靳光均





摘 要:地面多分支鉆井與井下鉆孔對接施工時,首先在煤礦井下向上揚適當角度鉆進一個鉆孔,然后在地面進行多分支水平井施工,先鉆進分支,然后鉆進主支,并通過連通儀器實現地面多分支水平井主支與井下鉆孔對接,洗井后,下入篩管形成永久性的氣體通道,實現煤層瓦斯預抽采。本文通過ZX煤礦ZX-1井井下對接實例,介紹了煤層瓦斯抽采井下對接設計及對接專用設備,分析了煤層瓦斯抽采井下對接關鍵技術及問題,提出解決方案,為煤礦瓦斯抽采多分支水平井井下對接技術提供寶貴經驗。
關鍵詞:瓦斯預抽采;多分支水平井;井下鉆孔;井下對接
中圖分類號:TD842 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5168(2019)19-0079-04
Abstract: When surface multi-branch drilling is connected with underground drilling, a drilling hole is first drilled at an appropriate upward angle in the underground coal mine, and then a multi-branch horizontal well is constructed on the ground. First, branches are drilled, then main branches are drilled, and through connecting instruments, the main branches of surface multi-branch horizontal wells are connected with underground drilling holes, and after washing wells, the main branches of underground multi-branch horizontal wells are drilled. The permanent gas passage is formed by entering the sieve tube to realize the pre-extraction of coal seam gas. Through the example of ZX-1 underground docking in the ZX coal mine, this paper introduced the design and special equipment of underground docking in coal seam gas extraction, analyzed the key technologies and problems of underground docking in coal seam gas extraction, and put forward solutions to provide valuable experience for underground butt-joint technology of multi-branch horizontal wells in coal mine gas extraction.
Keywords: gas pre-drainage;multi-branch horizontal wells;downhole drilling;downhole docking
隨著我國煤炭行業的進一步發展,淺層煤炭資源日益減少,煤炭開采正逐步向深部發展,瓦斯治理方法也不斷改變。目前,煤層瓦斯預抽方式基本分為井下抽采和地面鉆井抽采兩大類[1]。其中,井下抽采主要包含井下鉆孔抽采和巷道抽采等;地面鉆井抽采多采用多分支水平井技術,通過定向鉆井技術在入煤點進入煤層后,井眼以煤層走向為基準延伸或者穿層而過,通過主支和分支大幅度增加瓦斯解吸面積,將地面多分支水平井通過井下鉆孔接入煤礦瓦斯抽采管路,利用地面泵站的負壓抽采目的煤層及相鄰煤層中的瓦斯,從而達到高效治理的目的[2,3]。地面多分支水平井瓦斯預抽采技術具有覆蓋面積大,采出瓦斯體積分數高和地面施工效率高的優點[4],現已被廣泛應用于各個地區煤礦瓦斯治理中。……