唐古特雪蓮不同部位21種元素含量測定

欒真杰　李佩佩　陳保政　李朵　周玉碧　萬麗娜　孟曉萍　于紅妍　盧學峰　孫菁

摘要：目的? 測定青海產唐古特雪蓮不同部位中礦質元素的含量，探討其元素分布特征及差異，為唐古特雪蓮藥用資源的合理應用提供依據。方法? 采集同一居群20余株唐古特雪蓮，并分為根、莖、葉、花4個部位，用微波消解法處理后，采用電感耦合等離子體發射光譜法測定鈣、鎂、鐵、鈦、鍶、錳、鎳、硒、鋅、鉈、銅、砷、鉻、鋰、鉛、釩、鈹、銻、鉬、鈷、鎘共21種元素含量，分析不同部位元素種類及含量的差異。結果? 唐古特雪蓮各部位均未檢出鉬和鈷，莖和花中未檢出鎘。唐古特雪蓮含有豐富的鈣和鎂;含量最高的微量元素是鐵，以根中居多，其次為葉;砷嚴重超標（超藥典規定796%）。4個部位中含量差異最小的元素是銻（變異系數為0.09），含量差異最大的元素是鎳（變異系數為1.51）。結論? 青海產唐古特雪蓮不同部位的元素種類和含量有所差異，可為該藥用資源的質量控制和資源開發提供一定依據。

關鍵詞：唐古特雪蓮;不同部位;電感耦合等離子體發射光譜法;礦質元素;含量測定

中圖分類號：R284.1? ? 文獻標識碼：A? ? 文章編號：1005-5304（2020）01-0063-05

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.201811002

Content Determination of 21 Mineral Elements in Different Parts of Saussurea Tangutica Maxim.

LUAN Zhenjie1，2， LI Peipei1，2， CHEN Baozheng1，2， LI Duo1，2， ZHOU Yubi1， WAN Lina1，2，

MENG Xiaoping1， YU Hongyan3， LU Xuefeng1， SUN Jing1

1. Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources， Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Xining 810008， China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100049， China; 3. Qinghai Grassland General Station， Xining 810008， China

Abstract： Objective To determine the contents of mineral elements in different parts of Saussurea tangutica Maxim.; To discuss element distribution characteristics and differences; To provide a basis for rational use of the medicinal resources. Methods More than 20 strains of Saussurea tangutica Maxim. in the same population were collected and divided into different parts of roots， stems， leaves and flowers， and then treated by microwave digestion. The contents of 21 mineral elements （Ca， Mg， Fe， Ti， Sr， Mn， Ni， Se， Zn， Tl， Cu， As， Cr， Li， Pb， V， Be， Sb， Mo， Co， Cd） in the four parts were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Differences in types and contents of elements in different parts were analyzed. Results No Mo or Co were detected in all four parts. Cd was not detected in the flowers and stems. Saussurea tangutica Maxim. was rich in Ca and Mg. The most abundant trace element was Fe， which was mostly in the root， followed by leaves. As was seriously exceeded （super Pharmacopoeia regulations 796%）. The smallest difference in the content of the four parts was the Sb element （CV=0.09）， and the largest difference was the Ni element （CV=1.51）. Conclusion The element characteristics and differences of different parts of Saussurea tangutica Maxim. in Qinghai Province are clarified， which can provide a basis for the quality control of the medicinal resources and the deep development and utilization of Saussurea tangutica Maxim..

Keywords： Saussurea tangutica Maxim.; different parts; inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry; mineral element; content determination

唐古特雪蓮Saussurea tangutica Maxim.為菊科風毛菊屬多年生草本植物，分布于河北、山西、甘肅、青海、四川、云南、西藏海拔3800～5000 m高山流石灘、高山草甸等生境中[1]，是常用藏藥“漏子多保”的原植物之一，以全草入藥，具有清熱解毒、活血通經、散寒除濕、壯陽強筋骨等功效[2]。藥學研究表明，唐古特雪蓮具有抗炎鎮痛活性[3]，主要含有槲皮素等黃酮類化合物、東莨菪堿等生物堿類化合物及烷烴類化合物[4]。……