Reading and Optional Choices閱讀七選五

根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

1

Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air. However， a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run.

Many people say running in winter can be difficult. One reason is the low temperature.? Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather. That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather， your heart rate and the bodys dehydration （脫水） levels are lower than in warmer conditions.

This information comes from John Brewer， who is a professor of applied sports science at St. Marys University. For this study， he and other researchers put a group of people into a special room. The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room.? Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements of the runners.

He says that the most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Wear gloves on your hands.? And especially， wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin.

A. The other reason is the bitter winds.

B. We have good reasons to run in winter.

C. Wear shoes that will keep you from falling.

D. Dont be nervous when you run in cold weather.

E. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather.

F. In fact， running in cold weather helps improve ones performance.

G. The test subjects were asked to run 10，000 meters under both conditions each.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

2

Have you ever had a wonderful idea and thought it would make a great invention， but didnt know what to do next？? They will help you make your dreams come true and become a famous inventor in America.

The first thing that you should do is to do some research on the Internet to see if anyone else has invented it. If not， you should search through the US Patent （專利） information to see if a patent was ever created for your type of invention.

The easiest thing to do is working with a company that can help you to make your dreams a reality. It can help you present your ideas and get your product to the right companies. One company that is very reputable is “Lambert and Lambert in Minnesota”.? If they think your product is marketable， they will help you to get it to the right company.

Call the company and make an appointment. You will want to bring in a model of your invention and a complete description of your ideas.? Then when you meet with them， you can present it and they will tell you how marketable it is. If they decide to help you， they will work to present it to different companies and help you to go to the next step.

Once your invention has been sold to a large company， get ready to get the benefits of becoming the next great inventor.

But the benefits are worth the wait.

A. It may take a year or two.

B. You may be the next inventor.

C. Here are some steps that you can take.

D. They offer free advice for good ideas.

E. If there is no patent， go to the next step.

F. Write down exactly about your invention.

G. You will find something new on the Internet.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

3

Many kids go to day camps during summer. Day camps can be a lot of fun， but the activities are familiar.? It might take you a little while to get familiar with the place. But you come home every night， just like you do during the school year.

Sleep-away camp offers more excitement because youll be there all day and night. Its a kind of vacation， but without your parents. Youll probably sleep in a tent with other kids attending the camp.? Youll probably eat together in the open air and youll have to share the food with the other kids. Some sleep-away camps are for both boys and girls， which means that there are both boys and girls at the camp.? Often these all-girl and all-boy camps meet up for some special purposes.

Usually， the camp mails out information to your family before you go.? Most of all， youll also probably need to bring a health report. Let coaches know about any health problem you have. Just like any vacation， youll need to pack a bag full of the clothes.? Food is generally provided， but you might need some extra money for snacks or other small expenses.

A. So youll know what to bring.

B. You may miss your parents at night.

C. Youll learn how to get along with others.

D. Other camps are just for girls or just for boys.

E. Your parents should not worry about your food.

F. Youll need to change clothes while youre there.

G. You start camp in the morning and go home in the afternoon.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

4

Social relationships can make a positive influence on the choices people make about their health and the support others provide can help people successfully face challenges.? To strengthen a relationship， both parties need to put time and effort into developing it and making it stronger.

Make the effort to be involved.

Without active involvement， personal relationships can stop. If you dont make the effort to communicate， relate to one another， and be an active presence in each others lives， you could potentially lose the connection and understanding you once had.

Take responsibility for yourself.

In healthy and strong relationships， each person takes responsibility for personal feelings and needs. It means that instead of expecting that the other person will make you happy or feel loved， you learn to do this for yourself.? Blaming is a major source of discord （不和諧） in relationships.

Its important to make your partner or family members happy， but you shouldnt be doing so at the expense of your own wants and needs. Dont be afraid to develop your own interests.

View your relationship as a journey.

All relationships are works in progress.? Its valuable to think of a relationship as a journey that moves forward. If a relationship is truly important to you， you should give it up under no circumstances.

A. Set healthy boundaries.

B. Sacrifice yourself for the better of others.

C. Call， talk and see each other on a regular basis.

D. Join your friends if they invite you to do what you like.

E. Dont blame someone else for things that are upsetting you.

F. Theres nothing you can do to suddenly create a strong relationship.

G. These benefits make it important to pay attention to the relationships you have with others.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

5

Put on a New Set of Glasses for a New View

Today I visited San Franciscos modern art museum. I was there to see a new exhibit about spaceflight.? I like to “visit” this particular painting every time I go to the museum not only because it evokes （喚起） strong feelings， but because I always find something new.

