張瑞春 蔡清華 滕清霞 陳燕輝
【摘要】 目的:觀察口腔果味低溫治療預防造血干細胞移植患者口腔黏膜炎的效果。方法:選取2016年3月-2018年3月55例首次行造血干細胞移植患者,按照隨機數字表法將其分為對照組30例,觀察組25例。對照組應用常規口腔低溫治療,觀察組采用口腔果味低溫治療。比較兩組患者口腔黏膜炎發生率及口腔低溫治療時間。結果:對照組口腔低溫治療時間為(3.05±0.79)h,短于觀察組的(4.79±0.89)h,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。觀察組患者口腔黏膜炎發生率為20.00%,顯著低于對照組的46.67%,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:口腔果味低溫治療可有效預防造血干細胞移植患者口腔黏膜炎的發生。
【關鍵詞】 口腔果味低溫治療 口腔黏膜炎 造血干細胞移植
[Abstract] Objective: To observe the effect of oral fruit-flavored hypothermia on prevention of oral mucositis in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Method: A total of 55 patients who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the first time from March 2016 to March 2018 were selected and divided into the control group (30 cases) and the observation group (25 cases) according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional oral hypothermia, while the observation group was treated with oral fruit-flavor hypothermia. The incidence of oral mucositis and time of oral hypothermia treatment were compared between the two groups. Result: The time of oral hypothermia treatment in the control group was (3.05±0.79) h, which was shorter than (4.79±0.89) h in the observation group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of oral mucositis in the observation group was 20.00%, which was significantly lower than 46.67% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Oral fruit-flavored hypothermia can effectively prevent the occurrence of oral mucositis in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
造血干細胞移植是指對患者進行全面照射、化療和免疫抑制預處理后,將正常供體或自體的造血細胞注入患者體內,使之重建正常造血和免疫功能,是治療血液系統疾病的有效方法[1]。口腔黏膜炎是造血干細胞移植患者常見的具有潛在危險性的并發癥[2]。既往研究報道,75%~99%的患者在造血干細胞移植過程中會出現不同程度的口腔黏膜炎,其中Ⅲ~Ⅳ級口腔黏膜炎可高達67.4%[3];伴隨口腔黏膜炎的發生,患者出現口腔疼痛、進食困難、營養障礙、病程延長等問題,增加了護理難度和患者住院費用。研究發現,移植預處理期間通過局部冷療(即口腔內含服冰塊法),可以預防口腔黏膜炎的發生[4]。本研究利用水果的甘甜口感,制作果味冰塊用于口腔低溫治療,取得了滿意效果,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取2016年3月-2018年3月福建某三級甲等綜合醫院接受外周血造血干細胞移植患者55例。納入標準:(1)符合造血干細胞移植適應證的血液系統疾病;(2)預處理均采用標準計量清髓方案[5]。……