酷酷的手冊飛行員

高維微

“90后”徐呂的夢想是當一名特種兵。陰差陽錯，他成了重慶航空的一名飛行員。

雖說夢想與現實有些出入，但徐呂并不失望，“因為飛行員很酷”

Xu Lv，a"post-90s"， who'sdream was to be a SpecialForces soldier， became apilot of Chongqing Airlinesunexpectedly.

Although there is a discrepancybetween his dream andthe reality， Xu Lv is notdisappointed at all， "becausepilots look so cool".

因為責任而酷

Cool Because of Responsibility

從外表上看，徐呂戴著墨鏡，頭發梳得一絲不茍，制服筆挺，皮鞋锃亮，加上一米八的個子，和電視劇中的飛行員一樣，非常醋。

在徐呂最初的認知里，飛行員的“醋”正是制服、打扮這些外在的“顏值”。不過，真正接觸到民航客機后，他才理解，這一身行頭可不是為了耍酷，其實是為了工作需要。戴墨鏡是為了防止在高空飛行時太陽直射影響視線;一身制服則是為了打造嚴謹、縝密的專業形象……

飛行員的醋，在于責任感。徐呂解釋，“民航客機飛行員責任重大，航空公司將價值上億的飛機交到飛行員手中，就必須對企業負責。兩百多名旅客將生命交到我手里，我必須帶領他們安全抵達目的地。”

事實上，飛行員恰恰最不能放飛自我：“我們其實是最沒有個性的一群人，我們被叫做手冊飛行員。”

所謂手冊，指的是飛行員操作指南，也就是“SOP”。SOP明確指出了飛行員在飛機駕駛艙的每一步操作流程，并通過固定的操作方式，讓飛機安全運行。

在他儲存的空客A320SOP資料里，僅僅《重慶航空A320機型SOP標準喊話概要》就有15頁內容。實際操作過程中，按照SOP標準，僅是繞機檢查這一項工作，就有21項對應的檢查項目。至于執飛一趟航班具體有多少操作，徐呂說，“沒具體算過，但肯定不少于兩百個。”

“SOP的每一條規則都是前輩反復研究、實踐總結得來的，操作起來雖然瑣碎，但在特殊時候能保證安全。飛行過程，只要發現了問題，就能按SOP解決問題，就算發動機起火我們也能把飛機飛回來。”徐呂解釋。

在徐呂看來，“手冊飛行員”可以理解為做事有理有據，嚴格按照規章制度。當這些工作習慣滲入到他的生活時，徐呂也變成了一個有規劃、求精確的人，甚至還被朋友戲稱為“機器人”。

He looks every inch a pilot： wearing well-ironed uniform， sunglasses and shiny leathershoes. hair meticulously combed， plus a height of1.8 meters tall. just as cool as the pilots in the TVsenes.

It first came to Xu Lv that pilots are "cool"due to the external "attractiveness" of the uniformand sunglasses. It was only after he came intothe passenger airlines sector that he realized thatthe outfit was not for cool. but for work. Wearingsunglasses is to prevent direct sunlight fromaffecting the sight when flying at high altitude;while the uniform is to create a rigorous andmeticulous professional image...

Pilots are cool for their sense ofresponsibility. Xu Lv explained， "The pilot ofpassenger airliners holds a position of greatresponsibility. With planes worth hundreds ofmillions handed to us by the airlines. we must beaccountable to them. More than 200 passengersput their lives in my hands， I must lead them totheir destinations safely."

Pilots are in fact the least allowed to letourselves go： "We are actually the most impersonalgroup of people. Therefore. we are called SOPpilots."

The so-called SOP refers to the pilot'sstandard operating procedure. It clearly pointsout each operating procedure of the pilot in thecockpit of an aircraft to help operate planes safelywith a fixed mode.

In the materials of Airbus A320SOP he saved.the "Summary of SOP Standard Propaganda forChongqing Airlines A320" alone has 15 pages.According to SOP. there are 21 correspondinginspection items for extemal inspection in actualoperation. As for the exact number of operationsfor a fiight， Xu Lv said. "I have not counted. but itmust be no less than 200."

"Every rule of SOP is summed up bypredecessors through repeated research andpractice. Though seems trivial in operation. it cansave life at special times. Any problem occurredduring a flight can find an answer in the SOP. Evenif the engine catches fire. we can fly the plane backsafely." explained Xu Lv.

