從及物性系統角度分析《最藍的眼睛》中克羅地亞姐妹

張德芳

摘? 要：基于系統功能語法的研究理論，本文著重分析了莫里森的處女作《最藍的眼睛》中克羅地亞姐妹的及物性特征。即文本的語意是如何通過語言特征表現出來的。

關鍵詞：系統功能語法;及物性;最藍的眼睛

Transitivity Analysis of Claudia Sisters in the Bluest Eye

Abstract：Based on functional stylistic linguistics，this article aims to have a transitivity analysis of Claudia sisters in the Bluest Eye，Morrisons first novel.Thematic meaning is fully developed by the language features.

Key words：functional stylistic linguistics，transitivity，the Bluest Eye

The functional stylistic analysis presented in this thesis has been founded on the work by the social semiotic linguist M.A.K.Halliday.Through the work of Halliday and his associates，systemic functional linguistics has been developed to be an effective and useful framework for language study，Which considers language as meaning potential resources.

The Bluest Eye is Tony Morrisons first novel，published in 1970 when she was thirty-nine.Most of the novel is narrated by a young black girl，Claudia MacTeer，who was born in a poor but warm black family in Lorain，Ohio，in the 1940s.However，the primary focus of the novel is Pecola Breedlove，another young black girl who lives in quite different surroundings from Claudia.

As protectors of Pecola，Claudia sisters act as participants in 11 processes，Frieda acts as agents in 9 material processes，and Claudia acts as behaver in 1 behavioral process and as sensor in 2 mental processes.It is worth stressing that Morrison employs a series of impetuous verbs（most are transitive verbs）to illustrate Friedas anger and braveness.They are：

[4-17] snatched her coat from her head

[4-18] threw it on the ground

[4-19] ran toward them

[4-20] brought her books down on Woodrow Cain's head.

Frieda shows her indignation by rebelling against Cain with a series of actions.She responds quickly，trying to find out a way to deal with the situation，without reflections on the reason.This can be explained that she is more vulnerable to her communitys value and has accepted more or less the White beauty standard.Consciously，she has got why;unconsciously，she revolts against it，for she still bears some Black tradition.In particular，the four continuous verbs are quite impressing，which expresses Friedas courage，resolution and righteousness.

But when it comes to Claudia，it is another story.She was wondering why.

[4-21] I had never heard Frieda's voice so loud and clear.

[4-22] I had found my tongue.

In [4-21]，a mental process，“heard” plus negative word never reveals Claudias astoundment more than action orientation.It seems that she does not focus on the fight site;instead，she is calculating why this happened.When her sister has taken actions，she was just knocked by her sisters bursting out.Meanwhile in [4-22]，the author uses an existent word found，instead of “said” or “shouted” or “yelled” and the like，indicating that she herself was not completely aware of what she said.It seems that Claudia lost her tongue just now，and until this moment she regains it.She has spent her time on speculation.

References

[1] Wood，M.Tony Morrisons The Bluest Eye [M].New York：InfoBase Publishing，2007.

[2] 申丹（Shen Dan）.功能文體學再思考.《外語教學與研究》[J]，2002，（3）.

[3] Tony Morrison，Selena Ward.The Bluest Eye [M].Spark Notes LLC，Tianjin Science & Technology Translation & Pushing Co，2009

[4] Yinglin JI，Dan Shen..Transitivity and Mental Transformation：Sheila Watsons the Double Hook.Language and Literature [J].2004.

作者簡介：中國海洋大學文學碩士，本科英語教育專業，系統學習了語言學和教育學，研究生期間，主要研究學習系統功能語言學理論在文學作品中的體現和應用。現從事初中英語教學工作十年，熱愛工作，熱愛學習。