Digital Education Action Plan 2021-2027 Resetting education and training for the digital age（Ⅴ）

譯題? 數(shù)字教育行動(dòng)計(jì)劃2021—2027：重置數(shù)字時(shí)代的教育和培訓(xùn)（五）

Product by European Commission? 歐盟

《數(shù)字教育行動(dòng)計(jì)劃2021—2027》是繼歐盟2018年1月發(fā)布《數(shù)字教育行動(dòng)計(jì)劃2018》之后的第二個(gè)歐盟數(shù)字教育行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。《數(shù)字教育行動(dòng)計(jì)劃2018》制定了歐盟數(shù)字教育框架，在2018至2020年推進(jìn)了11項(xiàng)教育行動(dòng)，幫助成員國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)在教育和培訓(xùn)中使用數(shù)字技術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇?！稊?shù)字教育行動(dòng)計(jì)劃2021—2027》則將重點(diǎn)放在了教育和培訓(xùn)的長(zhǎng)期數(shù)字化變革上，并提出了數(shù)字教育的長(zhǎng)期愿景。

Enhancing digital skills and competences for the digital transformation

A changing society and the transition to a green and digital economy require solid digital competences. Boosting digital skills helps increase growth and innovation and build a fairer， more cohesive， sustainable and inclusive society. Being digitally skilled and acquiring digital literacy can empower people of all ages to be more resilient， improve participation in democratic life and stay safe and secure online. In addition to digital skills， the digital economy requires also complementary skills such as adaptability， communication and collaboration skills， problem-solving， critical thinking， creativity， entrepreneurship and readiness to learn.

Digital literacy has become essential for everyday life. Education should more actively help learners to develop the ability to critically approach， filter and assess information， notably to identify disinformation and to manage overload of information as well as develop financial literacy. Countering disinformation and harmful speech through education and training is crucial for effective participation in society and democratic processes， especially by young people. More than 40% of young people consider that critical thinking， media and democracy are not ‘taught sufficiently in school.

Advanced digital skills are in high demand. The development of advanced digital skills is one of the objectives of the Digital Europe programme. In addition， the SME Strategy contributes through the Digital Volunteers and the Digital Crash Courses， targeting specifically the current workforce.

To improve the development of digital competences， the European Commission will pursue the following actions：

1.Develop common guidelines for teachers and educational staff to foster digital literacy and tackle disinformation through education and training.

2.Update the European Digital Competence Framework with a view to including AI and data-related skills. Support the development of AI learning resources for schools， VET organisations， and other training providers. Raise awareness on the opportunities and challenges of AI for education and training.

3.Develop a European Digital Skills Certificate （EDSC） that may be recognized and accepted by governments， employers and other stakeholders across Europe.

4.Propose a Council recommendation on improving the provision of digital skills in education and training. This will include using EU tools to invest in teacher professional development; exchange of best practice on instructional methods， including through a focus on inclusive high-quality computing education and fostering dialogue with industry on identifying and updating new and emerging skills needs.

5.Improve monitoring and support the cross-national collection of data on student digital skills through participation in the ICILS to better understand gaps and strengthen the evidence base for actions to address these gaps. This will include introducing an EU target for student digital competence to reduce the share of 13-14 year old students who underperform in computer and information literacy to under 15% by 2030.

6.Incentivise advanced digital skills development through targeted measures including scaling up the Digital Opportunity traineeships by extending them to VET learners and apprentices， and offering professional development opportunities for teachers， trainers and other educational staff in school， VET， adult and higher education.

7.Encourage womens participation in STEM， in cooperation with the European Institute of Innovation and Technology （EIT）; support the EU STEM Coalition to develop new higher education curricula for engineering and information and communications technology based on the STEAM approach to be more attractive for women and increase their participation and career development in STEM subjects and IT.

8.Establish a European Digital Education Hub to： support Member States by setting up a network of national advisory services on digital education to exchange experience and good practice on the enabling factors of digital education; link national and regional digital-education initiatives and strategies; and connect national authorities， the private sector， experts， education and training providers and civil society through various activities; monitor the implementation of the Action Plan and the development of digital education in Europe and share good practice; support cross-sector collaboration and new models for the seamless exchange of digital learning content; support the agile development of policy and practice.

