摘 要:如何利用黃土地貌的DEM數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行地形素描的繪制是本文要解決的問(wèn)題。不同于傳統(tǒng)的基于視覺(jué)輪廓線的地形素描方法,我們采取了基于地形特征線要素提取的方法,能夠更好地描繪地形細(xì)節(jié)。我們已經(jīng)解決了一些地形特征線的提取問(wèn)題,包括切溝、溝道,溝沿線和塬邊線。我們用了很多方法來(lái)解決我們面臨的問(wèn)題,包括迭代挖掘法解決平行河網(wǎng)現(xiàn)象,利用正負(fù)地形提取溝沿線等。經(jīng)過(guò)努力,我們已經(jīng)能夠完成基于DEM數(shù)據(jù)的地形特征線提取,最終生成對(duì)應(yīng)DEM數(shù)據(jù)的地形素描結(jié)果。
關(guān)鍵詞:地形素描;黃土地貌;地形特征要素提取;數(shù)字高程模型
中圖分類號(hào):TP391.41 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):2096-4706(2018)12-0005-05
Sketch Study of Loess Topography Based on Terrain Feature Line Extraction
ZHANG Jinsong,F(xiàn)ANG Zheng,ZHAO Fei,CUI Hang
(Honors College,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)
Abstract:How to use the DEM data of loess landform to draw the terrain sketch is the problem to be solved in this paper. Different from the traditional terrain sketching method based on visual contour lines,we adopt the terrain feature line elements extraction method,which can better describe the terrain details. We have solved a number of topographic features extraction problems,including ditches, ditches along the line and the edge of the plateau. We have used a lot of methods to solve the problems we are facing,including the iterative mining method to solve the parallel river network phenomenon,using positive and negative terrain to extract the ditch line and so on. After efforts,we have been able to complete the extraction of terrain feature lines based on DEM data,and finally generate the terrain sketch results corresponding to DEM data.
Keywords:terrain sketch;loess landform;extraction of feature elements of terrain;digital elevation model
1 背景
數(shù)字高程模型(DEM)是通過(guò)有限的地形高程數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)地面地形的數(shù)字化模擬(即地形表面形態(tài)的數(shù)字化表達(dá)),它是用一組有序數(shù)值陣列形式表示地面高程的一種實(shí)體地面模型。由于其具有高科學(xué)性,自誕生以來(lái),一直作為科學(xué)、理論數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行專業(yè)技術(shù)性研究分析,而這往往忽略了其表現(xiàn)形式上所具有的藝術(shù)性,這也導(dǎo)致了大多數(shù)人在面對(duì)高精度、大范圍的數(shù)字地形數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),在對(duì)地形認(rèn)知方面存在困難,因此對(duì)DEM表現(xiàn)形式的藝術(shù)性進(jìn)行研究顯得更加重要。
地形素描,主要是通過(guò)寫生的方式,將地理景觀作為描寫對(duì)象,反映地理景觀的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)在性質(zhì),其是研究和說(shuō)明景觀的一種科學(xué)方法。當(dāng)前地形素描的繪制主要是以視覺(jué)輪廓線為基礎(chǔ),在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)地形要素進(jìn)行提取和組合,我們將在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)繪制方法進(jìn)行思索與探討,探索出一種基于地形特征線的地形要素繪制方法。……