屺園
——園藝小鎮(zhèn)文創(chuàng)中心

建筑設(shè)計：李興鋼，譚澤陽，姜汶林/中國建筑設(shè)計研究院有限公司

2019 北京世園會園藝小鎮(zhèn)用地西南，構(gòu)建了一處既“開放”又“封閉”的公共空間。

場地東北依托傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)貌的特色小鎮(zhèn)和花田，南側(cè)與現(xiàn)代化的植物館遙望。建筑化整為零，由4 個單坡屋頂兩兩組合形成的L 形體量圍合而成。一條內(nèi)巷將兩個體量區(qū)隔開來，半高的基座又將彼此連綴。內(nèi)巷在西北、東南對角方向設(shè)置公共漫游出入口，成為園區(qū)公共游覽系統(tǒng)的一部分，游客經(jīng)由內(nèi)巷上達(dá)平臺，攀至屋頂，賞望遠(yuǎn)景。使用空間在西南、東北和東南角分設(shè)出入口，互不相擾：西南體量為以展廳、講堂和圖書吧為主的文創(chuàng)服務(wù)空間；東北體量以制作工坊、紀(jì)念品商店等特色產(chǎn)業(yè)體驗1空間為主；基座下設(shè)置管理辦公用房和藝術(shù)家工作室，與服務(wù)區(qū)和產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)便捷相連。各組團(tuán)可分可合，會時各安其位，統(tǒng)一管理；會后亦可合而為一，共同運營。

開放性之余，建筑又希望能實現(xiàn)某種內(nèi)在敘事，從而跟周邊環(huán)境中那些非自然的布景式建筑或景觀保持適當(dāng)距離。將建筑進(jìn)行兩分，“筑房擬山”，完成一種特定的景觀體驗——單坡屋面賦予建筑以強烈的方向性和識別性，同時也完成了象征自然物的“山”與象征人工物的“房”之間的連接和互成：“房”以“山”為對景，位于東北側(cè)；“山”與“房”的基座相連，位于西南側(cè)。相似的坡頂形式，在室內(nèi)分化成兩類不同特征的空間：西南側(cè)體量趴伏，空間呈現(xiàn)出洞穴般的模糊性；東北側(cè)間架清晰，暗合了傳統(tǒng)建筑的空間特征；半高的平臺將“山”與“房”既隔且連，使西南坡頂成為東北側(cè)“房”內(nèi)特殊的

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1 植物館北望，木屋架托起的單坡屋面迎向一片綠樹/Viewing from Botanic Garden to the north, the single-slope roof supported by the wooden frame faces a stretch of green trees

2 東南側(cè)人視，“山”與“房”若即若離的關(guān)系形成主入口/Viewing from the southeast side, the separation of "mountain"and "house" forms the main entrance人造“山”景，謂之以“房”現(xiàn)“山”。 “山”“房”檐廊、閣樓、亭臺共同構(gòu)成一個立體的觀游系統(tǒng)，故名“屺園”。

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“山”的部分采用全現(xiàn)澆清水混凝土墻體承托斜屋面，強化“山穴”的空間特征；“房”的部分采用鋼筋混凝土框架與木屋架復(fù)合的結(jié)構(gòu)體系，象征傳統(tǒng)的木作屋架。“房”中的木屋架采用正交木桁架，等截面的木桿件通過預(yù)制的多向鋼構(gòu)件連接，形成既現(xiàn)代高效，又與傳統(tǒng)榫卯木作有所關(guān)聯(lián)的復(fù)合式節(jié)點。

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 北京世園投資發(fā)展有限責(zé)任公司/Beijing Shiyuan Investment Development Co., Ltd.

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: 李興鋼/LI Xinggang

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊/Design Team: 譚澤陽，姜汶林，袁智敏，譚舟（建筑）；劉文珽，楊松霖（結(jié)構(gòu)）；申靜，郝潔（給排水）；祝秀娟，劉維（暖通）；王旭，王昊（電氣）/TAN Zeyang, JIANG Wenlin, YUAN Zhimin, TAN Zhou(Architecture); LIU Wenting, YANG Songlin (Structure),SHEN Jing, HAO Jie (Plumbing), ZHU Xiujuan, LIU Wei(HVAC), WANG Xu, WANG Hao (Electrical)

材料/Materials: 混凝土，木/Concrete, wood

項目面積/Project Area: 2310m2

造價/Cost: 約2300萬人民幣/Approx. 23M CNY

設(shè)計時間/Design Time: 2018.01

竣工時間/Completion Time: 2019.04

繪圖/Drawings: 姜汶林/JIANG Wenlin

攝影/Photos: 張廣源/ZHANG Guangyuan (fig.1-3,5,6,8)，李維納/LI Weina (fig.4,7)，姜汶林/JIANG Wenlin (fig.9)

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3 二層閣樓，透過木屋架西望瓦屋面與景亭/First floor attic,viewing tile roof and pavilion through the wooden frame to the west

