《日出·印象》遠行的背后

李君娜

2020年9月16日下午，上海外灘的中山東一路1號Bund One Art Museum人頭攢動，人們都為同一個“明星”而來——印象派開山之作、莫奈的《日出·印象》。這是“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展的預展現場，也是這幅美術史上的名作創作近150年以來首次來到中國展出。

展覽由上海新華發行集團有限公司、上海天協文化發展有限公司攜手法國巴黎馬摩丹莫奈博物館聯合主辦，展至2021年1月3日。

下午4點，“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展的預展“開門”，等待已久的觀眾按捺不住內心的激動，直奔名作而去。在《日出·印象》的展出櫥窗前，參觀者絡繹不絕。“雖然在很多出版物上都見過這幅畫，但能夠親眼見到真跡，還是太震撼了。”這是觀眾沈女士的真切感受。

印象派是西方繪畫史上具有劃時代意義的藝術流派，法國藝術家克勞德·莫奈的《日出·印象》作為印象派繪畫的開山之作，在莫奈的作品乃至整個印象派作品中都是無與倫比的。這幅虛幻的風景畫創作于1872年，和莫奈數量頗多的“睡蓮”作品相比，因為僅此一件，更顯珍貴。

1872年11月，莫奈下榻勒阿弗爾的拉米勞特酒店。從他房間的窗口望出去，東南外港的清晨景色躍入眼簾。左右兩側是勒布瓦碼頭和施工中的庫爾貝碼頭的朦朧輪廓，中間則是通向厄爾港池的跨大西洋船閘所在地。起重機、煙囪和桅桿在秋日晨霧中若隱若現。這幅畫作，莫奈只花了幾個小時就完成了，他用靈活的處理方式將稍縱即逝的景象留在了畫布上。

更難得的是，《日出·印象》觸碰了學院派的界限，使人們的審美觀念發生了轉變，推動了美術觀念和繪畫技法的革新，也以其多重的意義成為西方藝術史上劃時代的巨作。

疫情期間的藝術“接力賽”

此次展覽，也是《日出·印象》這幅作品創作近150年以來首次來到中國。

《日出·印象》畫作來自法國巴黎馬摩丹莫奈博物館，該館是全世界收藏莫奈作品最多的博物館。這些莫奈藏品，絕大部分來自莫奈兒子米歇爾的捐贈，米歇爾向該博物館捐贈了超過100幅作品以及莫奈的故居和吉維尼花園。但作為鎮館之寶，法國巴黎馬摩丹莫奈博物館很少出借《日出·印象》。

為了能讓它來到中國，策展方天協文化總經理謝定偉整整籌劃了6年。2014年，天協文化曾在上海舉辦過一場莫奈展，謝定偉說：“當時，展覽展出了包括《睡蓮》在內的莫奈的其他作品。在世界范圍內，莫奈展很少能展出《日出·印象》。但我一直希望能把它帶到中國展出。”

“原先我們計劃于2020年3月舉辦一場名為‘莫奈與印象派大師的展覽，由于疫情而推遲到明年。”謝定偉說：“歐美疫情之下，法國各博物館紛紛閉館，也包括馬摩丹莫奈博物館。《日出·印象》也因此出現了一個展期的空檔。館方終于同意外借《日出·印象》。于是我們緊急策劃了這場以《日出·印象》為主題的展覽。”

從4月正式啟動工作，到9月17日正式展出，這樣一場特展涉及的工作量是巨大的，而留給這場展覽的時間幾乎捉襟見肘。謝定偉用“夜以繼日”來形容這場“接力賽”，“尤其是疫情期間，光是等策展人、館長的簽證就花了兩三個月。”

最艱難的是《日出·印象》安全抵達上海的過程。“按照西方博物館的普遍要求，這種重量級的藝術品，空運時必須由押運員全程押運。特殊時期，館方做了大量配合工作。從法國運到盧森堡，再上飛機，拍照、編號，飛機上再指定專人來保護看管，然后落地上海，再拍照、確認，一路上，全靠機場人員、海關等提供保障。”謝定偉說。

而更懸的還在后面。直到9月15日中午11點，法國館方布展人員才結束了按規定的隔離時間。此時，距離9月4日下午16點的預展也不過是一天多的時間，而能留給團隊布展的時間更少。“包括燈光、掛畫、貼牌等等，所有的工作都要在這么短的時間內完成。”

9月16日凌晨4點，布展結束。4個多月來，謝定偉一直懸著的那顆心終于落定。

不止有真跡，還有沉浸式展區

預展現場絡繹不絕的人流，足以證明這幅畫作在中國觀眾中的受歡迎程度。所以一切的辛苦都是值得的。

展覽突破了以往畫展的普遍表現形式，創造性地采用現代科技投影方式打造光影互動體驗展區，從視覺、聽覺以及空間體驗感等，全方位地重現了這幅杰作背后的創作故事。

我在預展現場看到，沉浸式展區會隨著時間的推移不斷地變換空間，化為一望無垠的海港、乘風破浪的船只，抑或是冉冉升起的紅日。“印象派繪畫的精髓與高科技的終極融合，讓觀眾仿佛暢游在莫奈夢幻的藝術世界。這堪稱一場美妙絕倫的流動視覺盛宴。”一位觀眾說。

