Angola's go-to app for delivering live goats to your door

江蘇河海大學 李勁松

海詞積累

1.hideous（Para.1）adj.令人厭惡的；非常可怕的

His family was subjected to a hideous attack by the gang.他一家子遭到了匪幫的可怕襲擊。

2.chore（Para.1）n.日常事務；令人厭煩的任務

This is something of a chore and is quite easy to forget to do.這種事情有點繁雜，而且很容易忘記做。

3.scooter（Para.1）n.小型摩托車

On thescooterwe sang some of the old songs.在摩托車上，我們唱起了老歌。

4.slalom（Para.1）v.進行障礙滑雪賽；曲折前進

She drove with reckless speed，slalomingin and out of the stalled cars.她發瘋似的開車，在拋錨的車輛間繞進繞出。

5.ingredient（Para.2）n.成分；要素；因素

Investment in new product development is an essential ingredient of corporate success.注入資金開發新產品是公司成功的必要因素。6.offshoot（Para.2）n.（組織等的）分支；分支機構

The company was originally anoffshootof Bell Telephone.該公司原本是貝爾電話公司的一家分支機構。

7.revenue（Para.3）n.（公司、機構的）收益；收入

Strikes have cost￡20 million in lostrevenues.罷工造成的損失達2，000萬英鎊。8.slaughter（Para.4）v.屠宰（動物）

Lack of chicken feed means that chicken farms are having to slaughter their stock.飼料不足意味著養雞場將不得不宰殺雞。

9.jollity（Para.4）n.歡樂；歡鬧

a night of riotous jollity狂歡的夜晚

10.expat（Para.5）（short for expatriate）n. 居住在國外的人；僑民

Britishexpatsliving in Spain生活在西班牙的英國僑民11.vend（Para.5）v.售賣

I believe that those whovendthese computing systems and sell about 20 to 30 a year will find that the cloud becomes a new and more lucrative channel.我相信，對那些每年推銷20至30套數據處理系統的人來說，云計算將成為更具營利性的經營途徑。

12.equivalent（Para.6）adj.等同的；等值的

a qualification which isequivalentto a degree相當于學位的資歷

African cities are tasty markets for fooddelivery apps.The continent has 21 of the world's 30 fastest-growing urban areas，where an expanding middle class boasts smartphones and spare cash.These cities also havehideoustraffic，so it's achoreto drive a car to a restaurant.But deliveryscooterscanslalomthrough jams.

These were theingredientsthat made possible the rise of several food-deliverystart-upsin Africa.Jumia Food delivers meals to urban dwellers in 11 countries.In South Africa Mr D Foodcompetes withUber Eats，anoffshootof the Americanride-hailingapp.Tupuca has been bringing meals to residents of Angola's capital， Luanda， since 2016.

Like its peers Tupuca began by connecting hungry users with restaurants.Delivering prepared food stillaccounts formost of itsrevenue.The firm's 140 drivers make 17，000 deliveries a month for consumers who spend an average of$40 per order.Since October，however，users of the Tupuca app have begun to see other options alongside pizzas，burgers andsushi.They can buy coal， petrol， fruit and vegetables.Or they can purchase live animals，such as chickens （$7 for a big clucker， $5 for a middling one）， pigs （$124 and$103） or goats （$82 and$64）.

①To offer these animals，Tupuca has teamed up with Roque Online，a start-up named after Mercado Roque Santeiro，a huge，open-air informal market in Luanda that was closed by the nanny state（保姆式國家）in2011.②Roque Online employs an army of runners whotrack downthe best produce.③They buy the goat， say， take it to a driver and， before too long， the animal is on its way to a party （where it will beslaughteredamid greatjollity）.

Erickson Mvezi， Tupuca's CEO， says the new feature is“breaking down barriers between informal and formal markets”.Luanda has asizeablemiddle class，plus plenty ofexpatsand a richelite.But it also has millions of poor people living inslumswedgedbetweenskyscrapers.More than a third of households have at least one person living by informal vending.Through Tupuca and Roque Online they can sell to more people.

In the West many peoplefretthat thegigeconomy encourages insecure work.But in sub-Saharan Africa，where the informal economy isequivalentto more than a third of GDP，about twice that in rich countries.By opening bigger markets for vendors，technology may help them grow richer，one goat at a time.No kidding.

