嬰兒主導(dǎo)的后躺式哺乳姿勢(shì)對(duì)產(chǎn)后早期母乳喂養(yǎng)的影響

鄭彤云 彭碧玲 鄧雪萍

【摘要】目的 探討由嬰兒主導(dǎo)的后躺式哺乳姿勢(shì)在產(chǎn)后早期母乳喂養(yǎng)的臨床使用效果及其可行性。方法 選取2018年6月～12月在中山大學(xué)附屬第八醫(yī)院產(chǎn)科自然分娩的初產(chǎn)婦180例，采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法隨機(jī)分成試驗(yàn)組（90例）和對(duì)照組（90例）。對(duì)照組用傳統(tǒng)的坐位姿勢(shì)按需哺乳，試驗(yàn)組以嬰兒主導(dǎo)的后躺式姿勢(shì)哺乳。結(jié)果 產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后乳頭疼痛程度、乳頭皸裂發(fā)生率及產(chǎn)婦出院時(shí)母乳喂養(yǎng)滿意度兩組間比較，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05），純母乳喂養(yǎng)率兩組間比較產(chǎn)后第1天，差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），產(chǎn)后第3天及第7天的差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.01），試驗(yàn)組均優(yōu)于對(duì)照組。結(jié)論 采用嬰兒主導(dǎo)的后躺式姿勢(shì)哺乳，可降低產(chǎn)婦乳頭疼痛、乳頭皸裂發(fā)生率，提高產(chǎn)后早期的純母乳喂養(yǎng)率及產(chǎn)婦母乳喂養(yǎng)滿意度，幫助產(chǎn)婦建立早期的母乳喂養(yǎng)行為，為提高產(chǎn)后6個(gè)月內(nèi)的純母乳喂養(yǎng)率打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。

【關(guān)鍵詞】初產(chǎn)婦;母乳喂養(yǎng);乳頭皸裂;乳頭疼痛

【中圖分類號(hào)】R715.9 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A 【文章編號(hào)】ISSN.2095.6681.2020.6..03

【Abstract】Objective ? To understand the cause of pregnant women admitted to hospital ahead of the main reasons its impact on the rate of cesarean section without labor， the corresponding effective countermeasures.Methods ? A total of 180 primiparous women who gave birth naturally in the obstetrics department of the Eighth Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University from June to December 2018 were randomly divided into a test group （90 cases） and a control group （90 cases） using random number table method. The control group breast-feeded on demand in the traditional sitting position， and the experimental group breast-feeded in the infant-dominated reclining position.Results ? There were significant differences in maternal postpartum nipple pain， incidence of nipple cleft palate and breastfeeding satisfaction at maternal discharge （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the ratio of exclusive breastfeeding between the two groups.The significance （P>0.05）， the difference between the 3rd day and the 7th day after birth were statistically significant （P<0.01），the test group was better than the control group.Conclusion ? Infant-led reclining posture breastfeeding can reduce maternal nipple pain， incidence of nipple splitting， increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in early postpartum and maternal breastfeeding satisfaction，help women establish early breastfeeding behavior， and improve postpartum 6 The pure breastfeeding rate during the month laid a good foundation.

【Key words】Primipara;Breastfeeding;Nipple chap;Nipple pain

母乳是最適合新生兒的天然食品，也是母親給新生兒健康免疫的第一份禮物。產(chǎn)后初期是各種哺乳問題的頻發(fā)階段，有研究證明[1]，產(chǎn)婦在產(chǎn)后一周內(nèi)如因各種因素導(dǎo)致母乳喂養(yǎng)未能順利進(jìn)行，后期純母乳喂養(yǎng)的難度將明顯增加。而產(chǎn)婦因母乳喂養(yǎng)體位和哺乳姿勢(shì)不規(guī)范是導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)后初期純母乳喂養(yǎng)率降低、母乳喂養(yǎng)失敗的主要原因[2]。本研究擬探討由嬰兒主導(dǎo)的后躺式哺乳姿勢(shì)在產(chǎn)后初期階段的應(yīng)用效果及可行性，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 ?一般資料

選取2018年6月～12月在中大八院自然分娩的符合條件的初產(chǎn)婦各90例，簽訂知情同意書，按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表分成對(duì)照組和試驗(yàn)組兩組。

1.2 ?方法

1.2.1 人員培訓(xùn)