Shelley and his greatest poem To the Moon

江蘇南菁高級中學(xué) 薛海燕

話題導(dǎo)入

Step 1感知·閱讀導(dǎo)航

這是一篇傳記節(jié)選，包含詩歌欣賞和作者背景信息解讀。《致月亮》一詩表達(dá)了詩人與月亮心心相通、惺惺相惜的心態(tài)情感。詩中的月亮被人性化，被賦予了人類的品格。詩人想象月亮因不停地攀登天堂，不斷地凝望地球而感到疲倦困乏；在不同的星辰之間孤獨(dú)地穿梭流浪，沒有同伴相陪；像一只無歡樂的眼睛，因找不到值得長久停留的目標(biāo)而變化不斷。

雪萊詩歌中的月亮其實(shí)是寫他自己，字里行間詩人的彷徨、苦悶、失望的心情，在作者背景信息中都能一一對應(yīng)，雪萊的經(jīng)歷、立場、信念也都濃縮在詩歌里。

全文250字，建議用時(shí)5分鐘。

閱讀立意

閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)達(dá)到以下四個(gè)目標(biāo)：

1.模仿詩歌的朗讀方式，通過嘗試翻譯賞析中英文語言，關(guān)注押韻的寫作特征，體會(huì)詩歌的音韻美；

2.體悟《致月亮》的主題意義和象征手法的運(yùn)用，與相同意象的蘇軾的《水調(diào)歌頭》進(jìn)行對比閱讀，體會(huì)兩首詩歌的意象美；

3.通過與《水調(diào)歌頭》的對比閱讀，聯(lián)系作者背景信息，進(jìn)行語言的賞析，感悟詩歌簡潔語言背后的深意，體會(huì)詩歌的語言美；

4.通過品讀Robert Burns的《一朵紅紅的玫瑰》，賞析三首詩歌“象征”手法的運(yùn)用，再次體悟詩歌的音韻美、意象美和語言美。

未讀先知

1.parliament（Para.2） n.議會(huì)；國會(huì)

2.expel（Para.2） v.驅(qū)逐出境

3.atheist（Para.2）n.無神論者

4.controversy（Para.4） n.爭議；論戰(zhàn)

5.trio（Para.5） n.三人組

Percy Bysshe Shelley， an English poet of the early nineteenth century， is widely thought of as one of the most important poets of the Romantic Movement in English literature.Some of his poems， like Ozymandias and Ode to the West Wind， are among the most famous in English.

Born in Horsham，Sussex，Shelley was the son of a member ofParliament.He attended the University of Oxford.However，one year later he wasexpelledfrom the University for beingan atheist.

Shelley married young，but left his wife to run away with Mary Godwin.After Shelley's first wife committed suicide， Shelley married Mary Godwin， who later became famous as Mary Shelley，the author of the novel Frankenstein.

Shelley left England and spent much of his life travelling in Europe，especially in Italy.He became a close friend of poet Lord Byron，who also left England and traveled in Europe because ofcontroversyat home.

About a month before his 30th birthday，Shelley drowned in a boating accident off the coast of Italy.He was one of thetrioof important English Romantic poets of the same generation who died young;the other two were Lord Byron and John Keats.

To the Moon Percy Bysshe Shelley

Art thou pale for weariness Of climbing heaven and gazing on the earth,

Wandering companionless

Among the stars that have a different birth,—

And ever changing,like a joyless eye

That finds no object worth its constancy?

Step 2 實(shí)踐·文本解讀

立意呈現(xiàn)

Ⅰ.Grasp the main content

How do you feel from listening/reading to the poem?

A.Happy and cheerful.B.Sad and lonely.

C.Jealous and resentful

D.Brave and ambitious.

Ⅱ.Understand the structure

1.What features does the moon have in this poem?

2.Can you follow the example and translate the title and the underlined lines into Chinese?Pay attention to the rhyme.

3.Read the poem again and Para.2～4 to learn about Shelley's experiences and predict what feelings are conveyed in the poem?

4.Read Para.1 and Para.5， what are Shelley's achievements?

【點(diǎn)石成金】將詩歌與作者背景信息進(jìn)行鏈接，欣賞中英文語言美，感悟詩歌的主題意義，了解雪萊的文學(xué)地位。通過對詩歌音韻美（rhythmic beauty）， 意象美（imagery beauty）和語言美（linguistic beauty）的欣賞，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對美的審辨能力。

Step 3 運(yùn)用·讀寫整合

對比閱讀

1.Both poets，Su Shi and Shelley are from different countries， speak different languages，and live in different times.Why can we create a talk between these two masters?

