中巴有條急救走廊

彭納

2019年3月的一天，中巴博愛醫療急救中心（以下簡稱“急救中心”）上演了一場與死神競速的生死救治。來自上海華山醫院的急救中心第三批紅十字醫療隊隊長胡承恩告訴記者，病患因膽囊炎發作導致昏厥，“因為瓜達爾地區的水質問題，這里的人普遍患有膽囊炎、膽結石等病癥。”在被送進急救中心之前，這名患者已經因為膽囊炎發作進過醫院，但由于當地匱乏的醫療資源以及對于病癥的輕視，打完點滴肚子不疼后，患者便出院回家了。讓他沒想到的是，這次發病來勢洶洶。

這只是急救中心問診臺上幾大盒病例中的一例。從醫療隊2017年底來到這個巴國最南端的小鎮至今，裝病例的盒子已經占據了大半個問診臺。要說起這個當地人都知道的中國醫院，那就得從2017年5月17日這一天說起。這天，一個關于“中巴急救走廊”建設的計劃落了地。“中巴經濟走廊開建后，中國紅十字會會長陳竹提出應該在走廊沿線設立一些醫療點，于是，有了‘中巴急救走廊’的概念。”當年9月，由中國紅十字會牽頭、上海華山醫院、上海紅房子醫院、北京999急救中心組成的第一支醫療隊來到了巴基斯坦南部這片沙漠之地。

在距離瓜達爾港大門不遠處，一棟紅白色為主色調的平房格外顯眼，這里便是急救中心所在地。雖然規模不大，但“五臟俱全”，藥房、內科、化驗室、觀察室……“這臺是X光機，在國內都算先進的B超機。”胡隊長帶著我們一邊參觀一邊介紹。

眼前的醫院窗明幾凈、整潔有序，不曾想在2017年時這里還是一片荒地。“第一批十幾個隊員到達這里時，連住房都沒有，只能借瓜達爾港建設方的營地板房，工作、生活。”從胡隊長的口中我們得知，到達這里的第一批隊員既是醫療隊的醫生，又是建設者，“那時，港口的淡水處理廠還沒建起來，大家喝的都只是簡單過濾的水。”很多隊員都出現了腹瀉等水土不服的癥狀，就在這樣的環境下，醫療隊的工作還是逐步開展了起來。

“我記得我們這一批是今年1月到達這里，正好趕上了春節，這也成了我這輩子記憶最深的一個春節。”給胡隊長留下深刻印象的除了這個特別的春節，還有那突然響起的槍聲。

5月11日，本是一個平靜的周六，醫療隊隊員都在營地的醫務室里值班，下午4點左右，一聲槍響刺激到了每一個人的神經。“很快，我們就被轉移到另一個房間，與外界隔絕開來。”胡隊說到這里時語氣中還透著一絲緊張。“事發后第一時間，就是給家里報了平安，隨后，手機信號就斷掉了。”槍聲響了差不多一天，大家心都是懸著的，“還有同事把銀行卡密碼這些信息寫了下來。”

不過，當局勢穩定，事態被控制住后，隊員們又很快投入到了自己的工作中。“我們每一名隊員都不容易，都要有極強的心理素質。”

目前，這個不大的急救中心已經登記接診患者共4280人次，光是第三批醫療隊就診療了近2000人次。

8月底，完成第三批醫療援助任務的胡承恩即將離開這片堅守了大半年的地方，回到祖國，看得出來，胡隊內心有點糾結，既有回國的激動，又有對急救中心的留戀。談起工作他滔滔不絕，“當地醫院的基礎設施、設備不算太差，但是其他缺口很大。”胡隊長給我們舉了幾個例子，醫院手術室的條件不錯，但依舊無法進行手術，因為醫院沒有一個麻醉師。當地醫院的B超機也不錯，但沒有醫生會用。“這也提醒了我們，下一步，在開展援助的同時，也要加強當地醫療人才的培養。”未來，急救中心將全部交付巴基斯坦方運行，“現在，急救中心的巴基斯坦患者占到病患人數的80%-90%，我們在這里看病存在一個很大的弊端——語言。”因為語言不通，急診室里最常出現的畫面是，一個病人旁邊站著4個人，除醫生、護士外，還有一個既能聽懂當地方言又會講烏爾都語的翻譯，他問清病情后轉達給既會烏爾都語又能講一點英文的另一個翻譯，由他再用英文將病情轉達給醫生。“這樣來回翻譯，有些時候病情已經表達得南轅北轍了。”但如果是當地醫生直接坐診，這個問題就不再存在。

據悉，第四批醫療隊將在9月中下旬抵達了這里，一批批隊員用自己的堅守一點點改變著當地人“看病難”的問題，也為急救走廊的建設打下了堅實的基礎。目前，急救走廊的第二個站點將考慮在俾路支省的首府奎塔建設。今后，站點還將沿著“中巴經濟走廊”一路延伸下去。