以《日出·印象》為主題的本次展覽，共展出47件作品，其中有9件是借展于法國巴黎馬摩丹莫奈博物館館藏的莫奈油畫作品。9件莫奈作品中，除了《日出·印象》之外，還有《倫敦查令十字橋，霧靄中的煙氣·印象》《傍晚的帆船》《特魯維爾海邊》《特魯維爾沙灘上的卡米爾》等莫奈的經典力作。

同時，展覽還呈現了抽象畫派大師維琪·科隆貝特（Vicky Colombet）和具象畫派大師熱拉爾·弗朗格（Gérard Fromanger）的作品，這些精選的畫作是當代藝術與印象派共鳴的見證，與展覽主題交相輝映。觀眾將能從他們充滿張力的筆觸中，感受到當代藝術家對莫奈和印象主義的再思考以及濃郁的異域風情。

為了讓大家更深刻地感知大師風采，主辦方還結合莫奈的藝術創作元素，推出了百余種文創藝術衍生品。這些做工精細的衍生品，兼具藝術屬性和實用價值。獨家限量發行的展覽圖錄，也讓熱愛藝術的觀眾心動不已。

與此同時，由TEAM WANG和“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展跨界合作的藝術概念空間“TEAM WANG×MONET”，在9月17日現身Bund One Art Museum三樓，這也是“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展的首次藝術跨界。此外，主辦方還精心策劃了“莫奈尖叫之夜”。

Impression， Sunrise

Debuts in Shanghai

By Li Junna

The afternoon of September 16， 2020 witnessed a large crowd of visitors flock to Bund One Art Museum in Shanghai where by French impressionism master Claude Monet was exhibited for the first time in China. It was the premiere of the exhibition， which officially started on September 17. Visitors came to take a look at the rare artwork. It was the first ever time the masterwork was shown in China since its birth about 150 years ago.

The exhibition， jointly presented by Xinhua Distribution Group and Tix-Media in Shanghai and the Marmottan Monet Museum in Paris， will go through January 3， 2021.

is loaned from the Marmottan Monet Museum in Paris， which houses the worlds biggest collection of works by Claude Monet. Michel， the son of the impressionist master， donated over 100 artworks by his father， to the museum.

The masterpiece is rarely loaned from the Marmottan Monet Museum for a reason： this is the painting that helped give the impressionist movement its name.

In order to bring the masterpiece to China， Xie Dingwei， CEO of Tix-Media based in Shanghai had worked six years. In 2014， Tix-Media held an exhibition of Monets works in Shanghai， featuring and other works. Unlike Waterlilies， which is an ensemble of paintings under the same title， Impression， Sunrise is a one-piece rarity. It is very difficult to make arrangements for the masterpiece to be exhibited outside of France. Xie had wanted to bring it to China for a long time.

Tix-Media had scheduled to hold an exhibition in Shanghai in March 2020 to featuring Monet and other impressionist masters. Due to the outbreak of the pandemic， the exhibition is postponed to 2021. As museums in France stayed lockdown in Europe， however， there appeared a time window for ?for an exhibition in Shanghai. Through a series of negotiations， the Marmottan Monet Museum agreed to loan the masterpiece to Shanghai. Tix-Media acted immediately.

The preparations for the special exhibition started in April. It was a tremendous project. There was no time to waste. It took more than two months to get visas done. The most difficult part of the project was to ship the masterpiece all the way from France to Shanghai without a hitch. According to security requirements of western museums， such a masterpiece must be accompanied by security supervisors all the way. Unfortunately， it was not likely to get visas for individuals during the pandemic. So a series of measures were designed and put into place. The masterpiece traveled by plane from France， Luxemburg and Shanghai. Though the protection was well coordinated and arranged， the exhibition organizers were worried. And they had every reason to worry more. It was not until 11 oclock at the noon of September 15 that the French exhibition workers from the Marmottan Monet Museum came out of a must-do quarantine. Only about a day was left before the premiere. The organizers worked most busily until 4 oclock on the morning of September 16 when the exhibition was ready. It was not until then that Xie Dingwei rest assured.

With ?Sunrise as the centerpiece， the exhibition at the Bund in Shanghai features 47 original works， including nine paintings by Monet such as ?and works by abstract artist Vicky Colombet and Gérard Fromanger associated with Figuration Narrative. Vicky Colombet is best known for her works abstract and suggestive of landscapes， of topographies， the erosion of the Earth and its ephemeral elements， whereas Gérard Fromanger is celebrated for his colorful， multimedia street scenes featuring the silhouettes of anonymous pedestrians.

The exhibition organizers have planned a series of events designed to take place as the exhibition unfolds. The exhibition is supported by French Consulate General in Shanghai and Shanghai Association for Cultural Exchange with Foreign Countries.