The Exploration for Innovative College Student on New Engineering Situation

Yi Ma＊, Dongming Chen , Beilei Wang

Abstract: Under the premise of building an innovation-oriented country and cultivating new engineering innovative talents, how to carry out the teaching of professional innovative learning,cultivate the innovative thinking of the students, and improve the teaching mode and the curriculum form have become the main directions for deepening the reform of higher education. This article analyses the main problems existing in cultivating new engineering innovative talents for college students, probes into solutions, puts forward teaching methods and gives evaluation methods. The use of CDIO, innovative practice, combining production, learning and research methods to improve students' innovative abilities, practice shows that the exploration of reform can get a good training effect.

Key words: new engineering situation; teaching reform; teaching methods and measures

1 Introduction

The cultivation of new engineering innovative students is the basis of building a new type of country and also an important goal of undergraduate education. How to carry out the teaching of professional and innovative learning and cultivate the innovative thinking of students have become deepened both from the teaching mode and the curriculum form one of the main directions of higher education reform[1-2]. Relative to the traditional engineering talents, the emerging industries and the new economy in the future define the new engineering talents as high-quality and complex talents with strong engineering practice ability, strong innovation ability and international competitiveness.

New Engineering students training cannot be separated from institutions of higher learning. On the one hand, institutions of higher learning need to take the initiative in the layout of emerging engineering specialty construction, layout in advance to train talents to lead the development of technology and industry in the future, on the other hand, it is also necessary to speed up the transformation and upgrading of traditional engineering majors, to cultivate existing engineering specialty programs, carry out reform and innovation[3-5].

The talent training standards, training objectives and graduates need the knowledge and core competencies required talent training programs as a guide in the context of new engineering, education reform in colleges and universities should focus on personnel training to do a new positioning.

2 Problems

Innovative student should have traits include: a strong sense of innovation, rich imagination, insight and critical thinking, face the courage and tenacity of setbacks, the necessary expertise and practical ability and other aspects. Among these traits are both elements of knowledge and ability, as well as elements of personal trait. Therefore, the growth of innovative talents is a process of all-round development. The evaluation criteria during its growth period should also fully reflect the comprehensiveness. At present, the major problems facing the cultivation of new engineering innovative talents in colleges and universities are as follows.

2.1 Lack of personality

An important prerequisite for the cultivation and growth of innovative talents is to allow the free development of their personality. To fully stimulate the students' interest and let the students' endowments and specialties be fully developed and tap the potential for innovation is the key to cultivating the important qualities of innovative talents. Although we cannot say that individuals with free personality development must be creative, they can become innovative talents.But without the free development of individuality,innovative talents cannot be born.

2.2 Lack of advanced teaching philosophy and teaching methods

In traditional classroom teaching, the communication between teachers and students is one-way, and there is a lack of diversification between teachers and students. The traditional teaching methods cannot arouse students' interest in active learning. The students' attention stays on the paper's understanding of knowledge points and exams that should be dealt with,and cannot lead to students' innovative spirit.

2.3 Lack of scientif c evaluation criteria

At present, the evaluation system based on examination-oriented education in domestic colleges and even the entire education system belongs to the terminal evaluation. A typical test of lifetime, not only can not fully reflect the development process of students, but also can not reflect the personal character of the objective judgments. The guiding role of such evaluation standards, to a considerable extent, leads students to the mistaken ideas of patronizations,instrumentalization and compliance. The free development of students' independent personality is also restricted by various rules and regulations.

3 Perform and Explorations

3.1 Constructing a scientif c talents cultivation teaching system

The new engineering needs to set up the concept of innovative, integrated and full-cycle engineering education. It is necessary for colleges and universities to relax the restriction of the current teaching system on the learning time and learning style of students. Elastic credit education mechanism with the elective system as the core can enhance the comprehensiveness of higher education, flexibly.

Under this system, undergraduates participate in competitions at all levels, the foundations for innovation and entrepreneurship has corresponding basic credits, and those who have outstanding achievements get more credits. Such credits can substitute for some theoretical teaching credits. This requires professional teachers to teach students in accordance with their aptitude, in close connection with the characteristics of college students, hobbies and other characteristics, to guide students to develop their own abilities and expertise to fully mobilize students to participate in all levels of competition, innovation and entrepreneurship initiative and initiative to master the appropriate practical skills. The implementation of the flexible credit system is conducive to the establishment of a new engineering personnel training system that combines professional education with innovation and entrepreneurship education.

