用戶可靠性需求差異進(jìn)行電價(jià)定價(jià)計(jì)算方法的研究。首先，根據(jù)可靠性提升成本的類別與性質(zhì)提出可靠性成本的分?jǐn)偹悸罚灾笇?dǎo)基本電價(jià)和電度電價(jià)的調(diào)整。接著，基于電力用戶的可靠性需求要素和距離要素進(jìn)行容量電價(jià)調(diào)整，基于電網(wǎng)公司收益最優(yōu)的數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行電度電價(jià)的調(diào)整。最后以某城市的可靠性需求差異調(diào)研結(jié)果為例，進(jìn)行可靠性電價(jià)計(jì)算，驗(yàn)證了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

關(guān)鍵詞：可靠性;需求差異;電價(jià);成本分?jǐn)?/p>

DOI：10.15938/j.jhust.2022.03.016

中圖分類號(hào)： TM732文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼： A文章編號(hào)： 1007-2683（2022）03-0119-08

Electricity Price Calculation Method Based on Customer

Reliability Demand Difference

LI Hao1，WU Ya-xiong1，GAO Chong1，CAO Hua-zhen1，WANG Zi-jun2，WANG Cheng-min2

（1.Power Grid Planning Center of Guangdong Power Grid Company，Guangzhou 510080，China;

2.Department of Electrical Engineering， Shanghai Jiaotong University， Shanghai 200240， China）

Abstract：It is an urgent task to formulate a new differentiated reliability electricity price mechanism according to the needs of social development to meet the differentiated reliability needs of users. Therefore， this paper studies the reliability electricity price mechanism based on the difference in user reliability demand. First， according to the category and nature of the reliability improvement cost， the idea of apportioning the reliability cost is proposed to guide the adjustment of electricity price. Then， the capacity electricity price is adjusted based on the reliability demand elements and distance elements of the power users， and the electricity price is adjusted based on the mathematical model of the optimal income of the grid company. Finally， taking the research results of the reliability demand difference of a certain city as an example， the reliability electricity price calculation is carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method in this paper.

Keywords：reliability; demand difference; electricity price; cost sharing

0引言

電價(jià)的形成機(jī)制一直是研究的熱點(diǎn)。傳統(tǒng)銷售電價(jià)主要有兩部制電價(jià)、峰谷電價(jià)和階梯電價(jià)等多種電價(jià)形式。大部分的電價(jià)形式都沒(méi)有考慮可靠性這個(gè)要素，峰谷電價(jià)雖然為降低電網(wǎng)解列風(fēng)險(xiǎn)考慮了電網(wǎng)的可靠性和安全性，但沒(méi)有可考慮用戶可靠性需求的差異。目前，我國(guó)沒(méi)有充分計(jì)及電價(jià)在可靠性管控中的影響和作用 ，對(duì)電網(wǎng)整體發(fā)展的支撐相對(duì)粗放，精益化水平有待進(jìn)一步提升。近年來(lái)，黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院高度重視優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境，李克強(qiáng)總理批定的《對(duì)標(biāo)世界銀行評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境工作任務(wù)清單》，強(qiáng)調(diào)全面加強(qiáng)供電可靠性管理，為優(yōu)化我國(guó)電力營(yíng)商環(huán)境做出積極貢獻(xiàn)。電價(jià)成為營(yíng)商環(huán)境中的重要指標(biāo)之一，有必要根據(jù)社會(huì)發(fā)展需求制定新的具有差異化的可靠性電價(jià)機(jī)制，滿足用戶的差異化可靠性需求。……