烤煙新品種（系）西南煙區生態適應性研究

曾昭松　吳才源　鄒光進　左成鳳　王定斌　吳傳華

摘要 為全國烤煙新品種（系）篩選、鑒定、推廣提供科學依據，2017年在貴州省興義市開展全國烤煙品種生產試驗，對 4個烤煙品種（系）的農藝性狀、經濟性狀、常規化學成分含量等方面進行分析。結果表明，在興義煙區相同的生態條件和栽培管理下，烤煙新品種（系）間生育期、農藝性狀以及植物學性狀存在明顯差異;云煙207株高最高，為143.3 cm;YATAS8有效葉片數最多，但白粉病發生率最高，其上等煙比例和均價最高。云煙207和YATAS8油分含量以及身份較對照差，化學成分均在適宜的范圍內。

關鍵詞 烤煙;新品種（系）;適應性;生育期;農藝性狀

中圖分類號 S572 文獻標識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2019）17-0044-03

Abstract To provide scientific basis for the screening， identification and promotion of new fluecured tobacco varieties， national fluecured tobacco variety production test was carried out in Xingyi City， Guizhou Province in 2017. The agronomic characters， economic characters and conventional chemical content of four fluecured tobacco varieties were analyzed. Results showed that under the ecological condition and cultivation management in Xingyi Tobacco Growing Area， there were significant differences in growth period， agronomic characters and botanical characters of different varieties. Plant height of Yunyan 207 was the highest （143.3 cm）， YATAS8 showed the greatest effective numbers， but the incidence of powdery mildew was the highest， and its proportion of first class tobacco and average price were both the greatest. Oil contents and status of Yunyan 207 and YATAS8 were poorer than those of control. And the chemical components were all within the proper range.

Key words Fluecured tobacco;New varieties（lines）;Adaptability;Growth period;Agronomic characters

烤煙品種是煙葉產質量和彰顯煙葉風格特色的決定因素之一[1]，相同的烤煙品種在不同的生態條件下具有明顯的地域特征和品種特異性[2]。王毅等[3]對云南主栽烤煙品種K326在不同海拔高度的初烤煙葉卷煙煙氣特征分析，結果顯示不同海拔高度初烤煙葉卷煙煙氣的主要指標值差異很大;劉培玉等[4]對不同烤煙種植生態區與烤煙中性揮發性香氣物質的關系研究表明，煙葉中的致香成分在不同生態條件存在較大差異;高家合等[5]對不同生態環境與煙葉內在質量的關系研究表明，生態環境能較大地影響煙葉的內在質量，但可以通過栽培措施來提高煙葉質量。因此，生態環境條件是影響煙葉品質的重要因素，優質烤煙品種在具有特色生態環境條件下能最大潛力地彰顯該品種的煙葉風格特色[6-7]?！?br>