Colleges and universities should be in line with their own reality, combined with flexible credit system,and gradually gradual improvement of the curriculum structure of school curriculum innovation and entrepreneurship education. Colleges and universities through the theory of entrepreneurship education, and initially cultivate students' professional basic theory,practical knowledge and the necessary knowledge of innovation and entrepreneurship; the other hand,colleges and universities through the practice of innovative entrepreneurship credits to build a new course of study with the background of matching teaching and practice innovation and entrepreneurship practice training system, training students to develop innovative ability and level. This requires that colleges and universities, in light of their own professional characteristics, combine the local economy and the current situation of industrial development with the preparation of innovative teaching materials suitable for schools, students, regions and industries, and provide corresponding materials support for the new engineering personnel training system.

Follow the trend of science and technology, and focus on technology development trend in time,constantly update the teaching contents. In view of the training target, enterprise requirements and research direction, the teaching content should be appropriately chosen, or reduced, be more targeted and specific.Concise teaching content help students be more targeted and devote limited energy into scientific research related field. Actively learn the domestic and foreign well-known university curriculum system,reference MIT, Carnegie Mellon University and other well-known related curriculum, dynamic update teaching content; introduce related research subject about big data, improve students' interest in data mining and analysis. Due to the innovative curriculum design,students are greatly improved both in the learning interest and learning motivation with significant effect.

3.2 Constructing a scientif c practice teaching model

Traditional teaching methods are based on the teacher's teaching and students single output, unable to provide opportunity for students to think by themselves, and is not conducive to the cultivation of students' innovative ability. It should adopt international advanced teaching philosophy like CDIO and develop the ultimate goal of the ability of students throughout the course. What's more, they can improve students' technical knowledge,reasoning ability, open innovative thinking and guide the student to find fun in learning and improve selflearning ability. By encouraging students to learn independently and to challenge bravely, they can strengthen the ability of students to discover and understand problems, as well as the ability to participate in the analysis of problems and to solve problems. In view of training the students' research ability, the key cultivation methods of individual attributes such as individual innovation spirit, cooperative ability and altruistic dedication spirit are adopting the way of participating in the team project. In the whole teaching process, it adopts CDIO idea and other teaching methods. What’s more, by the interlocking cultivation of theory, practice, quality and project practice, step by step, the scientific procedure of programming training is formed. According to the scientific procedure,combining the learning of the curriculum theories with practice organically has received the good teaching effect on the cultivation of self-learning, innovation and practical ability.

Under the background of new economy and new industries, the construction and development of new engineering disciplines need to establish the concept of full-cycle engineering education and achieve the shaping of advanced applied-type entrepreneurship through comprehensive utilization of various practical teaching methods and approaches in the process of personnel training. Classroom teaching is the main front for students' learning. Under the background of new engineering, combining classroom teaching with practice teaching and increasing the proportion of practice in classroom is an extremely important development direction of classroom teaching reform.According to the college undergraduate professional training program, according to the basic law of personnel training, set up a considerable proportion of general education curriculum platform, basic curriculum platform, professional curriculum platform and quality education curriculum module in the school's "platform + module" curriculum system Class hours of practice. In the classroom teaching to strengthen the theory of teaching at the same time strengthen the practice of classroom teaching students to practice teaching in the context of the classroom to train students in engineering practice has a very clear and guiding role.

In order to improve the ability of students to learn actively and think independently, we could arrange the curriculum content to students in the way of exercising to provide them with creative learning atmosphere and conditions. Every course provides students with some certain depth of after-school programs without the standard answer and teachers provide some help for students with idea and technical guidance, and then the students complete the project independently after class.Through the mobilization of students’ participation and autonomous learning, we can guide students to take the initiative to explore nature of the problem. And by the cognitive methods such as analysis, comparison and synthesis, we can get the conclusion and acquire genuine knowledge. At the same time, in the process of learning to accumulate knowledge, students can be trained. Specific to the project topics of technical programs and algorithms, teachers should guide students to overlook the progress in the research field,to understand the research hotspots, to clear research status and common methods. At the same time, students should analyze, compare, demonstrate the status quo in the problem and the advantages and disadvantages of the common methods, and then find out the ideas and methods to solve these problems; Problem finding ability, association and imagination ability and thinking transformation ability are important parts of cultivating innovative thinking in the education. On the basis of focusing on academic forefront, the teachers need to pay more attention to understanding the cognitive structure of students and looking for the appreciate point to put forward problems as well as expanding teaching. Through the development of various types of projects, we can improve students' independent learning ability, cultivate the spirit of the courage to challenge themselves, as well as the use of creative methods to analyze and solve the problems.