——From The Economist

文本探究

探究視角1：語篇分析

本文是一篇說明文。非洲城市中產階級不斷擴大，使得外賣行業的創業公司不斷崛起。其中圖普卡軟件已經開始為用戶提供配送熟食以外的服務，客戶甚至可以下單買活的動物，外賣員騎著輕便小車可以順利穿行送貨。新的技術打開了更大的市場，這種零工對富人和窮人都有好處，促進了非洲經濟的發展。

篇章結構梳理：

典型段落段內結構分析：

Para.4

句子序號 句義概括 句間關系① Tupuca has teamed up with Roque Online. 段落主旨句② Roque Online tracks down the best produce. 主要措施③ The animal is sent to the consumer by the driver. 例證的細節

探究視角2：語言學習

Ⅰ.熱詞積累

詞匯復現01 start-up品句會意/stɑ?t?p/n.初創企業Thousands and thousands of start-ups have poured into the computer market.成千上萬家新成立的公司涌入了電腦市場。

詞匯復現 品句會意02 ride-hailing/ra?dhe?l?? /n.打車服務Since new regulations on ride-hailing services have come into force across China,drivers have been applying for the accreditation examination.自從網約車服務的新規定在中國生效起，網約車司機已經在申請認證考試。03 sushi /'su??i/n.壽司a sushi bar壽司店04 sizeable /'sa?z?bl/adj.相當大的a sizeable amount of money數目可觀的一筆錢05/e?'li?t/n.(社會)精英；上層人士In these countries,only the elite can afford an education for their children.在這些國家里，只有上層人士才供得起子女上學。elite 06 slum /sl?m/n.（城市中的）貧民窟；貧民區She was brought up in the slums of Leeds.她是在利茲的貧民區長大的。07 wedge /wed?/v.把……擠入The phone was wedged under his chin.電話夾在他下巴下面。08 skyscraper/'ska?skre?p?（r）/n.摩天大樓The skyscraper towers into the clouds.那幢摩天大樓高聳入云。09 fret /fret/v.苦惱；焦慮不安She's always fretting about the children.她老是為孩子發愁。10 gig /ɡ?ɡ/n.（尤指臨時的）工作；零工a gig as a basketball coach臨時籃球教練11 compete with They found themselves competing with foreign companies for a share of the market.他們發現自己在與外國公司爭奪市場份額。12 account for占（一定數量或比例）Afro-Americans account for 12%of the US population.非裔美國人占美國人口的12%。13 team up with合作；（與某人）結成一隊You can team up with one other class member if you want.如果你愿意的話，可以找一個同學組成一組。14 track down追蹤到；追查到I finally managed to track down the book you wanted in a shop near the station.我終于在車站附近的一家店里找到了你想要的那本書。

Ⅱ.詞匯拓展

一、近義詞

1.zigzag v.作之字形行進；曲折進行（n.之字形；鋸齒紋）

slalom v.進行障礙滑雪賽；曲折前進（n.障礙滑雪賽）

e.g.The path zigzagged down the hillside.小路沿著山坡蜿蜒而下。

e.g.Once， before any of us kids had a license， we spent an entire afternoon piloting someone's old car in reverse，trying to slalom between the trees in a field.一次，我們這幫小孩都還沒拿到駕照的時候，我們用人家的老轎車倒了一整個下午車，試著在一片田野的樹木間穿來穿去。

2.chore n.日常事務；令人厭煩的任務

errand n.差事；跑腿

e.g.Shopping is a real chore for me.對我來說，購物真是件苦差。

e.g.He often runs errands for his grandmother.他經常給他的祖母跑腿兒。

二、形近詞

revenue n.（公司、機構的）收益；收入revenge n.報復；報仇

e.g.advertising revenue廣告收入

e.g.She wanted revenge for the insult.她想報受辱之仇。

三、詞的發音

一個詞同時是名詞和動詞:凡是兩個音節的，名詞（往往是抽象名詞）重音都在第一音節，動詞重音都在第二音節。

e.g.conduct n./'k?nd?kt/舉止；行為

v./k?n'd?kt/執行；組織

produce n./'pr?dju?s/農產品

v./pr?'dju?s/引起；生產

凡是三個音節以上的抽象名詞重音都在倒數第二個音節。

e.g.comprehension/,k?mpr?'hen?n/n.理解力

derivation/der?'ve??n/n.起源；由來

如果不是抽象名詞，則重音不一定在倒數第二個音節。

e.g.derivative/d?'r?v?t?v/n.派生物；衍生品；派生詞

Ⅲ.難句分析

1.To offer these animals， Tupuca has teamed up with Roque Online， a start-up named after Mercado Roque Santeiro， a huge， open-air informal market in Luanda that was closed by the nanny state in 2011.

