神經網絡偵探作弊

重慶市豐都縣實驗中學校 王 權

一款名為Ghostwriter的新款反抄襲軟件儲存了一定數量的文章，它可以根據數據庫中同一作者的多篇文章的固定風格來鑒定作者是否有抄襲之嫌，從而實現軟件的反抄襲功能，讓剽竊者無處遁形。

The English-language version of Wikipedia has almost six million articles. And if you're a cheating student, that's six million essays already written for you, including footnotes and all. But plagiarism(剽竊) isn't really an effective way—just type the text into a search engine and the game is over.Then what about having a ghostwriter compose your final essay?

“Standard plagiarism software cannot detect this kind of cheating,” said Stephan Lorenzen, a data analyst at the University of Copenhagen. In Denmark, where he's based, ghostwriting is a growing problem at high schools. So Lorenzen and his colleagues created a program called Ghostwriter that can detect the cheats.

At its central part is a neural (神經的) network trained and tested on 130,000 real essays from 10,000 Danish students. After reading through tens of thousands of essays labeled as being written by the same author or not, the machine taught itself to tune into the characteristics that might tip off cheating. For example, did a student's essays share the same styles of punctuation? The same spelling mistakes?

By examining inconsistencies like those, Ghostwriter was able to seek out a copied essay nearly 90 percent of the time. The team presented the results at the European Meeting on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning. There's one more aspect here that could help students. Your high school essays probably get better over time as you learn to write and the machine can detect that. The final idea is to detect students who are at risk because their development in writing style isn't as you'd expect. Teachers could thus give extra help to kids who really need it, while sniffing out the cheaters too.

Reading Check

1. What can be true about a cheating student trying to finish an essay?

A. His cheating may be detected in a certain way.

B. Essays offered by Wikipedia can't be downloaded.

C. He won't hire a ghostwriter to write one for himself.

D. Cheating can be detected by standard plagiarism software.

2. Which aspect of the program “Ghostwriter” is talked about in paragraph 3?

A. Its influences.

B. Its weaknesses.

C. Its components.

D. Its working theory.

3. Which of the following is the function of “Ghostwriter”?

A. It relieves teachers of giving extra help.

B. It never fails to find out a copied essay.

C. It can detect a student's progress in writing.

D. It can guide a student to correct his writing style.

4. Where is the text most likely from?

A. A novel.

B. A diary.

C. A guidebook.

D. A magazine.

Language Study

Difficult sentence

The final idea is to detect students who are at risk because their development in writing style isn't as you'd expect.

【翻譯】_____________________________________________________________________________

【點石成金】這是一個主從復合句，because their development in writing style isn't as you'd expect是連詞because引導的原因狀語從句，The final idea is to detect students who are at risk是主句，who are at risk是限制性定語從句，關系代詞who代替students在從句中作主語。