In Xu Lv's view， the very title of "SOP pilot"requires them to do things with reason and in strictaccordance with the rules and regulations. Whenthese working habits i infiltrated into his life. Xu Lvbecomes well organized and details-oriented. evennicknamed "robot" by his friends.

駕駛者到管理者

From an Airplane Pilot to a Manager

隨著民用客機自動化、智能化程度越來越高，正常情況下，計算機能夠幫助飛行員解決很多計算的問題。這時，飛行員需要成為飛機的管理者，要考慮更多綜合性、自動化系統無法解決的問題。徐呂舉例說，飛行過程中前方出現一大團云，飛機是穿云還是繞飛？如果繞飛，是從左側繞飛還是右側繞飛？優秀的飛行員會綜合考慮天氣狀況及后續航線等因素，計算出更安全更省油的飛行線路。

徐呂翻出一張空客A320機型的駕駛艙照片說，“A320是自動化程度很高的機型，比起很多老機型，駕駛艙簡潔了不少，但它對飛行員的要求也很高。”

飛行中，飛行員要監控很多數據，眼睛幾乎都不能離開表盤。單是一個PFD表盤，就有十幾種數據。在PFD表盤旁，還有一塊ND表盤，同樣有十多項需要監控的數據。“飛機上最怕的不是出問題，而是出了問題沒發現。所以我們必須實時監控飛機的各項數據，并且判斷它們的準確性。”徐呂說。

As the civilian passenger jets get more andmore automatic and intelligent， under normalcircumstances. computers can help pilots solvemany computational problems. In this connection，pilots should become managers of airplanesand take into account more issues that cannotbe solved by comprehensive and automatedsystems. For example， Xu Lv said， if a large cloudappears ahead the plane， then should the planepass through it or fly around？ If you choose tofly around， do you fly from the left or the right？Excellent pilots will choose a safer and more fuel-efficient route after considering factors such asweather conditions and subsequent routes.

Bringing out a photo of the cockpit of aAirbus A320. Xu Lv told us. "The A320 is ahighly automated model. Its cockpit is muchsimpler compared with many old ones. but it alsosets higher requirements for pilots" .

During the flight， the pilot has to monitor alot of data that his eyes can hardly leave the dial.There are more than a dozen kinds of data in aPFD dial alone. Next to the PFD dial is an NDdial. which also has more than 10 items of datato be monitored. "We are not afraid of findingproblems on the plane. but of not discoveringany problem. Therefore. we must monitor all thedata of the aircraft in real time and judge theiraccuracy， " said Xu Lv.

做最酷的領頭羊

Be the Coolest Leader

今年新冠肺炎疫情期間，因為綜合素質優秀，徐呂被選中執飛重慶援鄂醫療隊赴武漢的航班。

從小到大，徐呂都很優秀，他說他對自己的要求就是“做領頭羊”，“從幼兒園開始，除了唱歌跳舞，幾乎所有活動，我都愛去爭個第一名。”在學校時，他的獎狀貼滿了整面墻，進入航空公司后，更是收獲了“飛行學員大隊優秀班組”“優秀學員”“飛行學員大隊第一屆飛行技能大比武冠軍”等榮譽。

徐呂的偶像是英雄機長薩倫伯格——2009年，他成功將一架發生鳥擊后雙發失效的A320迫降在哈得遜河上，155名乘客和機組人員全部生還。“雖然我和他的差距還很遠，但總要試著努力。”

Amid the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak thisyear. Xu Lu was selected to fly the Chongqingmedical aid team to Wuhan due to his excellentcomprehensive quality.

Man and boy， Xu Lv was excellent. Hekeeps telling himself to "be the leader". "Fromkindergarten onwards. I love to compete for thefirst place in almost all activities except singingand dancing." His certificates for awards earnedat school ran the length of one wall. And he tookhome the honors such as "Excellent Team of theFlying Cadet Brigade". "Excellent Student" and"Champion of the First Flying Skills Competitionof the Flying Cadet Brigade" after entering theairline.

Xu Lv's hero is Captain Sullenberg - who，in 2009. successfully landed an A320 which lostpower in both engines after a bird strike in theHudson River， saving the lives of 155 passengersand the crew. "Although I'm a far cry from him. I'lltry my best to catch up."