芬蘭JKMM建筑師事務所

Asmo Jaaksi

Teemu Kurkela

Samuli Miettinen

Juha M?ki-Jyllil?

事務所簡介

JKMM創立于1998年，四位創始合伙人阿斯默·雅克西、郭泰睦、薩莫利·米爾蒂能和尤哈·瑪奇·吉利亞當時還是學生，因為贏得了一項大型建筑設計競賽而創辦了事務所。他們現在仍在指導事務所的創造性設計工作，帕伊維·美若能和泰莫·托伊沃是他們新的合伙人。JKMM團隊一直在擴展，但他們仍然像一個大家庭一樣一起合作。

建筑職業日益國際化，從業者們將技能輸出到世界各地。因此，建筑“全球風格”雛形初現。JKMM密切關注這些新進展，同時也不忘堅持自己作為北歐風格設計師的初心。

他們的理想或價值觀在幼時就已經根深蒂固，并在日后成就了他們。他們致力于通過建筑反映團結和開放的社會意識，解決實際常見問題。即使情況錯綜復雜，也要把注意力集中在問題本質上。通過用料和細節來彰顯精湛工藝。

他們尋求精神上的共鳴，也對建筑過程細節和建筑技術質量嚴格把關。他們認為設計應服務于人，正如阿爾瓦·阿爾托常說的那樣，設計的核心是“普通人”。所以他們格外關注建筑整體，并設立內部團隊幫助他們創造出更引人入勝的設計。此外，設計并不是可有可無，它是人們福祉和經濟繁榮的一個基本部分。

美好的事物來自于特定的環境。他們的建筑設計理念源于客戶的愿景以及他們所處的物理和社會環境。他們的設計深受北歐現代主義風格的影響，這在國內外都是一種優勢，因為這意味著建筑是存在真正的起源的。

特定地區的建筑師都希望在新的地區重新審視他們的設計原點，跟他們進行合作，令人振奮的事情將會出現。歷史經驗也證明了這一點，外地輸入建筑的本地化詮釋給人們帶來了引人注目且深受喜愛的建筑。在JKMM，作為來自赫爾辛基的建筑師，在當今的相似交流中看到了巨大的機遇。

幸福的建筑配方

JKMM致力于設計具有社會責任感的建筑。他們設計能增加社會幸福度的建筑。芬蘭是世界上最幸福的國家，但是幸福從社會的何處而來呢？

可持續發展社會的基石是由商業和技術，文化、知識和健康是下一個層次。可持續發展社會的最高水平就是幸福，幸福是JKMM在設計可持續發展的社會時希望達到的目標。

建筑師一直是創造芬蘭的幸福建筑的關鍵 。芬蘭JKMM建筑師事務所在過去的20多年間持續地設計建造著芬蘭式的幸福建筑。

設計理念

師法自然：芬蘭是被自然環繞的國家，從芬蘭首都赫爾辛基市中心步行15分鐘就可以接近純凈的湖泊島嶼及原始的森林，大自然所蘊含的各種形態及豐富創造是他們設計的靈感來源。

人性化設計：建筑需要尊重包括小人兒的需求，JKMM的建筑是人性化的，并強調是為使用者而設計。在尋找新的設計方案時需要同理心，而同理心可以幫助人們解決現代社會所面臨的最大挑戰。

整體設計：不論設計尺度大小，JKMM都喜歡去創造整體性的空間環境。這也是為何他們將最優秀的建筑師和室內設計師整合在一個團隊里，這樣以確保有最好的建成效果。

少說多做：世界上可以分成兩類人，一類人負責說話，一類人負責做事。JKMM愿意成為后者，最終的作品才是最重要的，這也是為何他們注重控制整個建造過程，并深入去了解材料、節點及工藝。

