賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)解析（一）

楊慶春

賓語(yǔ)從句是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主從復(fù)合句中最重要的一部分，它也是中考英語(yǔ)試題中最常見(jiàn)的考點(diǎn)。要想學(xué)好賓語(yǔ)從句，我們需要掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的概念、連接詞、語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)等多方面的內(nèi)容。

【考點(diǎn)1】賓語(yǔ)從句的概念

賓語(yǔ)從句：在句子中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。

賓語(yǔ)從句分為三類：及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句、介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句和形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句。

1. 及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句：

We believe that he is honest.我們相信他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。

She says that she works from Monday to Friday.

她說(shuō)她從周一至周五上班。

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

我想我們每天飲用足夠的熱水是必要的。

2. 介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句：

I was interested in how he had done it. 我對(duì)他怎么做感興趣。

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

我們?cè)谡務(wù)撌欠裨试S學(xué)生加入我們的俱樂(lè)部。

3. 部分形容詞（sorry， sure， afraid， glad等）的賓語(yǔ)從句：

We’re sure that our team will win.我們確信我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏。

I’m afraid that he won’t pass the exam.恐怕他考試不會(huì)及格。

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他高興的是在他生病時(shí)李明來(lái)看他。

I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉打擾你這么久。

練習(xí)1

將下面的句子連接成含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。

1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.

He said these flowers from Guangdong.

2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.

My teacher told me ? light faster than sound.

3. There will be a meeting in five days. ?Jack didn’t know.

Jack didn’t know there ? a meeting in five days.

4. Can they speak French？ I want to know.

I want to know ? ? ? ? French.

5. Do they want fried chicken？ He asked the boys.

He asked the boys ? they fried chicken.

Keys：1. that;were ? 2. that; travels ? 3. that; would be ?4. if /whether; they can speak ?5. if/whether; wanted

【考點(diǎn)2】賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞

引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：that， if/whether，以及連接代詞和連接副詞。

1. 連接詞that：賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句，that用作主從句連接詞，只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無(wú)詞匯意義，在口語(yǔ)中常被省略。

He knew （that）he should work hard. 他知道應(yīng)該努力工作。

I think （that） he will help us. 我想他會(huì)幫助我們。

2. 連接詞if /whether：賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)，主從句之間的連接詞用if/whether。它們起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口語(yǔ)中多用if。

Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. 湯姆不知道他的爺爺是否喜歡這個(gè)禮物。

3. 連接代詞和連接副詞：賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句，主從句之間的連接詞用連接代詞和連接副詞。

連接代詞有：who， whom， whose， which， what， 它們?cè)诰渲袚?dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。

No one knows what they will come for. 沒(méi)人知道他們會(huì)來(lái)干什么。（賓語(yǔ)）

He asked whose dictionary this was.他問(wèn)這是誰(shuí)的字典。（定語(yǔ)）

Could you tell me who they are waiting for？ 你能告訴我他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)嗎？（賓語(yǔ)）

連接副詞有： when，where， why， how， 在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。

Please tell me when we’ll have the class meeting.請(qǐng)告訴我什么時(shí)候開(kāi)班會(huì)。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）

I don’t know why he hasn’t come yet. 我不知道他為什么沒(méi)有來(lái)。（原因狀語(yǔ)）

I wonder where he got so much money.我想要知道他在哪弄到這么多的錢(qián)。（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）

練習(xí)2

1. （2019·甘肅·白銀） I wonder Tom had a good time having a picnic yesterday.

A. that ? ? B. if ? ? C. what ? D. which

2. （2019·安徽）— I wonder the students have a physical examination.

— Once a year.

A. how far B. how soon C. how long ? D. how often

3. （2019·廣西·百色） —I want to know ? we will have the meeting.

—Maybe in the classroom.

A. where ? ? B. when ? ? C. who ? D. whether

4. （2020·天津）—Do you know ? to see the Beijing Opera？

—Yes， you can go to Mei Langfang Theatre.

A. where can we go ?B. where we can go C. when shall we go D. when we shall go

5. （2020·安徽） —Could you tell me ? we can start a conversation with a foreigner？

—Talking about weather is a good choice.

A. how ? ? ? ? B. why ? ? ? C. where ? ? D. when

Keys：1-5 BDABA