句子主干是 “Tupuca has teamed up with Roque Online.”,To offer these animals是不定式表目的，a startup是Roque Online的同位語;named after Mercado Roque Santeiro是過去分詞作后置定語， 修飾a start-up；a huge，open-air informal market in Luanda是Mercado Roque Santeiro的同位語，that was closed by the nanny state in 2011是定語從句，修飾market。從這個例句可以看出，英文句子中往往用同位語來解釋一個東西，而不全用定語從句，更不常用一個簡單句跟在句子后面解釋。

2.More than a third of households have at least one person living by informal vending.

句子主干是 “More than a third of households have at least one person.”，living by informal vending是現在分詞作后置定語，修飾one person。household指一個家庭，同住一所房子的人，也可指家務;還可作形容詞，指家喻戶曉的。

e.g.Today，fashion designers are household names.如今，時裝設計師們家喻戶曉。

探究視角3：文化拓展

“非洲巴西”——安哥拉

安哥拉共和國，簡稱安哥拉，位于非洲西南部，首都羅安達，西濱大西洋，北及東北鄰剛果民主共和國，南鄰納米比亞，東南鄰贊比亞，另有一塊外飛地（指某國家擁有一塊與本國分離開來的領土，該領土被其他國家包圍，則該領土稱為某國的外飛地）卡賓達省與剛果共和國、剛果民主共和國相鄰。

安哥拉經濟以農業和礦產為主，也有煉油工業，主要分布于卡賓達的濱海地帶。食品加工、造紙、水泥及紡織等工業也比較成熟。安哥拉的經濟潛力非常高，它很有潛力成為將來非洲最富裕的一個國家。作為葡萄牙曾經的屬地，其有“非洲的巴西”之稱。安哥拉國力因石油生產而快速成長。該國地大物博，國土富饒，未開發的資源十分豐富，沿岸共蘊藏了超過131億桶的石油，內陸也有鉆石出產。隨著非洲中產階層人數不斷壯大，非洲零售業的供需關系正在發生變化。非洲開發銀行數據顯示，撒哈拉以南非洲地區中產階層人數已增至約3.5億人，其中南非、肯尼亞、加納和安哥拉的中產階層人數最多。安哥拉兔（Angora）是世界著名的毛用型兔品種，長毛兔的一種，其毛發濃密細長。

參考譯文

安哥拉一款能送活羊上門的外賣軟件

非洲城市是外賣軟件發展的一片沃土。世界上發展最快的30個城市中，有21個在這塊大陸上。這些城市帶動中產階級不斷擴大，智能手機飛速普及，人們手里的閑錢也越來越多。但與此同時，市區交通擁堵嚴重，不大容易開車去餐館，但外賣員騎著輕便小車可以順利穿行。

正是這些因素使得外賣行業的創業公司能在非洲崛起。俊雅食品公司為11個國家的城市居民配送外賣。在南非，D先生食品甚至能與優步（美國叫車軟件）旗下的優食相比肩。自2016年以來，圖普卡一直為安哥拉首都羅安達的居民配送食物。

像他的同行一樣，圖普卡也是開餐館來吸引饑餓的顧客，配送外賣仍然是它的主要收入來源。該公司的140名司機每月為消費者送貨1.7萬件，平均每個訂單40美元。不過，自去年10月以來，圖普卡軟件已經開始為用戶提供比薩、漢堡和壽司以外的服務。他們可以買煤、汽油、水果和蔬菜，也可以購買活的動物，例如雞（大只的7美元，中等的5美元）、豬（124美元，103美元）或山羊（82美元，64美元）。

為了購進這些活物，圖普卡與洛克在線合作。洛克在線是以羅安達的洛克·桑塔若集市命名的創業公司。這是一個巨大的非正規露天市場，2011年被安哥拉這個保姆式的國家關閉了。洛克在線雇用了一群人追蹤質量最好的農產品。比如說，他們買羊以后交給一個司機，不久以后，這只羊就被送去聚餐的飯桌上了（人是喜氣洋洋，羊則嗚嗚待宰）。

圖普卡首席執行官埃里克森·姆韋茲表示，公司推出的這項新功能“打破了非正式和正式市場之間的壁壘”。羅安達有龐大的中產階級，外加大量外籍人士和富裕的精英階層，但它也有數百萬窮人住在摩天大樓間的貧民窟里。超過三分之一的家庭中，至少有一人靠非正式的售貨渠道生活。通過圖普卡和洛克在線，他們可以吸引更多的顧客。

在西方，許多人擔心打零工會讓部分人的工作更不穩定。但是在撒哈拉以南的非洲地區，非正規經濟占國內生產總值的三分之一以上，大約是富裕國家的兩倍。技術為供應商打開了更大的市場，讓他們更富有。一次一只羊，不帶玩笑的。