科爾特德爾堡舞蹈展館

Rintala Eggertsson建筑事務所

1 首層平面圖Construction drawing of the ground floor plan

2 展示科爾特德爾堡展館的主要結構的1∶50模型1∶50 scale model of Corte Del Forte’s main structure

1 介紹

第16屆威尼斯國際建筑雙年展，Rintala Eggertsson建筑事務所接受了策展人伊馮·法瑞爾和雪莉·麥克納馬拉的邀請，設計了科爾特德爾堡（Corte Del Forte）。馬格赫拉是位于威尼斯梅斯特雷區的一處已停止使用的堡壘，受邀在此設計一個特殊的項目。策展人決定在普通的展覽場地上舉辦以“自由空間”為主題的雙年展，并且在梅斯特鎮中建立一個供社會活動的展館，從而在雙年展參觀者和公眾之間建立更好的聯系。策展團隊的選址目標鎖定在馬格赫拉堡（Forte Maghera），這里鄰近圣朱利亞諾公園（San Giuliano park），是威尼斯當地居民的主要休閑場所。

舞蹈作為馬格赫拉堡主要組織的活動之一，順理成章地成為這個展館需要滿足的功能之一。盡管這個展館主要是一個用于舞蹈表演、音樂活動和大型音樂會的功能空間，但它同時也應該盡可能滿足其他活動的需求，容納眾多參觀者在此聚集，形成一個最廣泛意義上的自由空間。對我們來說，這是一個重要的方面，因為它強調了我們雙年展設計概念中的核心內容：擺脫經濟和政治限制的民主和自由。

無論在家庭還是公共場所，尊重生活的建筑，都會使人們更好地照顧自己、他人及周圍環境，這與建筑僅僅體現了權力和財富的理念相反。創建一個為人類利益而生的自由空間是我們作為建筑師的使命。 隨著全球貿易的興起和世界民族主義的浪潮，我們生活受到的挑戰主要來自2個領域。

3 模型在從奧斯陸運向威尼斯前，被聚苯乙烯塊包裹著，此后被置于基座上，在阿森納爾展區的科爾德里中展出The scale model was with polystyrene blocks before transportation from Oslo to Venice,and it’s on a pedestal in the Corderie at the Arsenale

4 從入口一側觀看中心表演舞臺View from the entrance side with the performing stage in the middle

1.1 經濟格局

自由空間不是可用金錢購買的東西：在市場驅動下的混合式建筑通過消費合約填充空間，而不是溝通與交流。我們比以往任何時候都需要每個人都能負擔起的、可以自由參觀游賞的空間。空間之所以顯得空洞，不是因為它缺少某些東西，只有當它充滿著訪客的自由思考和行動時，才變得豐富起來。

1.2 政治形勢

為了中和與平衡權利結構，人們需要一個自由思考的空間。一個能容納反思性、批判性觀點，多元化，甚至無政府主義的空間。每一個健康、可持續的文明藍圖中都有這樣的空間，不然只會走向衰敗。

在科爾特德爾堡的展館中，我們想通過在這個環境中設計一個小型的舞蹈展館強調建筑的社會功能。它既是從前的政治、經濟和軍事格局的表現，同時也是向非軍事化、開放和民主過渡的一種表現形式。

2 設計生成

科爾特德爾堡項目的建筑生成基于一個有2個功能的開放庭院，庭院內的舞臺和酒吧向外開放，周邊環繞著2.1 m寬的走廊。此外，再在外部加入另外2種空間，一種是私密的，另一種則更加開放，以激發周圍環境更豐富的空間體驗。內部盡可能地保持簡潔和規律，以最大程度地增加庭院四面間的視覺聯系，為參觀者營造一種統一感。這種庭院類型能夠在遮蔽烈日的同時提供陰涼和通風，在南方的氣候條件下是很常見的。為了增添更多功能，我們在庭院中布滿了織物的天篷，將布條編織成了強調空間方向性的形式。花格墻是展館中唯一的垂直分隔物，我們把這種方格的圖案也應用在了墻面上。

