王輝 劉愛芬 王曉鵬
摘要:急性胰腺炎(AP)是臨床常見的急腹癥,由于胰腺受損,胰島細胞發生炎癥反應而死亡,導致胰腺功能障礙,甚至功能喪失。而胰島素分泌不足及胰島素抵抗均會造成血糖代謝紊亂,影響患者的日常生活和身體健康。目前,多項研究顯示胰島素抵抗(IR)是AP后新發糖代謝紊亂的主要機制,其中AP后促炎細胞因子、脂質代謝與IR密切相關,且胰腺功能不全也可能是AP后糖代謝紊亂的因素。本文就AP后糖代謝紊亂的影響因素、AP與IR的關系、AP與胰腺功能不全的關系進行綜述,以期為預防臨床AP后新發糖代謝紊亂提供理論依據。
關鍵詞:急性胰腺炎;糖代謝紊亂;血糖;糖尿病
中圖分類號:R576? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼:A? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2020.19.012
文章編號:1006-1959(2020)19-0038-03
Abstract:Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common clinical acute abdomen. Due to the damage of the pancreas, the islet cells die due to inflammation, leading to pancreatic dysfunction and even loss of function. Insufficient insulin secretion and insulin resistance can cause blood glucose metabolism disorders, affecting the daily life and health of patients. At present, many studies have shown that insulin resistance is the main mechanism of new glucose metabolism disorders after AP, and proinflammatory cytokines and lipid metabolism are closely related to IR, and pancreatic dysfunction may also be a factor of glucose metabolism disorder after AP. This article reviews the influencing factors of glucose metabolism disorders after AP and the relationship between AP and IR, in order to provide a theoretical basis for preventing new glucose metabolism disorders after clinical AP.
Key words:Acute pancreatitis;Glucose metabolism disorder;Blood sugar;Diabetes
急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)是常見消化系統疾病之一,主要特征是胰酶活性增強,胰腺局部產生大量炎癥因子,血糖水平也顯著升高。有報道指出[1],AP后多會發生代謝紊亂,尤其是AP后新發糖尿病前期或糖尿病發生率高達40%。徐詩欽等[2]研究顯示,AP后患糖尿病風險增加2倍。以上研究均提示與正常人群比較,AP后患者發生糖代謝紊亂風險更高。但目前對AP后新發糖尿病潛在的機制、影響因素研究較少。隨著臨床不斷的深入研究,近年來研究表明[3],AP后糖尿病機制可能比單純因為胰腺壞死引起的胰島機械性破壞更復雜。曹鈺等[4]研究中提出,胰島素抵抗(IR)是AP后新發糖尿病獨立危險因素。IR是肥胖、糖尿病、代謝綜合征等多種慢性代謝紊亂的基礎,而其發生主要組織為脂肪組織、肝臟以及骨骼肌。……