譯文

增強(qiáng)數(shù)字技能和數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型能力

一個(gè)不斷變化的社會(huì)在向綠色和數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中需要堅(jiān)實(shí)的數(shù)字能力，提高數(shù)字技能有助于促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)和創(chuàng)新，并建立一個(gè)更公平、更有凝聚力、可持續(xù)和包容性的社會(huì)。擁有數(shù)字技能并習(xí)得數(shù)字素養(yǎng)讓所有年齡段的人都變得更有彈性，他們提高了民主生活的參與度，懂得了保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全。除了數(shù)字技能之外，數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)還需要諸如適應(yīng)能力、溝通和協(xié)作技能、解決問題能力、批判性思維、創(chuàng)造力、創(chuàng)業(yè)精神和學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備度等補(bǔ)充技能。

數(shù)字素養(yǎng)已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜夭豢缮俚囊徊糠?。教育?yīng)更積極地幫助學(xué)習(xí)者培養(yǎng)批判性地處理、過濾和評(píng)估信息的能力，特別是識(shí)別虛假信息、管理信息過載以及培養(yǎng)金融素養(yǎng)。通過教育和培訓(xùn)打擊造謠和有害言論對(duì)有效參與社會(huì)和民主進(jìn)程至關(guān)重要，尤其是年輕人，超過40%的年輕人認(rèn)為批判性思維、媒體和民主在學(xué)校沒有得到充分的教育。

先進(jìn)的數(shù)字技能極為需要。發(fā)展先進(jìn)的數(shù)字技能是數(shù)字歐洲方案的目標(biāo)之一。此外，中小企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略依據(jù)當(dāng)下的就業(yè)環(huán)境，特別期望能夠通過數(shù)字志愿者和數(shù)字速成課程做出貢獻(xiàn)。

為加快數(shù)字能力的發(fā)展，歐盟委員會(huì)將采取以下行動(dòng)：

1.為教師和教育工作人員制定通用指南，以通過教育和培訓(xùn)促進(jìn)數(shù)字素養(yǎng)和處理虛假信息。

2.更新歐洲數(shù)字能力框架，包括人工智能和數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)技能，并支持學(xué)校、職業(yè)教育與培訓(xùn)組織和其他培訓(xùn)提供者開發(fā)人工智能學(xué)習(xí)資源，提升人工智能教育與培訓(xùn)的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)意識(shí)。

3.開發(fā)一個(gè)被歐洲各國(guó)政府、雇主和其他機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)可和接受的歐洲數(shù)字技能證書（EDSC）。

4.就改善教育和培訓(xùn)中數(shù)字技能的提供提出建議。這將包括使用歐盟工具投資教師專業(yè)發(fā)展，分享高質(zhì)量計(jì)算機(jī)教育教學(xué)方法的最佳實(shí)踐，并與產(chǎn)業(yè)界合作識(shí)別和更新技能需求。

5.通過參與國(guó)際計(jì)算機(jī)和信息素養(yǎng)研究（ICILS），改進(jìn)監(jiān)測(cè)和支持跨國(guó)收集學(xué)生數(shù)字技能數(shù)據(jù)，以便更好地了解地域差距，并針對(duì)這些差距形成的根本原因采取行動(dòng)，爭(zhēng)取縮小地域差距。這將包括引入歐盟的學(xué)生數(shù)字能力目標(biāo)，力爭(zhēng)到2030年將計(jì)算機(jī)和信息素養(yǎng)表現(xiàn)不佳的13—14歲學(xué)生的比例降低到15%以下。

6.通過有針對(duì)性的措施，鼓勵(lì)高級(jí)數(shù)字技能開發(fā)，包括擴(kuò)大數(shù)字機(jī)會(huì)培訓(xùn)名額，將范圍擴(kuò)至職業(yè)教育學(xué)習(xí)者和學(xué)徒，并為教師、培訓(xùn)人員和學(xué)校、職業(yè)教育、成人和高等教育的其他教育工作人員提供專業(yè)發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)。

7.鼓勵(lì)女性與歐洲創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)學(xué)院（EIT）合作參與STEM教育建設(shè)，并支持歐盟STEM聯(lián)盟開發(fā)新的基于STEAM方法的工程和信息通信技術(shù)高等教育課程，吸引女性更多地參與STEM專業(yè)領(lǐng)域或從事IT職業(yè)。

8.建立歐洲數(shù)字教育中心。該中心將構(gòu)建數(shù)字教育國(guó)家咨詢服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，支持成員國(guó)交流數(shù)字教育促進(jìn)因素的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和良好做法;將國(guó)家和地區(qū)數(shù)字教育行動(dòng)和戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)系起來;通過各種活動(dòng)將國(guó)家當(dāng)局、私營(yíng)部門、專家、教育和培訓(xùn)提供者和公民社會(huì)聯(lián)系起來。同時(shí)，該中心將監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)字行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的實(shí)施和歐洲數(shù)字化教育的發(fā)展，并共享好的做法，支持跨部門協(xié)作和無縫交換數(shù)字學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容的新模式，支持政策和實(shí)踐敏捷開發(fā)。