張狀和 韓東 劉德亮



摘? 要: 針對柱面共形陣的二維波達方向(2D DOA)估計問題,提出一種基于迭代自適應方法的柱面共形陣2D DOA估計算法。首先,通過歐拉旋轉變換公式將柱面共形陣全局直角坐標系變換為單元局部直角坐標系,建立柱面共形天線陣列流型;然后,將感興趣區域內信號源所有可能存在的位置通過劃分二維網格的形式來表示,利用迭代自適應算法(IAA)估計出每個潛在位置對應的信號源能量;最后,繪制能量譜圖,譜峰對應的方位角和俯仰角即為二維波達方向的估計值。理論分析與仿真實驗證明,所提算法不需要額外的參數匹配,簡化了估算步驟,在短快拍的情況下可以實現柱面共形陣的2D DOA估計。
關鍵詞: 柱面共形陣; 2D DOA估計; 坐標系變換; 信號源能量估計; 迭代自適應算法; 能量譜繪制; 理論分析
中圖分類號: TN911.7?34? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼: A? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文章編號: 1004?373X(2020)11?0006?04
Cylindrical conformal array′s 2D DOA estimation based on iterative adaptive approach
ZHANG Zhuanghe, HAN Dong, LIU Deliang
(Department of Missile Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA (Shijiazhuang Campus), Shijiazhuang 050003, China)
Abstract: An iterative adaptive approach (IAA) based 2D DOA (two dimensional direction of arrival) estimation algorithm for cylindrical conformal array is proposed to deal with the problem of 2D DOA estimation of cylindrical conformal array. The global rectangular coordinate system of the cylindrical conformal array is transformed into the unit local rectangular coordinate system by Euler rotation transformation formula for the establishment of array manifold of the cylindrical conformal antenna array. All possible locations of signal source in the ROI (region of interest) are represented by dividing 2D grids, and the IAA is used to estimate the signal source energy corresponding to each potential location. An energy spectrum map is drawn, and the azimuth angle and pitch angle corresponding to the spectrum peak are the estimated values of the 2D DOA. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments prove that it is unnecessary to match additional parameters in the application of the proposed algorithm, so the steps of estimation is simplified and 2D DOA estimation of cylindrical conformal array can be realized under the condition of short snapshot.
Keywords: cylindrical conformal array; 2D DOA estimation; coordinate system transformation; signal source energy estimation; iterative adaptive approach (IAA); energy spectrum drawing; theoretical analysis
0? 引? 言
共形陣天線是一種和載體外形保持一致的天線[1],其能夠和物體結構相融合,可以滿足飛機、導彈、衛星等飛行器的隱身和空氣動力學需求,有效減少了荷載的大小和重量。相對于傳統的線陣和平面陣,共形陣天線還具有覆蓋范圍大、易偽裝、抗干擾能力較強等特點。近些年來,學者們圍繞著共形陣列展開了多方面的研究[2?7],其中,由于波達方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估計技術在通信、雷達、聲吶等領域的重要作用,因此如何實現共形陣列DOA估計受到廣泛關注。
文獻[2]研究了多重信號分類(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法在共形天線中的應用。文獻[3]通過……