定制設計：JKMM沒有標準的設計方法或風格，他們的設計富有創造力且靈活多變，就像爵士樂，他們為所有的項目設計定制化的方案。

直擊本質：建筑競賽以最優秀的創意取勝，在競賽中我們試圖定義及發現最本質的設計問題。他們充滿熱情地去尋找本質，并已創造過上百種新理念。

簡潔而智慧：JKMM已經從過去的經驗中學到，最好的方案通常是最簡潔的方案。而簡潔是在深入了解設計問題并找到智慧的解決方法后才能達到的。

事務所訪談

導報：您認為北歐建筑師心目中的設計的原始理想是什么？

Teemu：對于我和JKMM建筑事務所而言，最原始的想法是建筑應當能夠增加社會幸福感。所有北歐建筑師都是為了幸福感，各自在他們所在的國家里建設基礎設施。

導報：請您談談您心目中北歐建筑的特點。

Teemu：我認為北歐建筑師最看重這三個因素：自然、人和傳統。

-尊重自然，由自然產生靈感并革新自然；

-設計源于人們的需要，目的是改善人們的生活；

-北歐建筑設計有著悠久的傳統，它可以被稱為“現代的遺產”。

導報：最喜歡的、對自己影響最大的建筑師是誰？

Teemu：那大概是阿爾瓦·阿爾托和路易斯·巴拉干。

導報：最近哪個建筑議題最讓你關注？

Teemu：如何使用木料來建造建筑。

導報：您平時創作的靈感主要來源于哪些地方？比如創作上海世博會芬蘭館“冰壺”。

Teemu：靈感可以來自任何地方，我認為我們每個人在我們的頭腦里都有一個儲存過去經驗的“記憶銀行”。通常，在大自然里最好的想法會浮現。

導報：您的在大部分設計過程中主要的設計理念是什么？它是如何形成的？與您的工作經歷和生活有沒有關系？

Teemu：我認為建筑是一個能夠在各尺度上體驗的整體環境，從親密度到沉浸度。這就是為什么我認為設計團隊需要結合所有人的天賦：建筑師，工程師，室內設計師，平面設計師，藝術家等。

導報：您最得意的作品是哪一個項目？得意之處是什么？

Teemu：我自己的200年歷史農舍翻新項目，可能因為它是我所參與的項目里有最長使用年限的那個。當然，“赫爾辛基舞蹈之家”也是近來值得關注的項目。

導報：之前在對貴事務所的資料搜集中，大概了解了一些您的項目，我們想更進一步了解事務所目前的工作情況，以及未來的專業規劃。

Teemu：在JKMM，我們很開心能夠接觸包括博物館，圖書館，學校等很多項目。我認為我們未來致力于關注更多的文化建筑。

導報：最近除了設計外，花最多精力的活動是什么？

Teemu：瑜伽。我幾乎每天都在練習阿斯湯加瑜伽（Ashtanga Yoga）。

導報：您覺得未來城市建筑發展的趨勢和潮流是什么？

Teemu：傳統上，我們建設社會時只優先商業和科技。建筑是這發展中一部分，然而只是最低水平。為了社會繁榮，社區需要將擁抱文化、知識和社會福利當做更高目標。我認為當我們在建設可持續發展的社會時，幸福感應該是我們的目標。導報：您是否有一些建議給中國正在學習建筑的學生們？

Teemu：建筑學是擁有最好可能的專業，嘗試每次貢獻一個小細節，一個小項目。

導報：您對當今中國建筑和建筑師的看法。

Teemu：年輕有天分的中國建筑師有著巨大的潛能。

導報：您對當代世界建筑發展狀況的看法。

Teemu：我們正在經歷和病毒搏斗的艱難時期。接下來，可能是時候去重新衡量我們的價值體系了。我希望“幸福”會成為國家政策和城市發展的目標。

Firm Pro fiIe

JKMM was founded in 1998 after the four founders, at the time still students, won a major architectural competition. Asmo Jaaksi, Teemu Kurkela, Samuli Miettinen and Juha M?ki-Jyllil? still guide the creative work at JKMM. P?ivi Meuronen and Teemu Toivio are our new partners. JKMM is growing, but we still work together as a big family.

Architecture is increasingly an international profession with practitioners exporting their skills around the world. As a result, there is now a recognisable “global style” of architecture. At JKMM, we follow such developments closely whilst remaining firmly rooted in some of the long-held ideals of Scandinavian designers.

Such ideals or values were ingrained in us from an early age and continue be a part of who we are as architects. We design buildings that engender a sense of solidarity and an open society, buildings that look for practical, common sense solutions; even when complex, by focussing on the essential. Our buildings celebrate craftsmanship through their materiality and details.

Ours is an approach to architecture that is both about empathy and a concern for the nitty gritty of the construction process and the technical quality of buildings. We understand design as an inherently humane task, one that has the “little man”, as Alvar Aalto used to say, at its heart. This is why we are interested in buildings as a whole and have an interiors team who support us in our quest to make participatory and welcoming places. We also see design, not as something extra, but as a fundamental part of well-being as well as economic prosperity.

Good things come from specific circumstances. Our buildings are informed by the vision of our individual clients and by their physical and social contexts. And our work is informed by a distinctly Scandinavian sensibility. We recognise this as a strength both at home and internationally because it means the architecture has real provenance.

By working with architects who are of a particular place yet want to revisit their origins in new geographies, exciting things can happen. History tells us so and the many local interpretations of imported architecture have given us some of the most compelling and loved buildings. At JKMM, as architects from Helsinki, we see great opportunity in similar exchanges today.