4 總平面/Site plan

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1-展廳/Exhibition hall

2-辦公區(qū)門廳/Reception for the office 3-藝術(shù)家工作室/Artist's studio

4-藝術(shù)家展廊/Gallery

5-展區(qū)門廳/Reception for the exhibition

6-多功能講堂/Multifunctional auditorium 7-講堂前廳/Reception for the auditorium

8-圖書咖啡吧/Library & coへee bar 9-吧臺/Bar counter

10-文創(chuàng)區(qū)門廳/Reception for the culture creation area

11-紀(jì)念品商店/Souvenir store

12-制作工坊/Workshop

13-休息觀景平臺/Veiwing platform

14-濱水咖啡平臺/Waterfront coへee platform 15-庭院/Courtyard

16-室外花房/Outdoor greenhouse

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5 二層檐廊，向南傾斜的木斜撐和狹窄的通道對身體形成特殊的引導(dǎo)/First floor eaves gallery, slanted wooden supports to the south and narrow passageways provide special guidance to the body

6 瓦屋面上反的混凝土墩承托了樹狀木屋架，成為“山”和“房”的中介物/The concrete pier on the reverse side of the tiled house supports the treelike wooden frame, which becomes the intermediary between "mountain" and "house"

7 玻璃廊道輕架在瓦屋面上，將視線引向遠(yuǎn)山/The glass corridor is light on the tiled roof, leading to the distant mountains

8 首層平面/Ground floor plan

9.10 剖面/Sections

Horticulture Village of Beijing Horticultural Exhibition 2019, which sits in the southwest of the site, produces a both "open" and "closed" space.

The northeast area of the site relies on the small towns with traditional characteristic features while the south side echoes the modern Botanical Pavilion from afar. The building is divided from a whole body into parts, surrounded by the L-shaped volumes formed by two pairs of four single-pitched roofs. The two volumes are separated by an inner alley and connected by a half-height pedestal. The public roaming entrance and exit are set to the inner alley which is located from northwest to southeast diagonally, becoming a part of the public tour system of the park. Visitors reach the platform through the inner alley, climb to the roof, and enjoy the vistas. Entrances and exits are placed independently without interference in the southwest, northeast and southeast corner of the usable spaces, with the southwest volume as a cultural and creative service space dominated by an exhibition hall, a lecture hall and a book bar, and the northeast as an characteristic industrial experience space featured by a manufacture workshop and a souvenir shop.Below the pedestal, there are management office rooms and an artist's studio, which conveniently connect to the service area and industrial area. Each group can be independent or combined, fitting its position under unified management during the exhibition and merges into an entirety operated together after.

In addition to openness, there is a kind of internal narrative which is hoped to be achieve in the architecture, so as to keep a proper distance from the unnatural scenery-style buildings or landscapes in the surrounding environment. The building is divided into two parts, which mean "resemble mountains through building houses", to complete a specific landscape experience, an intense directionality and identification endowed to the building due to singlepitched roofs, and also to accomplish the connection and mutual integration between the "mountain"symbolising natural objects and the "house"symbolising artefacts. The "house" as the opposite scenery of the "mountain", is located in the northeast while the "mountain" that connects to the base of the "house" is set in the southwest. Similar sloping roof forms are divided into two types of spaces with diへerent characteristics. The volume in the southwest is prone which present cave-like indistinct spaces,and the clear frames in the northeast implies the spatial characteristics of the traditional architecture.Half height platform separates and connects the"mountain" and the "house", making the southwest sloping roof become the special artificial "mountain"scenery in the "house" on the northeast side, which is called embodying "mountain" by "house". "mountain","house", eave galleries, attics, pavilions, together constitute a three-dimensional system of tour and view, hence named "Mountain Garden".

Entire cast-in-situ concrete walls support the inclined roof in the part of "mountain", which strengthens the spatial characteristics of a "cave".Composite structural system of reinforced concrete frame and timber roof truss is adopted in the part of "house", which resembles traditional wooden roof frame. The orthogonal timber trusses applied in the"house", in which wood members with uniform cross sections connect each other by prefabricated multidirectional steel members, form composite joints fashionably efficiently, and also connect traditional tenon-and-mortise works.

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11 花田南望，坡頂漂浮于基座上，透出內(nèi)部的另一層瓦屋面，以房現(xiàn)山/Viewing from the garden to the south, the roof of the slope floats on the base, revealing another layer of tile roof inside, showing the "mountain" through a "house"

12 永寧閣西望，瓦屋面與近處園藝小鎮(zhèn)的坡頂形成對話/Viewing from the Yongning Pavilion to the west, the tile roof forms a dialogue with the slope roof of the nearby Horticulture Village

13 “山”內(nèi)的洞穴空間，洞口結(jié)合多個標(biāo)高的地面使空間深遠(yuǎn)不盡/The "cave-like" space in the "mountain", combined with multiple levels, makes the space far-reaching