中共中央南方局走出去的共和國外交官（三）

Diplomats from the Southern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee （3）

協助董必武出席聯合國大會—陳家康

陳家康（1913—1970年），湖北廣濟人。

全面抗戰爆發后，陳家康被調入八路軍駐武漢辦事處，任周恩來秘書兼英文翻譯，并為對外宣傳組成員。中共中央南方局在重慶成立后，陳家康任外事組副組長兼周恩來秘書，與王炳南一起推動中共中央南方局外事工作的開展。

美國歷史學家費正清回憶：“抗戰時期的重慶，我和陳家康這位才思敏捷、足智多謀的小個子男士談論了半個小時的明清史，這比整個冬季我同別的人談得都多”。

皖南事變發生后，陳家康在周恩來的領導下，和外事組人員廣泛聯系中外記者、外國駐華使館人員，揭露事變的真相。1944年6月，在中共中央南方局外事組的推動下，包括美、英、蘇等國在內的中外記者參觀團訪問延安。因陳家康精通英語，被調回延安，參加中外記者參觀團及后來的美軍觀察組的接待工作。

抗戰后期，陳家康又以翻譯身份和章漢夫跟隨董必武出席聯合國制憲大會。在美國期間，陳家康以熟練的英語，協助董必武廣泛接觸參會的各國代表和美國各界人士、海外華僑，開展國際統戰工作。

1945年11月，陳家康代表中國解放區青年聯合會出席在美國舉行的世界青年大會。回國后，他負責中共中央南京局外事委員會聯絡處的工作，擔任中共代表團上海發言人，常面向中外新聞界發表談話。在延安的毛澤東對中共代表團在南京、上海的斗爭非常關注，他在一次親筆寫發的電報中，專門提到陳家康在上海的發言：“家康發言很好。”

1947年國共談判破裂，陳家康撤回延安，奉命代表中國解放區青年聯合會出席6月在捷克斯洛伐克召開的第一屆世界民主青年大會。會上，他當選為世界青聯執行委員，并留在世界青聯工作。1948年春，他參加了世界青聯派出的代表團，出訪芬蘭、瑞典、挪威、丹麥等國，廣泛向各國青年介紹中國共產黨領導下的解放區情況。

中華人民共和國成立后，陳家康于1950年調入外交部，先后任亞洲司副司長、司長，外交部副部長等職，隨同周恩來出席日內瓦會議和萬隆會議等。

Chen Jiakang - Assisting Dong Biwu in attending the General Assembly of the United Nations

Chen Jiakang （1913-1970） was born in Guangji， Hubei province.

After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression on all fronts， Chen Jiakang was transferred to the Wuhan Office of the Eighth Route Army as Zhou Enlai's secretary and English translator， and a member of the international communication group. After the establishment of the Southern Bureau in Chongqing， Chen served as deputy leader of the Foreign Affairs Group and secretary of Zhou Enlai， and unfolded the foreign affairs work of the Southern Bureau together with Wang Bingnan.

John King Fairbank， an American historian， recalled that in Chongqing during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression， Chen Jiakang was "a small man with agile thinking and resourcefulness. After I talked with him about the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties for half an hour， the content exceeded my conversations with all other Chongqing people throughout winter".

After the Southern Anhui Incident， under the leadership of Zhou Enlai， Chen Jiakang， together with his Foreign Affairs Group members， made extensive contact with the Chinese and foreign journalists and personnel of foreign embassies in China to reveal the truth of the Incident. In June 1944， promoted by the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau， a delegation of Chinese and foreign journalists from the U.S.， UK， the Soviet Union， and other countries visited Yan'an. As Chen was proficient in English， he was transferred back to Yan'an to participate in the reception work of the visiting groups of Chinese and foreign journalists and later the United States Army Observer Group.

In the late period of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression， Chen Jiakang and Zhang Hanfu followed Dong Biwu to attend the Constitutional Convention of the United Nations as translators. During his stay in the United States， with fluent English， Chen helped Dong Biwu make extensive contacts with representatives of various countries， people from all walks of life in the United States and overseas Chinese to conduct international united front work.

In November 1945， Chen Jiakang attended the World Assembly of Youth （WAY） held in the United States on behalf of the Youth Federation of the Liberated Areas in China. After returning to China， he was responsible for the Liaison Office of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Nanjing Bureau of the CPC Central Committee， served as the spokesman of the CPC delegation in Shanghai， and often spoke to the Chinese and foreign press. Mao Zedong in Yan'an at that time was very concerned about the struggles of the CPC delegation in Nanjing and Shanghai. In a personally-written telegram， he specifically mentioned Chen Jiakang's speech in Shanghai， "Jiakang's speech made great sense."

In 1947， when the negotiations between the Kuomintang （KMT） and the Communist Party of China （CPC） broke down， Chen Jiakang withdrew to Yan'an and was ordered to attend the first World Federation of Democratic Youth （WFDY） Conference held in Czechoslovakia in June on behalf of the Youth Federation of the Liberated Areas in China. At the conference， he was elected as the executive member of WFDY， stayed and worked here. In the spring of 1948， participating in the delegation sent by WFDY， he visited Finland， Sweden， Norway， Denmark， and other countries， and extensively introduced the situation of the liberated areas under the leadership of the CPC to the youth of all countries.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China， Chen Jiakang was transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1950， successively served as deputy director and director of the Asia Department and Vice Foreign Minister and accompanied Zhou Enlai to attend the Geneva Conference and the Bandung Conference.

