吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液治療小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎的療效

陳思 劉素云 萬芳

摘 要 目的：分析在布地奈德、特布他林霧化治療的基礎上給予吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液對小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎的臨床效果。方法：將50例小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎患者隨機分為對照組（n=25）與觀察組（n=25）。兩組均給予常規治療聯合布地奈德、特布他林霧化治療，觀察組在此基礎上加用吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液霧化吸入。對比兩組治療總有效率、臨床癥狀改善時間、住院時間和藥物不良反應情況。結果：觀察組治療總有效率、癥狀改善時間和住院時間顯著優于對照組（均P<0.05）。兩組不良反應發生率無統計學差異（P>0.05）。結論：布地奈德、特布他林聯合吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液霧化吸入治療小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎的臨床效果較好，能夠提高小兒患者治療總有效率，加快小兒患者癥狀、體征緩解時間，縮短其住院的時間。

關鍵詞 布地奈德 特布他林 吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液 小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎

中圖分類號：R974.1； R725.6 文獻標志碼：B 文章編號：1006-1533（2021）19-0019-02

Effect of acetylcysteine solution for inhalation on asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia in children

CHEN Si， LIU Suyun， WAN Fang

（Department of Pediatrics， Pingxiang Peoples Hospital， Pingxiang 337055， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To analyze the clinical effect of acetylcysteine solution for inhalation on asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia in children on the basis of treatment with budesonide and terbutaline atomization therapy. Methods： Fifty children with asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia were randomly divided into a control group （n=25） and an observation group （n=25）. Both groups were given routine treatment combined with budesonide and terbutaline atomization， and then the observation group was given acetylcysteine solution for inhalation atomization besides. The overall response rate and the times for the improvement of clinical signs and symptoms， hospitalization and the incidence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups. Results： The overall response rate and the times for symptom improvement and hospitalization were significantly better in the observation group than the control group （all P<0.05）. The comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups showed no statistical significance （P>0.05）. Conclusion： Nebulized inhalation of budesonide and terbutaline combined with acetylcysteine solution for inhalation for the treatment of pediatric asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia has a good clinical effect and can improve the overall response rate， speed up the relief of symptoms and signs and shorten the hospitalization time.

KEy wORDS budesonide； terbutaline； acetylcysteine solution for inhalation； asthmatic bronchopneumonia in children

喘息性支氣管肺炎是嬰幼兒常見的肺部感染性疾病之一，在冬春寒冷季節及氣候驟然變化時發病率較高，病因較多，常見為細菌、病毒、肺炎支原體等感染引起肺組織炎癥，使患兒呼吸膜增厚，下呼吸道阻塞，進而導致患兒出現通氣與換氣障礙。發熱、咳嗽、氣喘、氣促是小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎的主要臨床表現，體征有呼吸增快、肺部哮鳴音及中細濕啰音等。小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎若得不到有效、及時的治療，則會引發呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭、彌散性血管內凝血等并發癥，威脅到患兒的生命。目前抗菌類、抗病毒類藥物是臨床治療喘息性支氣管肺炎疾病的常用方法。霧化吸入療法可直接作用于靶器官，具有起效快、療效好、全身不良反應少、不需要患者刻意配合等優勢，已成為呼吸系統疾病的重要治療手段[1]。本研究探討布地奈德、特布他林聯合吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液霧化吸入治療小兒喘息性支氣管肺炎的臨床效果，現報道如下。