3.3 Constructing a training mode of schoolenterprise cooperation

Colleges and universities are mostly serving the regional economy and the industrial economy and have certain local characteristics. They should make full use of local resources and grasp the trends of the industry so as to cultivate practical, innovative and entrepreneurial talents who support the regional economic development and industrial restructuring and upgrading. Colleges and universities should focus on new engineering undergraduate whose talents should have the quality and ability requirements, through the integration of industry and education, school-enterprise cooperation, so that enterprises can participate in the process of professional training programs can improve, you can also mention the program directly to enterprises, colleges and universities to make changes or universities proposed programs, schoolowned enterprises to modify and improve various forms of colleges and universities to achieve the goal of personnel training, syllabus, curriculum reform and innovation of specific teaching content to achieve the graduation students can quickly adapt to industry and business requirements so that college personnel training and social needs to achieve plug and play, seamless docking purposes. Through full use of the schoolenterprise cooperation platform, and full investigation of the relevant local industry information, the formation of its own distinct characteristics of the professional and disciplines to promote the cultivation of new engineering talents established.

To strengthen the cooperation between schools and enterprises, to create a collaborative engineering education community based on the joint training programs and objectives set by school-enterprise cooperation, and to cultivate university faculty members with business backgrounds in collaboration with universities and colleges to build engineering background theories and experimental courses and establish a background of excellent engineers laboratory and training internship base to further strengthen the training of university personnel, the regional economy and the industry economy demand for the close combination of the formation of a win-win schoolenterprise innovation and entrepreneurship training mode, colleges and enterprises to build business platform for entrepreneurship, businesses provide students with practice and innovative activities to provide environmental protection practice, production and research projects to improve the engineering skills of teachers and the quality of teaching in colleges and universities, colleges and universities to provide technology, knowledge and other all-round support to improve their research and development and core competitiveness, to achieve win-win cooperation.

3.4 Constructing a scientific assessment incentive mechanism

New curriculum assessment methods tend to evaluate the students' learning process. Learning process evaluation refers to that evaluate students' learning process and effect after collecting and processing information about the learning process scientifically according to some principles. Not only mastery of knowledge but also the way of thinking, the method to solve the problem, whether to have innovative spirit and high comprehensive quality should be evaluated;focus on the understanding and analysing the problems,the using of methods, the process involved in the cooperation and communication, and considering degree of resources and social problems. Considering students' performance at various stages in the whole learning process, corresponding suggestions should be put forward according to their performance to help them improve learning process, stimulate learning attitude and improve learning effect. On the one hand,learning process evaluation can be used to restrain students in real time to guarantee the students’ learning effect. On the other hand, it also allows students to discover their potential as well as the problems existing in studying. Apart from learning process, the quality of learning outcome is another object of assessment at the same time. Learning quality evaluation is an assessment that in accordance with the established criterion, evaluating students’ learning about the time,completeness, integrity and other index. The practice indicates that the new curriculum assessment can be more scientific and accurate to evaluate students; it changes the disadvantages of test determining results,as well as supervises in real time and puts forward improvement opinions for students in the learning process.

Schools should focus on the national new engineering development strategy, combined with the regional economy and industrial development, comprehensive and systematic management of innovation and entrepreneurship education, clear schools, secondary institutions and departments in the innovation and entrepreneurship education system in their respective areas of responsibility, and innovation and entrepreneurship education effectiveness.It is included in the performance evaluation contents of departments and agencies of secondary schools and colleges,adding indicators of innovation and entrepreneurship education, improving policies of support for innovation and entrepreneurship, implementing special funds for innovation and entrepreneurship among students,winning outstanding achievements in participating in various types of innovation and entrepreneurship activities, winning students in competitions appropriate credits will be given to form a perfect and systematic assessment and incentive mechanism for innovation and entrepreneurship education. The evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship education will be conducted in a down-to-earth manner. Appropriate incentives will be given to those who guide students in making outstanding contributions to innovation and entrepreneurship activities. Correspondingly, policy tilt, the formation of the school department offices, faculties work together,all the faculty and students to actively participate in the daily work and assessment incentive mechanism.

4 Performance

The ultimate goal of teaching reform in Software College of Northeastern University is to provide highquality software talents to the country. Therefore, the undergraduate employment rate is one of the important indicators reflecting the achievements of personnel training.

Table 1 performance of employment rate.

According to Table 1, the employment rate of students has steadily increased. Software College promotes innovative new engineering personnel training and obtains good results.

5 Conclusion

By constructing scientific talents cultivation teaching system and scientific practice teaching model, and using a training mode of school-enterprise cooperation and scientific assessment incentive mechanism,Software College of Northeastern University has significantly increased the rate of enrollment in all majors.