參與周恩來與馬歇爾談判全過程—章文晉

章文晉（1914—1991年），浙江臺州人。

抗戰時期，章文晉留學回國，一方面投入抗日救亡運動，一方面在西南聯大完成學業。1944年下半年，黨中央決定將一批從西南聯大畢業的青年學生經重慶撤往延安，以便為戰后儲備外語人才。由于中共中央南方局外事組急需外語人才，章文晉被留在重慶外事組工作。

在重慶時期，章文晉接替了龔澎的工作，這成為他外交生涯的起點。作為周恩來的翻譯兼秘書，章文晉參加了1945年至1946年周恩來與美國特使馬歇爾談判的全過程。他憑借流利的英語和扎實的中文功底，陪同周恩來、馬歇爾一起南下北上，調處國共矛盾，圓滿完成了翻譯任務，深受周恩來的贊賞。

章文晉后來回憶，在重慶時，他起草了一篇抨擊國民黨外交政策的發言稿。看了初稿，周恩來不太滿意，對他說，一個射手是好是壞，不在于他一下子打出了多少發子彈，而在于看他是否一槍就命中靶心。章文晉頓時明白，自己的稿子是四面出擊卻沒有擊中要害。根據周恩來的修改意見，章文晉很快改出了第二稿，周恩來看了非常滿意。

重慶談判期間，毛澤東會見加拿大駐華大使時，章文晉被選定做翻譯。會談結束后，毛澤東誤以為穿西裝的章文晉是加拿大駐華使館的譯員，還夸贊說：“這位先生翻譯得不錯嘛！”章文晉趕緊解釋，自己是八路軍辦事處的工作人員。毛澤東一聽，更高興了。此后，章文晉從重慶、上海、南京到延安，一直跟在周恩來身邊從事翻譯和秘書工作。

1949年1月，天津解放，章文晉在天津外事處工作，后被周恩來調入外交部，歷任外交部亞洲司司長、部長助理、外交部副部長、中國駐美大使、中國人民對外友好協會會長等職，是中華人民共和國第一代杰出的外交家。

（部分資料由中共重慶市委黨史研究室提供）

編輯/楊艷

Zhang Wenjin - Participating in the whole negotiation process between Zhou Enlai and G.C. Marshall

Zhang Wenjin （1914-1991） was born in Taizhou， Zhejiang province.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression， Zhang returned China after studying abroad. On the one hand， he devoted himself to the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movement; on the other hand， he completed his studies at the National Southwestern Associated University. In the second half of 1944， the CPC Central Committee decided to withdraw a batch of young students who graduated from National Southwestern Associated University to Yan'an through Chongqing in order to reserve foreign language talent for the post-war period. As the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau was in urgent need of foreign language talent， Zhang was kept to work in the Foreign Affairs Group in Chongqing.

With his stay in Chongqing， Zhang succeeded Gong Peng， which became the starting point of his diplomatic career. As Zhou Enlai's translator and secretary， Zhang Wenjin participated in the whole process of the negotiations between Zhou Enlai and U.S. presidential envoy G.C. Marshall from 1945 to 1946. With fluent English and solid Chinese language skills， he accompanied Zhou Enlai and G.C Marshall to the South and North to mediate the contradictions between KMT and CPC， successfully completed the translation task， and was deeply appreciated by Zhou Enlai.

Zhang Wenjin later recalled that when he was in Chongqing， he drafted a speech criticizing KMT's foreign policy. After reading the first draft， Zhou Enlai was not very satisfied. He told him that whether a shooter is good or bad depends not on how many bullets he fired at once， but on whether he hit the bull's-eye with one shot. Zhang suddenly found that his draft made an attempt to attack in all directions， but failed to get to the point. According to Zhou's modification opinions， he quickly revised and produced the second draft， which satisfied Zhou very much.

During the Chongqing Negotiations， when Mao Zedong met with the Canadian ambassador to China， Zhang Wenjin was selected as the translator. After the talks， Mao Zedong mistook Zhang in suit as an interpreter of the Canadian Embassy in China and praised him， "this gentleman is quite an excellent translator！" Zhang Wenjin quickly explained that he was a staff member of the Eighth Route Army Office. Mao was even more overjoyed after hearing this. Since then， Zhang Wenjin had been engaged in translation and secretarial work with Zhou Enlai from Chongqing， Shanghai， Nanjing to Yan'an.

In January 1949， after the liberation of Tianjin， Zhang Wenjin worked in the Tianjin Foreign Affairs Office. Later， he was transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs by Zhou Enlai and successively served as director of the Asia Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs， Assistant Minister， Vice Minister of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs， Chinese ambassador to the United States and president of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and was indeed the first generation of outstanding diplomat of the People's Republic of China.

（Partially provided by Party History Research Center of the CPC Chongqing Committee）

Editor/Yang Yan