2.Listen to the tape and recite the poem written by Su Shi.

水調(diào)歌頭

蘇軾

明月幾時(shí)有?

把酒問青天。

不知天上宮闕，

今夕是何年?

我欲乘風(fēng)歸去，

又恐瓊樓玉宇，

高處不勝寒。

起舞弄清影，

何似在人間？

轉(zhuǎn)朱閣，

低綺戶，

照無眠。

不應(yīng)有恨，

何事長向別時(shí)圓？

人有悲歡離合，

月有陰晴圓缺，

此事古難全。

但愿人長久，

千里共嬋娟。

Prelude to the Melody of Water

How long will the bright moon appear?

Wine-cup in hand，I ask the sky.

I do not know what time of year

It would be tonight in the palace on high.

Riding the wind， there I would fly，

Yet I fear the crystal palace would be

Far too high and cold for me.

I rise and dance，with my shadow I play.

On high as on earth，would it be as gay?

The moon goes round the mansion red

Through gauze-draped windows soft to shed

Her light upon the sleepless bed

Against man she should have no spite.

Why then when people part is she oft full and bright?

Men have sorrow and joy，they part or meet again;

The moon may be bright or dim，she may was or wane.

There has been nothing perfect since the olden days.

So let us wish that man

Will live long as he can!

Though miles apart，we'll share the beauty she displays.

發(fā)展思維

1.Both Shelley and Su Shi use______as a symbol.

2.What is the theme of this Chinese poem Prelude to the Melody of Water?

【點(diǎn)石成金】通過對不同時(shí)期、不同語言、相似主題的詩歌進(jìn)行對比賞析，可以提升文化意識(shí)，進(jìn)行審美體驗(yàn)，習(xí)得象征手法在詩歌中的作用，發(fā)展學(xué)生的思維。

Step 4 提升·素養(yǎng)建構(gòu)

寫作技巧

What is the function of symbolism in poems?What does a red rose symbolize in Robert Burns'poem A Red，Red Rose？

視野拓展

摘錄著名翻譯家王佐良先生關(guān)于語言學(xué)習(xí)的以下見地，為本課詩歌賞析注腳：

1.通過文化來學(xué)習(xí)語言，語言也會(huì)學(xué)得更好；

2.文體、風(fēng)格的研究是有實(shí)際用途的，它可以使我們更深入地觀察英語的性能，看到英語的長處、短處，以及我們在學(xué)習(xí)英語時(shí)應(yīng)該特別注意或警惕的地方。因?yàn)橐环矫嬗⒄Z不難使用，一方面又在不小心或過分小心的使用者面前布滿了陷阱。

3.語言之所以有魅力，風(fēng)格之所以值得研究，主要是因?yàn)楹竺嬗幸粋€(gè)大的精神世界：但這兩者又必須藝術(shù)地融合在一起，因此語言表達(dá)力同思想洞察力又是互相促進(jìn)的。

請細(xì)品詩歌 A Red Red Rose。

A Red，Red Rose

Robert Burns

O my Luve's like a red， red rose，

That's newly sprung in June;

O my Luve's like the melodie，

That's sweetly play'd in tune.

As fair art thou， my bonie lass，

So deep in luve am I;

And I will luve thee still， my dear，

Till a'the seas gang dry.

Till a'the seas gang dry， my dear，

And the rocks melt wi'the sun;

And I will luve thee still， my dear，

While the sands o'life shall run.

And fare-thee-weel，my only Luve!

And fare-thee-weel，a while!

And I will come again， my Luve，

Tho'it were ten thousand mile!

一朵紅紅的玫瑰

王佐良（譯）

呵，我的愛人像朵紅紅的玫瑰，

六月里迎風(fēng)初開；

呵，我的愛人像支甜甜的曲子，

奏得和諧又合拍。

我的好姑娘，多么美麗的人兒!

請看我，多么深摯的愛情!

親愛的，我永遠(yuǎn)愛你，

縱使大海干枯水流盡。

縱使大海干枯水流盡，

太陽將巖石燒作灰塵，

親愛的，我永遠(yuǎn)愛你，

只要我一息猶存。

珍重吧，我唯一的愛人，

珍重吧，讓我們暫時(shí)別離，

但我定要回來，

哪怕千里萬里！