個性化護患溝通模式在ICU病房患者護理中的應用效果

潘新群 李秋 彭慧

[摘要]目的 探討個性化護患溝通模式在ICU病房患者護理中的應用效果。方法 選取2016年6月～2018年6月我院外科手術后轉入ICU病房的84例患者納入研究，用隨機數字表法分為對照組和觀察組，每組各42例。對照組采用集束化護理，觀察組在此基礎上應用個性化護患溝通模式。比較兩組護理滿意度評分、ICU綜合征發生率、情緒評分。結果 干預后，觀察組護理總滿意度各項評分普遍高于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；干預后，觀察組ICU綜合征發生率低于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；干預后，兩組情緒評分均下降（P<0.05），其中觀察組抑郁、焦慮評分均低于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 個性化護患溝通模式應用于ICU病房患者護理中的效果突出，可有效減輕ICU患者焦慮、抑郁等情緒，降低ICU綜合征的發生率，提高患者的生活質量，值得進一步推廣。

[關鍵詞]ICU綜合征；個性化護患溝通模式；集束化護理；預防應用

[中圖分類號] R472.2 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-4721（2019）4（a）-0217-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of personalized nurse-patient communication mode on nursing in intensive care unit （ICU） ward. Methods Eighty-six patients who were transferred to the ICU ward after surgery from June 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled in the study. By random number table method， the patients were divided into the control group and observation group， 42 cases in each group. The control group was treated with cluster nursing， and the observation group was provided with personalized nurse-patient communication mode besides cluster nursing. The nursing satisfaction score， the incidence of ICU syndrome， and the emotional score were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention， the scores of nursing satisfaction in the observation group were generally higher than those in the control group， with statistical significance （P<0.05）. The incidence of ICU syndrome in the observation group was lower than that in the control group after intervention， with significant difference （P<0.05）. After the intervention， the emotional scores of both groups decreased （P<0.05）. The scores of depression and anxiety in the observation group were both lower than those in the control group with statistical significance （P<0.05）. Conclusion The personalized nurse-patient communication mode is effective on patients′ nursing in ICU ward. It can effectively alleviate the occurrence of anxiety and depression in ICU patients， reduce the incidence of ICU syndrome， and improve patients′ quality of life， which is worthy of further spread.

[Key words] ICU syndrome； Personalized nurse-patient communication mode； Cluster nursing； Preventive application

ICU綜合征是指患者在ICU病房內因治療環境、自身疾病、干預手段等多種因素引起的以精神癥狀為主的臨床綜合征[1]。其臨床表現可見記憶力減弱、失眠、感覺異常、思維障礙、知覺減退、情緒焦慮，呈波動性發作[2]。若ICU患者出現該綜合征，可對患者的康復和未來生活造成不利的影響，因此臨床上主張護理干預進行及時預防[3]。集束化護理將循證理念引入病房，為ICU患者創造實踐指南，但也有效果單一等局限性[4]。而個性化護患溝通模式因病制宜、因人而異，根據每個患者不同的特點個性化護理，來滿足患者的需要，提高醫療服務的滿意度，近年在重癥病的防治中應用頗廣[5]。由于個性化護患溝通模式在ICU病房患者護理中的研究較少，為證實其干預效果，本研究嘗試在集束化護理的基礎上予以個性化護患溝通，現報道如下。