Recipes for Happiness

JKMM aims to make architecture with social responsibility. They design buildings,which can help to increase happiness society. Finland is the happiest country in the world. But where does happiness come from in society?

The base level of sustainable society is built by business and technology. Culture,Knowledge and Wellbeing are the next, higher level. The highest level of sustainable society is happiness.

Happiness is the goal we aim to achieve when designing a sustainable society.Architects has been the key in creating infrastucture for happiness in Finland. JKMM Architects have been building Finnish happiness for more than 20 years.

Design principIes

Inspired by Nature: We are surrounded by nature. In Helsinki, our capital, you can find archipelagos and forests just 15 minutes from the city center. The shapes and innovations of mother nature inspire us in our design work.

Human touch: Architecture should always respect the “small person”. Our buildings share a human touch and they are crated for people. Empathy is needed to develop new solutions and it can help solve the key challenges of our society.

Total design: We like to create holistic environments no matter the scale. This is why we put the best architects and interior architects on the same team to ensure the best end results.

Less talk: The world is dived into two groups: those who do the talk, and those who get stuff done. We believe in latter. The built work is what counts the most. This is why we focus on mastering the constructions process, understanding the materials,details, craftsmanship.

Tailor made: We don’t use standard methods and styles. Our approach is creative and flexible, just like jazz music. We create a bespoke solution for every one of our projects.Hidden essential: Architectural competitions are won by the best concepts. In competitions, we aim to define and discover the essential. We have created hundreds of new concepts, we have a passion for hidden essential.

Simple and intelligent: We have learnt to recognize the good idea because they are usually the most simple ones. Simplicity is achieved through a deep understanding of the problem and an intelligent approach to solving it.

An Interview with JKMM

WARA: What do you think is the original ideal of design in the minds of Nordic architects?

Teemu: For me and JKMM Architects, the original idea is that architecture should increase happiness in the society. All Nordic architects are building infrastructure for happiness, each in their own country.

WARA: Could you tell us the characteristics of Nordic architecture in your mind?

Teemu: I think Nordic architecture values these three: nature, people and tradition:

-respecting nature, being inspired by nature and innovating with nature

-design starts with needs of people, aims to improve their life

-Nordic architecture has a long tradition of making modern design and architecture, it can be called ”modern heritage"

WARA: Who is your favorite architect and who has the most in fluence on you?

Teemu: Possibly Alvar Aalto and Louis Barragan.

WARA: Which architectural issue has caught your attention recently?

Teemu: How to build buildings out of timber.

WARA: Where do you usually get inspiration for your creative work? Such as creating the "curling" of the Finnish pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo.

Teemu: Inspiration can come from anywhere, I think each of us has a ”memory bank” of experiences inside our heads. Often in nature, the best ideas emerge.

WARA: What is your main design philosophy in most of the design process? How did it come about? Does it have anything to do with your work experience and life?

Teemu: I see architecture as a holistic environment that can be experienced at all scales ranging from the intimate to the immersive. This is why I think design teams should combine the talents of everyone: architects, engineers, interior designers,graphic designers, artists etc.

WARA: Which project are you most proud of? What makes you proud?

Teemu: My own 200 year old farmhouse renovation, because maybe it will have the longest life span of any project I have been involved with. Also ”House of Dance Helsinki” has been a rewarding project lately.

WARA: In the collection of your information before, We probably know some of your projects. We want to know more about your current work situation and your future professional planning.

Teemu: At JKMM, we are happy to work with many projects: Museums, libraries,schools… I think we aim to focus even more in cultural buildings in the future.

WARA: In addition to design, what activities have you spent the most energy on recently?

Teemu: Yoga, I practice ashtanga yoga almost every day.

WARA: What do you think are the trends and trends in the future development of urban architecture?

Teemu: Traditionally we build societies only prioritising business and technology.Architecture is part of this development. Yet, this is only the base level. To thrive,communities need to aim higher, towards embracing Culture, Knowledge and Wellbeing. I think the goal could be happiness when designing a sustainable society.

WARA: Do you have any suggestions for students who are studying architecture in China?

Teemu: Architecture is the best possible profession, try to make your own contribution one detail and project at the time.

WARA: What do you think of the Chinese architecture and architects today?

Teemu: There is great potential in the young talent of Chinese architects.

WARA: What do you think of the state of architecture development in the contemporary world?

Teemu: We are living through difficult times at the moment with virus. Perhaps it is time to re-evaluate our values next. I hope ”Happiness" could become the goal of public policy and how to develop cities.

2020迪拜世博會芬蘭館，阿拉伯聯合酋長國迪拜 Finland Pavilion DUBAI EXPO 2020, Dubai, The United Arab Emirates