2018年林芝市疾控系統慢性病防控能力調查

黃倩 白國霞 巴桑卓嘎 李寧

[摘要] 目的 了解西藏自治區林芝市各級疾病預防控制中心（疾控系統）慢性非傳染性疾病預防控制（慢性病防控）能力現狀，為加強全市慢性病防控能力建設、制定慢性病防控相關政策提供依據。方法 利用2018年林芝市及其轄區縣疾控預防控制中心慢性病與營養重點工作進展報表的數據，用SPSS 20.0統計學軟件進行描述性分析。結果 全市各級疾病預防控制中心共有專職慢性病防控人員13名，其中市級、縣級疾病預防控制中心均數分別為3.00名、1.34名;全市慢性病防控工作經費占年度重大公共衛生服務項目工作經費的比例為7.01%;7個縣級疾病預防控制中心均開展了慢性病監測和干預，但開展項目不全。結論 林芝市慢性病防控能力較薄弱，應增加各級疾控機構慢性病防控專職人員數量和慢性病防控工作經費，加大慢性病監測和干預力度。

[關鍵詞] 疾控系統;慢性病;防控能力;林芝市

[中圖分類號] R19 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654（2020）08（a）-0186-03

[Abstract] Objective To understand the current status of chronic non-communicable disease prevention and control （chronic disease prevention and control） capabilities at all levels of disease prevention and control centers （disease control system） in Linzhi City， Tibet Autonomous Region， and to provide for strengthening the citys chronic disease prevention and control capacity building and formulating related policies in accordance with. Methods Using the data from the chronic disease and nutrition key work progress report of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Linzhi City and its jurisdiction in 2018， SPSS 20.0 statistical saftware was used for descriptive analysis. Results There are 13 full-time chronic disease prevention and control personnel in the disease prevention and control centers at all levels in the city， of which the average number of municipal and county disease prevention and control centers was 3.00 and 1.34 respectively; the citys chronic disease prevention and control work expenditure accounts for the annual major public health service projects proportion of funds was 7.01%; 7 county-level disease prevention and control centers had all carried out chronic disease monitoring and intervention， but the projects are incomplete. Conclusion Linzhi City's ability to prevent and control chronic diseases is relatively weak. The number of full-time personnel for chronic disease prevention and control at all levels of disease control agencies and the funding for chronic disease prevention and control should be increased， and the monitoring and intervention of chronic diseases should be increased.

[Key words] Disease control system; Chronic diseases; Prevention and control capabilities; Linzhi city

慢性非傳染性疾病又稱慢性病，是指病情發展緩慢、持續時間長的疾病。當前慢性病已成為威脅我國居民生命健康的最主要公共衛生問題之一。西藏居民因慢性病死亡占全人群死因的76.27%，前5位死因順序分別為腦血管病、呼吸系統疾病、心臟病、消化系統疾病和惡性腫瘤[1]。林芝市居民因慢性病死亡約占全人群死因的60%，全人群死因前5位分別為心臟病、腦血管疾病、意外傷害、惡性腫瘤和消化系統疾病[2]。慢性病防控人力、經費資源及開展慢性病防控項目是了解一個地區慢性病防控能力的重要因素，而疾控系統是慢性病防控工作的中堅力量，對推動相關工作有十分重要的作用[3-4]。慢性病預防控制能力評估重要性日益顯著[5]。為了解林芝市各級疾病預防控制中心（以下簡稱疾控中心）慢性病防控能力現狀，掌握慢性病防治的制約因素與需求，發現目前慢性病防控工作中的不足，以加強全市慢性病防控能力建設，并為制定慢性病防控相關政策提供依據，現對2018年林芝市疾控系統慢性病防控能力進行調查，報道如下。