One day in March 2019， a battle against death happened in China-Pakistan Fraternity Emergency Care Center （“Emergency Care Center”）. Hu Chengen， Head of the 3rd Red Cross Medical Team from Huashan Hospital， Shanghai， told the reporter that the patient’s faint was caused by cholecystitis， “Because of water quality problem in Gwadar District， cholecystitis， gallstone and other diseases are common here.” Before being sent to the Emergency Care Center， the patient had been sent to hospital after an attack of cholecystitis. Yet because of the shortage of local medical resources and neglect over the disease， the patient was discharged from the hospital when he felt well after a transfusion. Little had he expected that， another onset of the disease was more serious.

This was one of the cases contained in the boxes on inquiry counter in the Emergency Care Center. Since late 2017 when the medical team settled down in the southernmost town in Pakistan， the case boxes have occupied half of the inquiry counter. Stories of the well-known Chinese hospital began from May 17， 2017. On that day， a plan of building “ChinaPakistan Emergency Corridor” was worked out.“After the construction of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor began， Chen Zhu， Chairman of Red Cross Society of China， proposed to set up some medical centers along the Corridor， hence the concept ‘ChinaPakistan Emergency Corridor’.” In September that year， the first medical team， initiated by Red Cross Society of China and supported by Huashan Hospital and Red House Hospital in Shanghai and Beijing 999 Emergency Center， set foot on the desert in southern Pakistan.

Not far away from the gate of Gwadar Port， you can see a striking red-white one-storey house， the premise of the Emergency Care Center. Though small in size， the Emergency Care Center is equipped with pharmacy， internal medicine department， clinical laboratory， observation room， and other departments.“This is an X-ray machine， and that is a cutting-edge B-ultrasound scanner. ” Mr. Hu led us around and introduced to us.

The place where the clean and well-arranged hospital sits was once a wasteland in 2017. “When the first batch of 10-plus members came， they had no room to lodge and had to work and live in the camp houses of the contractor of Gwadar Port.” According to Mr. Hu， the first team members acted as doctors of the medical team and builders， “Back then， when the fresh water treatment plant of the Port had yet been built up， they had to drink water with simple treatment.”Unaccustomed to local climate， many team members developed symptoms like diarrhea. Despite such an environment， they still launched their works.

“I remember that this batch arrived here in January this year， when it was time for the Spring Festival. It is the most unforgettable Spring Festival in my life.”Besides the special Spring Festival， another thing that impressed him was a burst of gunfire.

On May 11， an otherwise quiet Saturday， all members of the medical team were on duty in the clinic. Around 4：00 p.m.， a burst of gunfire shocked the nerve of everyone. “Soon， we were transferred to another room and separated from the outside world.”There was a tone of tension when Mr. Hu recalled the matter. “The first thing I did after that was calling home. Afterwards， mobile phone signals broke down.” Sound of the gunfire can be heard almost the whole day. Everyone was nervous， “Some of my colleagues even wrote down information of their bank card password.”

Yet soon after the situation stabilized and everything was controlled， the team members all engaged themselves to their works again. “Each of our team members has a strong heart.”

Up to now， the small emergency center has received 4，280 medical cases， among which 2，000 cases were treated by the third batch of medical team.

In late August， when the third batch of medical care task is finished， Hu Chengen will leave the place where he has worked for over half a year and return home. Mixed feelings can be seen on his face， the excitement of returning home and the reluctance of leaving here. He dashed along about the work here，“The infrastructure and facilities in the hospital are not bad. But there are huge deficiencies in other aspects.”He cited several examples： though the operating room is fine， surgery cannot be done since there is no anesthetist； the B-ultrasound scanner in local hospital is good， but no doctor can operate it. “It also reminds us that going forward， we should train more local medical workers as part of assistance.” In the future， the whole Emergency Care Center will be delivered to Pakistan，“Now the Emergency Care Center receives 80-90% of all Pakistan patients. We face another barrier in offering medical services， language.” Because of the language barrier， a common scene in emergency room is： one patient is surrounded by four people： doctor， nurse， and an interpreter who can understand local dialect and speak Urdu. After making clear of the patient’s conditions， he would convey the information to another interpreter who can speak Urdu and a little English. The latter would convey the information to the doctor in English. “In this way， many errors occur in this process.” There is no such problem for a local doctor.

The 4th medical team arrived here in late August. All members stick to their posts to deliver medical services to local people， laying a solid foundation for the building of “China-Pakistan Emergency Corridor”. At this point， a plan is being made to build the second center of the “China-Pakistan Emergency Corridor”in Quetta， capital of Baluchistan Province. In the future， more such centers will be built along the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.