5 傍晚的陽光進入展館，照亮中心的草坪Evening sun entering the pavilion and highlighting the grass

6 從觀景平臺看庭院走道The walkway seen from the viewing platform

（編輯/陳汪丹 王一蘭）

地址：意大利，威尼斯廣域市，梅斯特雷市，郵編：30173，馬格赫拉堡大道30 號，馬格赫拉堡

建筑師：Rintala Eggertsson建筑事務所維貝克·延森（合伙人）、薩米·林塔拉（合伙人）、戴格爾·艾格森（合伙人）、馬斯·歐延恩

項目年份：2018年

客戶：威尼斯雙年展

策展人：伊馮·法瑞爾、雪莉·麥克納馬拉

工程師：斯特凡諾·卡爾達特

項目管理：艾莉絲·克蘭西、塞巴斯蒂亞諾·詹尼西尼

建造領隊：約恩·布蘭德梅耶

承包人：雙年展

建筑面積：190 m2

贊助商：挪威外交部、歐普萊克有限公司、挪威設計與建筑、諾德萊摩爾有限公司、阿爾泰米德有限公司、挪威埃斯韋有限公司、漢森防護有限公司、貝齊勒法尼有限公司

攝影師：林塔拉·艾格森建筑事務所歐普萊克、弗蘭西斯卡·艾薇

視頻鏈接：https://vimeo.com/272165910

翻譯：梁文馨

校對：孫越

7 走道和河道一側的觀景平臺The walkway and the viewing platform by the canal

8 面向水面，展館與人的尺度The bodily scale of the pavilion,here shown towards the water

9 地表上的用以保護下方遺址的橫向基礎Horizontal foundation element on the surface to protect the heritage site underneath

10 保護木質裝置的雨水引導結構Gargoyles to guide the water away from the wooden structure

1 Introduction

The Corte Del Forte project came about after an invitation to Rintala Eggertsson Architects from curators Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara to participate in the 16th Venice Architecture Biennale.We were asked to do a special project at Forte Maghera,a closed down fortress in the Mestre part of Venice.As a gesture towards the local population the curators decided to take the FREESPACE theme of the biennale out of the ordinary exhibition venues and build a pavilion for social activities in the mainland township of Mestre,thus establishing a better contact between the biennale visitors and the general public.The choice of the site by the curatorial team was obvious; together with the adjacent San Giuliano park,Forte Maghera serves as the main recreational area for the local population in Venice.

With dance as one of the main organized activities in Forte Maghera,it became a logical function for the pavilion.Although the pavilion is mainly a functional space for dance performances,musical events and larger concerts,it should also aspire to arbitrary happenings and serve as a hangout for the numerous visitors to the area and become a free space in the broadest sense of the word.To us this was an important aspect as it underlines the core elements in our conceptual statement to the biennale; democracy and freedom from economic and political restraints:

Architecture,whether a home or a public space,that supports life with meaning will empower people to take better care of themselves,each other and their surroundings,as a contradiction to construction that symbolizes the mere ideas of power and wealth.It is our role as architects to establish a freespace in which to enact for the benefit of mankind.With the rise of global trade and surge towards nationalism in the world,we see mainly two areas where our lives are being challenged:

1.1 Economic Landscape

Freespace is contrary to something you must pay for:Market forcing amalgam architecture that fills the space with a contract to consume instead of one to communicate.More than ever we need spaces that are free to be visited,affordable for everyone.A space that is empty,not because it lacks something,but remains so just until it is filled with the free thinking and action of the visitors.

1.2 Political Landscape

To counteract and balance power-structures one needs a freespace to think freely.A space that allows counter-thinking,critical views,pluralism,even anarchism.Every healthy sustainable civilization has this in their blue-print,or it fails.

11 屋頂結構Roof structure

12 坐在裝置入口處的游覽者Sitting by the entrance

In our Corte Del Forte installation we want to emphasize the social function of architecture with a small dance pavilion in a setting which is a manifestation of former political,economical and military landscapes and simultaneously a representation of the transition towards demilitarization,openness and democracy.

2 Organisation of the Project

The architectonic organization of the Corte Del Forte project is based on a 2.1 meter wide walkway surrounding a square courtyard with two functional spaces; the stage and the bar projecting towards the outside.Two other spaces;one intimate and the other more exposed were added to the outside perimeter to stimulate to a more varied experience of the surroundings.The inside was kept as simple and regular as possible to maximize the visual connection between the four sides of the courtyard and create a sense of unity for the visitors.The courtyard typology is common in southern climates offering shelter from the burning heat of the sun with air and shadow.To increase the functionality this gives,we have covered the courtyard with a textile canopy,woven into a pattern which highlights the directionality of the space.The checkered pattern is also used for the lattice walls which are the only vertical space dividers in the pavilion.