何佩娟 劉子林 李貢文

【摘要】 目的:探究地塞米松聯合異煙肼鞘內注射治療結核性腦膜炎的效果及對腦脊液中炎性因子水平的影響。方法:選取2015年4月-2017年5月本院收治的84例結核性腦膜炎患者,采用隨機數字表法將患者分為對照組和觀察組,各42例。對照組給予常規治療和使用異煙肼鞘內注射,觀察組在對照組的基礎上加用地塞米松注射液。隨訪6個月,記錄治療前后白介素-8(IL-8)和干擾素γ(IFN-γ),用漢密爾頓焦慮量表(HAMA)對兩組患者治療前后的焦慮情緒進行評定觀察,比較兩組的治療總有效率。結果:治療前,兩組患者的IL-8和IFN-γ比較,差異均無統計學意義(P>0.05);治療后,兩組患者IL-8和IFN-γ均明顯低于治療前,且觀察組患者IL-8和IFN-γ水平均低于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:地塞米松聯合異煙肼鞘內注射可有效治療結核性腦膜炎,可改善結核性腦膜炎患者的腦脊液炎性因子水平,還可有效改善結核性腦膜炎患者的不良情緒,利于恢復健康。
【關鍵詞】 結核性腦膜炎; 地塞米松; 異煙肼; 炎性因子
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the effect of Dexamethasone combined with Isoniazid intrathecal injection on tuberculous meningitis and the level of inflammatory factors in cerebrospinal fluid.Method:84 patients with tuberculous meningitis admitted to our hospital from April 2015 to May 2017 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,42 cases in each group.The control group was given routine treatment and intrathecal Isoniazid injection,and the observation group was treated with Dexamethasone injection on the basis of the control group.The patients were followed up for 6 months.The interleukin-8(IL-8)and interferon γ(IFN-γ)were recorded before and after treatment.The anxiety of the two groups before and after treatment were evaluated with the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),the total effective rate was compared between the two groups.Result:Before treatment,there were no significant differences in IL-8 and IFN-γ between the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,IL-8 and IFN-γ in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);IL-8 and IFN-γ in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Intrathecal injection of Dexamethasone combined with Isoniazid can treat tuberculous meningitis effectively,improve the level of cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory factors in patients with tuberculous meningitis,but also can effectively improve the bad mood of tuberculous meningitis patients,conducive to the recovery of health.
【Key words】 Tuberculous meningitis; Dexamethasone; Isoniazid; Inflammatory factor
First-authors address:Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital,Nanchang 330000,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.11.011
結核性腦膜炎(TBM)是臨床常見的神經系統結核病,是由于結核分枝桿菌侵入中樞神經系統而引起的軟腦膜、蛛網膜及腦實質、腦血管的病變,本病若未及時治療病死率極高[1]。鞘內注射方法治療有利于極性大藥物通過血腦屏障,有利于治療中樞性疾病。目前臨床主要使用抗結合藥物如異煙肼鞘內注射但治療效果并不理想,不良反應多且極易引起耐藥性[2-3]。糖皮質激素類藥物有強大的抗感染作用,抑制炎性反應,能顯著改善TBM患者腦水腫程度,降低患者死亡率,減輕神經系統后遺癥,可廣泛應用于TBM治療中[4]。本研究將探討地塞米松聯合異煙肼鞘內注射治療TBM的效果及對腦脊液中炎性因子水平的影響,為進一步尋找治療結核性腦膜炎的方法提供依據。現報道如下。
綜上,在TBM患者中,使用地塞米松聯合異煙肼鞘內注射治療效果顯著,可明顯提高患者的生活質量,改善患者情緒,改善腦脊液中各指標水平,可作為TBM的重要治療方法。
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(收稿日期:2018-09-11) (本文編輯:張爽)