黃博瑜 胡小英
摘要:“三瀉心湯”,即半夏瀉心湯、生姜瀉心湯、甘草瀉心湯,均出自《傷寒論》,為治療寒熱錯雜之心下痞而設,但三者臨床應用指征不盡相同。本文通過分析三瀉心湯原文及藥物組成,以鑒別三方的病機及使用指征,并附驗案以進一步區(qū)分三者的臨床應用,以供臨床參考。
關鍵詞:寒熱錯雜;半夏瀉心湯;生姜瀉心湯;甘草瀉心湯
中圖分類號:R249.7??? 文獻標識碼:A??? 文章編號:1005-5304(2020)01-0111-04
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.201810020
Analysis on Clinical Application of Three Xiexin Decoction
HUANG Boyu1, HU Xiaoying2
1. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; 2. Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
Abstract: Three xiexin Decoction, that is, Banxia Xiexin Decoction, Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction, and Gansao Xiexin Decoction, are from Shang Han Lun, which are designed to treat the heart distension caused by cold-heat complicated syndrome, but the indications of clinical application of the three kinds of decoction are not the same. This article identified the pathogenesis of the three kinds of decoction and application indications through analyzing the original text and medicinal combination. In addition, medical cases were attached to further discriminate the clinical application of the three kinds of decoction, with the purpose to provide references for clinic.
Keywords: cold-heat complicated syndrome; Banxia Xiexin Decoction; Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction; Gansao Xiexin Decoction
《傷寒論》“三瀉心湯”,即半夏瀉心湯、生姜瀉心湯、甘草瀉心湯,三方均用于治療誤汗、誤下引起寒熱錯雜的心下痞滿。在方藥組成上,生姜瀉心湯、甘草瀉心湯均在半夏瀉心湯的基礎上加減。三者在方藥組成、病因病機上極為相似卻不盡相同,故對于三者之間的鑒別應用,臨床易于混淆。筆者通過分析三者的組方遣藥及病因病機差異,結(jié)合案例闡述其臨床鑒別應用,以供臨床參考。
1? 方藥解析
1.1? 半夏瀉心湯
半夏瀉心湯出自《傷寒論·辨太陽病脈證并治》:“傷寒五六日,嘔而發(fā)熱者,柴胡湯證具,而以他藥下之,柴胡證仍在者,復與柴胡湯。此雖已下之,不為逆,必蒸蒸而振,卻發(fā)熱汗出而解……但滿而不痛者,此為痞,柴胡不中與之,宜半夏瀉心湯?!北砻鞅痉皆瓰樾〔窈鷾C誤下而設,邪氣本客于半表半里
之少陽,結(jié)于膽腑,膽熱內(nèi)郁,本當解之和之,卻因誤用下法,傷及中陽,中虛失運而痰濕內(nèi)生,中焦升降燮理失司。《醫(yī)學衷中參西錄》有“肝氣宜升,膽火宜降,然非脾氣之上行,則肝氣不升,非胃氣之下行,則膽火不降”,可見中焦失運可間接影響膽腑通降,致膽熱郁滯,中陽不足,而成寒熱錯雜之象。