Theres real pleasure to be found in revisiting a museum， replaying a game or rewatching a movie. Some of that enjoyment comes from the feeling of familiarity， of course.? Theres always plenty more to see， hear， taste， smell， feel， or understand the second or third time around. But how do you discover the exciting new thing in the familiar？

One way is approaching whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that you didnt see in the first time around. First， recognize that everything is always changing.? Second， remove judgment from the experience， if possible， and just observe whats new.

That could mean removing sugar， coffee， a certain kind of media from your life for a specified time. Once the break is over， that same thing will have more of its former interest or excitement.? So its true that novelty is fun， but given enough of a break in between， repeated experiences regain that initial excitement.

A. Repeated experiences like this are valuable.

B. Visiting a new country brings fresh experience.

C. Coffee will never taste better if you quit it for a month.

D. But the piece of art that made me cry was a familiar one.

E. But it also comes from noticing new things in what is so familiar.

F. So the second experience is never exactly the same as the first one.

G. Another way is changing your routine and taking a break of some kind.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

6

Curling （冰壺運動） is a winter sport， played on ice. Therefore， its most popular in northern countries like Canada. Curling is played in the USA by about 15，000 people.? Scottish winters were long and there were few forms of entertainment. So people began making a sport out of sliding heavy stones on the frozen lakes. The game spread， and in the 1700s curling clubs formed. Then Scottish soldiers brought it to North America.

Men， women， and children often compete on the same team， if they can slide a forty-pound stone down the ice！ Both teams slide their stones toward the same goal. After all 16 stones have been cast， the team whose stone has slid closest to the goal gets one point.

The ice is so smooth and the stone is so heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a throw can make the stone slide much too far or stop too suddenly.? Water helps the stone slide， but it can also change the stones path.

In curling， a broom is part of each players equipment. A good curler must know how much force to use. The player must know the exact conditions of the ice on the court.? That may explain why the international Olympic Committee decided to make curling an Olympic sport in 1998.

A. Players compete on the court.

B. Curling is played by teams of four people.

C. Then the play begins in the other direction.

D. In other words， a good curler must be a fine athlete.

E. The rules are easy to learn， but playing the game is hard.

F. The melting of the ice makes things tough for the curlers.

G. Curling probably began in Scotland in the 1500s or earlier.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

7

Many college students dont know what theyre missing by not taking part in the student clubs and organizations that are offered at most colleges and universities. Taking part in one can be a rich and rewarding experience.? Check them out and see whats available. Here are a few reasons why you should take part in student clubs and organizations.

◇ Meet new people.

It can be hard to meet new people in college， especially in your first year.

However， in a club， youll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest.

◇ Help your major.

There are many student clubs and organizations for different majors and departments. Such clubs can be a lot of fun as well as a great academic resource for you. By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments.

◇ Learn important leadership skills.

Student clubs and organizations can be a good way to learn important leadership skills that would look great on job applications.? These skills could be event planning， finance management， and so on. Find a club that you love being a part of and if you work hard you might be able to gain such a position.

◇

Lastly， student clubs and organizations can simply be a lot of fun. Make sure to take advantage of student clubs and organizations to make the most out of your time in college！

A. Have fun.

B. Never waste energy.

C. Class sizes can be big.

D. Take advantage of your major.

E. So dont just walk past those tables during clubs week.

F. In a club， you will be able to gain other important skills.

G. And you might even get access to study help and other academic advice.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

8

The negative thoughts inside your head can hold you back from making new friends， connecting with colleagues or sharing your brilliant ideas in meetings. For some people， these negative thoughts become too powerful and require professional attention.? The following are some tips to quiet your inner critic.

Label the voice. The voice does not define you. Just identify it as an independent entity （實體） and give it a name. Call it your unreliable speaker， your negative Nelly or your passive Bob.

Slow your breathing to calm your thoughts. Negative thinking can do a lot on your central nervous system， causing you to react physically.? Whatever your response―shaky hands， trembling voice， sweaty brow—a slow breathing in and a slower breathing out will help comfort the central nervous system.

Its just a thought， and its just not that important—its irrational after all！? You dont realize youre empowering those thoughts， getting into a tug of war （拔河比賽） with them. You can choose to accept its presence in the moment and trust that it will pass.

All in all， dont let that voice in your head tell you what to do.

A. Dont waste energy fighting it.

B. Trust that the thought will pass.

C. Calm your central nervous system.

D. For others， these negative thoughts will pass very soon.

E. Naming the voice almost turns it into someone else talking.

F. Have you ever started getting negative thoughts and suddenly felt physically bad too？

G. For the majority， simple ways can stop them discouraging you from connecting with others.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______