數(shù)字表述的翻譯

秋千影

政治文獻(xiàn)中，為了表述簡潔，經(jīng)常使用數(shù)字形式，比如“四風(fēng)”“八項規(guī)定”等。這類表述的翻譯當(dāng)以達(dá)意為要，有時直譯，有時意譯。今天，我們一起考察英文版《習(xí)近平談治國理政》中含有數(shù)字文字的翻譯，期能對各位翻譯愛好者有所啟示。

一帶一路 the Belt and Road Initiative

“一個中國”政策 One China policy

一國兩制 One Country， Two Systems

兩個毫不動搖 the “two unswervinglys”

兩不愁、三保障 guarantee the basic needs of food and clothing for those living in poverty and ensure that they have proper access to compulsory education， medical care， and safe housing

兩個務(wù)必 the two musts

兩個翻番 double Chinas 2010 GDP and per capita income by 2020

“兩個一百年”的奮斗目標(biāo) the Two Centenary Goals

“兩學(xué)一做”學(xué)習(xí)教育 the “Two Studies， One Action” education campaign

兩會 the two sessions： the National Peoples Congress and the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference （NPC and CPPCC）

兩手抓，兩手都要硬 push for material progress on the one hand and cultural and ethical progress on the other， with great importance attached to both

“三個代表”重要思想 the important thought of the Three Represents

“三講”教育 the “Three Emphases” Education

三通 the three direct links

三嚴(yán)三實 three stricts and three earnests

三股勢力 the “three forces” of terrorism， separatism and extremism

三農(nóng) agriculture， rural areas and farmers

三會一課 regular branch meetings， branch committee meetings， group meetings， and Party lectures

“三期疊加”階段 （增長速度換擋期、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整陣痛期、前期刺激政策消化期）the stage of shifting the growth rate， restructuring the economy， and addressing the impact of previous stimulus policies

三重一大 major issues， important appointments and removals， major projects， and the use of large amounts of money

三網(wǎng)一化 networks of high-speed railway， expressway and regional civil aviation， and industrialization

四風(fēng) the Four Malfeasances （of going through the motions， excessive bureaucracy， self-indulgence， and extravagance）

四項基本原則 the Four Cardinal Principles

四大考驗 the four tests （of exercising governance， carrying our reform and opening up， developing the market economy and responding to external development）

“四個全面”戰(zhàn)略布局 the Four-pronged Strategy

“四個意識”the Four Consciousnesses

四個自信 have confidence in the path， theory， system and culture of socialism

四種危險 the four risks （of inertia， incompetence， being divorced from the people， and corruption and other negative phenomena）

五大發(fā)展理念（創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開放、共享）five concepts of de-velopment： innovative， coordinated， green， open， and inclusive

“五位一體”總體布局 the Five-point Strategy

五大支柱 five major pillars

六個緊緊圍繞 the six centering-ons

八項規(guī)定 the Eight Rules

八股文 the eight-legged essay

“九二共識”the 1992 Consensus

十一屆三中全會 the third plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee

“十三五”規(guī)劃 the 13th Five-year Plan

其實，在非時政類文章中，也經(jīng)常碰到數(shù)字。根據(jù)我個人經(jīng)驗，為了準(zhǔn)確移譯，有時需要化實為虛，例如：

原文：當(dāng)年，蘇東坡以詩會友，問曰：“我與柳永何人詞佳？”人對曰：“唱蘇詞需尋來八尺關(guān)西大漢，手持鐵板唱‘大江東去，唱柳詞則要請二八佳人持象牙板唱‘小橋流水。”

原譯： Once， poet Su Dongpo asked in a poetry salon： “Who is a better ci poet， Liu Yong or I？” There came a clever response： “To sing Sus pieces would need a ‘Guanxi Hanzi eight-chi tall， bellowing ‘the Great River eastward flows with iron clappers in his hands. To sing Lius pieces would need a 16-year-old rosebud， crooning ‘under small bridges streams flow with ivory clappers.”

改譯： Once， Su Dongpo （1037—1101）， a famed poet in the Song Dynasty （960—1279）， asked in a poetry salon： “ Who is the better poet， Liu Yong or I？” There came a clever response： “To sing Sus pieces involves a towering giant with iron clappers， bellowing ‘the Great River flows eastward; whereas to sing Lius pieces involves a rosebud with ivory clappers， crooning ‘under small bridges streams flow.”

在可讀性方面，原譯與改譯，孰優(yōu)孰劣，一目了然。? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? □