Stronger waves resulted from ocean warming

湖南華容二中 張明波

海詞積累

1.pose/p??z/v.造成；（擺）姿勢

2.correlate/'k?r?le?t/v.相互關聯影響

3.indicator/'?nd?ke?t?(r)/n.指示信號；跡象

4.concentration/,k?nsn'tre??n/n.濃度

5.devastating/'dev?ste?t??/adj.毀滅性的

6.underestimate/,?nd?r'est?me?t/v.低估

7.alert/?'lз?t/v.使意識到；使警惕

8.infrastructure/'?nfr?str?kt??(r)/n.基礎設施

預讀思考

1.What’s the significance of the latest study mentioned in the passage?

2.What are the functions of the prefix “under-” and the suffix “-al”?

The ocean waves are getting stronger as a result of climate change,which mightposedangers for coastal communities in the future,according to a latest study published in the scientific magazineNature.Researchers found that waves have increased in strength by 0.41 percent per year since 1948,and this change iscorrelatedwith the increasing sea-surface temperatures.That is driving sea level rise,as oceans warm and expand,and bringing more intense hurricanes and other extreme weather,scientists warn.

“This relationship is important,as it shows that global wave power can be a potentially valuableindicatorof global warming,similar to carbon dioxideconcentration,the global sea level rise,or the global surface atmospheric temperature,”said director of research at the Environmental Hydraulics Institute at Spain's University of Cantabria,and co-author of the new study,Inigo J.Losada.

While the study reveals a long-term trend of increasing wave energy,the effects of this increase are particularly apparent during the most energetic storm seasons,as occurred during the winter of 2013-2014 in the North Atlantic,which affected the west coast of Europe,or thedevastating2017 hurricane season in the Caribbean,which offered a harsh reminder of the destructive power and economic impacts of coastal storms,said the study.

Researchers hope the findings could provide a more complete understanding of the dangers faced by coastal communities in thecoming decades.“Our results indicate that risk analysis neglecting the changes in wave power and having sea level rise as the only driver mayunderestimatethe consequences of climate change and result in not enough or poor adaptation,” said co-author Fernando J.Mendez,associate professor at the University of Cantabria.

The findings mayalertgovernments to better protect populations andinfrastructuresuch as ports and harbors by building coastal defenses.

—FromUC Santa Cruz

閱讀自測

1.What’s the result of stronger waves?

A.Climate begins to change.

B.People living near the coast face danger.

C.Oceans are being polluted.

D.Sea-surface temperatures are increasing.

2.Which of the following best explains “reveals” underlined in paragraph 3?

A.Affects. B.Denies.

C.Doubts. D.Shows.

3.What should governments do according to the study?

A.Warn local people of some dangers.

B.Build relevant coastal defenses.

C.Limit the number of people visiting the seashore.

D.Improve the natural environment near the seashore.

文本探究

探究視角1：語篇分析

海平面上升使沿海地區處于氣候變化影響的最前沿，但新的研究表明，它們也面臨其他與氣候有關的威脅。發表在《自然通訊》（Nature Communications）上的一項研究表明：海浪的能量在全球范圍內一直在增長，研究發現海洋變暖和海浪能量的增加之間存在直接聯系。許多長期趨勢和預測都帶有氣候變化的特征，包括海平面上升、全球氣溫上升和海冰減少。迄今為止，對全球海洋氣候的分析已經確定，在兩個半球高緯度的海洋局部地區，風速和浪高有所增加。在某些情況下(如冬季海浪)，這種增加比在平均情況下更大。這對于人類來說不是一件好事，因此我們必須高度重視這一問題，并且采取行之有效的措施。

本文的篇章結構如下：

S t r u c t u r e P a r a g r a p h（s） M a i n i d e a（s）I n t r o d u c t i o n P a r a.1 c o n n e c t i o n s b e t w e e n s t r o n g e r w a v e s a n d o c e a n w a r m i n g●A n i n d i c a t o r G l o b a l w a v e p o w e r c a n b e a n i n d i c a t o r o f g l o b a l w a r m i n g.●E f f e c t s 1.t h e d e s t r u c t i v e p o w e r 2.t h e e c o n o m i c i m p a c t s●H o p e c o m p l e t e u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h e d a n g e r s O p i n i o n P a r a.5 b e t t e r p r o t e c t i o n o f p o p u l a t i o n s a n d i n f r a s t r u c t u r e B o d y P a r a.2～4

探究視角2：語言學習

I.文本填空

1.The ocean waves are getting stronger _________(由于)climate change,which might pose dangers for coastal communities in the future,according to a latest study _________(publish)in the scientific magazineNature.

2.Researchers found that waves have increased in strength _________0.41 percent per year since 1948,and this change is correlated with the _________(increase)sea-surface temperatures.

3.This relationship is important,as it shows that global wave power can be a _________(potential)valuable indicator of global warming,similar _________carbon dioxide concentration,the global sea level rise,or the global surface atmospheric temperature.

4.Our results indicate that risk analysis _________(neglect)the changes in wave power and having sea level rise as _________only driver may underestimate the consequences of climate change.

5.The __________(find)may alert governments to better protect populations and infrastructure such as ports and harbors by building coastal defenses.

Ⅱ.熟詞構新

詞綴舉例 含義/變形 詞匯拓展不足;不夠u n d e r-u n d e r e s t i m a t e低估；u n d e r p l a y對……輕描淡寫；u n d e r s i z e d不夠大的；u n d e r d e v e l o p e d發展不足的；u n d e r a g e未成年人的；u n d e r p o p u l a t e d人口稀少的在……之下n.→a d j.-a l v.→n. a r r i v a l到來；a p p r o v a l批準；r e m o v a l除去；s u r v i v a l幸存u n d e r g r o u n d地下的；u n d e r f o o t在腳下；u n d e r l i n e在……下畫線；u n d e r s e a海底的；u n d e r m i n e破壞，損害；u n d e r w e a r內衣n a t i o n a l國家的；p o l i t i c a l政治的；p e r s o n a l個人的；e n v i r o n m e n t a l環境的；e d u c a t i o n a l教育的；c o n v e n t i o n a l傳統的；c h e m i c a l化學的；o c c a s i o n a l偶爾的；c l a s s i c a l經典的；c o a s t a l沿海的；p a r e n t a l父母的；d e v e l o p m e n t a l發展的

Ⅲ.寫作推薦

過去分詞作定語

Researchers hope the findings could provide a more complete understanding of the dangers faced by coastal communities in the coming decades.研究人員希望，這些研究結果能讓沿海地區在接下來幾十年里更徹底地理解所面臨的危險。

句中的過去分詞faced作后置定語，修飾名詞dangers。

【仿寫】這學校使用的系統很成功。

探究視角3：文化拓展

世界海洋日

聯合國于第63屆聯合國大會上將每年的6月8日確定為“世界海洋日”(World Oceans Day)。聯合國秘書長潘基文就此發表致辭時指出，人類活動正在使海洋世界付出可怕的代價，個人和團體都有義務保護海洋環境，認真管理海洋資源。

2009年聯合國將首個世界海洋日的主題確定為 “我們的海洋，我們的責任”。“世界海洋日”的確立，為國際社會應對海洋挑戰搭建了平臺，也為在中國進一步宣傳海洋的重要性、提高公眾海洋意識提供了新的機會。2019年世界海洋日的主題是“珍惜海洋資源，保護海洋生物多樣性”。