?衛生與健康

安徽 吳安運

★話題概述

衛生與健康是學生在日常生活中最為熟悉的話題之一。對于這類話題，寫作時無論是觀點的表達，還是事理的分析，都能有話可說。但也要注意以下兩點：

1.分析評論、例證一定要清晰，觀點鮮明，不要拖泥帶水。

2.論證手段、方法評述與英語說明文中的一些寫作手法相同，常用舉例法、因果法、比較法等等，但不要寫成以介紹健康知識為主的說明文。

從議論的角度看，衛生與健康方面的話題大致可以分為以下兩種情況：

1.分析篇

Health and diet.

Should we get up early?

Smoking and health.

Ban smoking in public places.

Is doing sports helpful for health?

以上話題在寫作時，作者要判斷和分析所討論的事物或觀點的性質，要闡述其重要性、正確性、必要性或荒謬性、危害性等。

2.理由篇

Why do we do sports?

It's necessary for you to exercise.

We must be healthy.

Health is money.

Have a healthy body，you will have all.

以上話題在寫作時，作者應對這些話題進行緣由闡述，并做到有理有據，以理服人。

★寫作模板

模板1：

第一段：引言，綜述現象，引出話題。例如：However，bad eating habits...All these bad habits will...

第二段：議論主體，分析原因或提出建議。例如：To keep fit，we should...We'd better have...

第三段：結論，闡明觀點，總結論證。例如：In my opinion，we should...

模板2：

Firstly，__________.We should __________.As a proverb says，__________________.So fruit is_______________.Meanwhile，sweets should be___________________________________________.

★高頻詞語

keep fit/stay healthy保持健康，be in good health身體健康，live healthily健康地生活，a healthy lifestyle一種健康的生活方式，smoking吸煙，do morning exercises做早操，get ill生病，be weak虛弱，early rise早起，get old衰老，exercise a lot多鍛煉，be good for health對身體有好處，be harmful to...對……有害，a good habit of sleeping好的睡眠習慣，eat and drink too much暴飲暴食

★經典句型

1.We often say health is happiness.我們經常說健康就是幸福。

2.If you play sports more，you must feel like eat－ing well，then you can be healthier!多運動，胃口好，然后身體會更棒!

3.To keep fit，there are at least three things we can do every day.為了保持健康，我們每天至少可以做三件事。

4.By taking exercise，we can always stay healthy.通過體育鍛煉，我們能夠始終保持健康。

5.To keep healthy，it is important for everyone to follow a balanced diet.為了保持健康，平衡飲食對每個人都很重要。

6.It is necessary to know the ways to stay healthy.知道如何保持健康是很有必要的。

7.Exercising is helpful to your body.鍛煉對你的身體有好處。

8.As a matter of fact，it is health that counts. 事實上，健康才是最重要的。

9.Smoking is dangerous，and leads to many diseases like cancer and heart disease.吸煙有害健康，并且會引發許多疾病，如癌癥和心臟病。

10.Smoking can cost you much money every year.吸煙每年都會花掉你很多錢。

11.Playing computer games not only takes much time but also does harm to health.玩電腦游戲既浪費大量時間又有害健康。

12.If you are a smoker，you should try to give up smoking little by little.如果你嗜好抽煙，應該慢慢戒掉它。

13.It is good to run every day.每天堅持跑步是有好處的。

14.Please wash your hands before you eat.飯前請洗手。

15.There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.毫無疑問，近視在我國的年輕人中是一個嚴重的問題。

★題例解讀

健康是幸福生活的基石。尤其是青少年的健康，更加受到家庭、學校乃至全社會的關注。假如你是你們學校的健康達人，應校英語俱樂部的邀請，你將給全體成員做一個“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”的報告。請參考下面的提示，完成報告。

具體要求：

1.80詞左右。開頭與結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

2.所給提示僅供參考，需適當發揮。

提示詞語：a balanced diet，enough exercise，be happy

Dear friends，

It's a great honor to speak here.My topic is“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”.

Thanks for listening.

【題目解讀】

1.審題立意

此作文屬于應用文范疇的報告。該報告的寫作目的是介紹健康的重要性，以及保持健康的秘訣。它是半開放性的文章，只要我們把平時發生在自己身上的生活經歷加以提煉概括，精心組織語言，巧妙運用高級詞句就能完成一篇理想的佳作。

2.信息要點

健康的重要性、保持健康的秘訣和恰當的總結。

3.謀篇布局

第一部分：引出話題——健康的重要性。

第二部分：完善話題——如何保持健康。

第三部分：表達愿望——健康生活。

4.注意事項

①本文要以一般現在時態為主。

②要有恰當的連接詞與過渡詞，使文章富有條理性和邏輯性。

③語言風格要符合報告的要求。

【佳作賞析】

Dear friends，

It's a great honor to speak here.My topic is“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”.① As a wise man puts it，a happy life is based on good health.As a result，health ②is of great importance to us.Every one of us has to show concern about good health.Then what can we do to keep fit?

In my opinion，a balanced diet is to us what water is to fish.③Those who hardly eat vegetables and fruits should make a decision to overcome the bad habits.④When eating healthy food，you will be full of energy.Besides，we should do enough exercise，like walking and jogging.Believe it or not，if you keep on exercising regularly，⑤it won't be long before you succeed in keeping healthy.Last but not least，we ought to keep a good mood every day.

I do hope that you can meet with my advice，and live a happy and healthy life from now on.

Thanks for listening.

亮點分析：報告中首先強調了健康的重要意義，然后從三個方面闡述如何保持健康，完全覆蓋了寫作要點。語言地道，符合英美習慣。

高級詞匯和句型的運用，凸顯了作者扎實的語言運用能力。過渡詞的巧妙使用，使文章銜接緊湊，渾然一體。

①As a wise man puts it這個句型運用得合理、恰當，具有說服力。

②be of great importance是文章的亮點，比be very important更能得到印象分。

③who引導的限制性定語從句，顯示出作者對高級句型的掌控能力。

④現在分詞作狀語，有時為了強調可在之前加連詞，以顯示作者深厚的語法功底。

⑤it won't be long before...該句型的運用，增加了文章的得分點，同時succeed in doing...（成功做……），強調鍛煉帶來的實際效果，非常鮮明與傳神。

【參考范文】Dear friends，

It's a great honor to speak here.My topic is“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”.

I'm so glad you care about health like me.Good health may bring us a long happy life，good work and even better grades.Keeping healthy is really important.

As for the secrets of keeping healthy，I think different people have different answers.In my opinion，having a healthy lifestyle is the most important.First，it's helpful to have enough sleep and a balanced diet.Breakfast is the top meal of the day，so we can't miss it.At the same time，find a physical activity you enjoy and keep on doing it.I have kept playing ping-pong for seven years and I really enjoy doing that.Also，everyone should develop a sense of humour and always be a happy person.

I hope you look after your health from now on and live a happy and healthy life forever.

Thanks for listening.

★實戰演練

中學生的行為習慣直接影響著他們的健康成長。下周的英語課上，老師打算讓同學們介紹個人的行為習慣。請根據下表提示，準備一篇英語發言稿。

要求：

1.短文須包含要點提示中的所有信息（不要逐字翻譯），并可適當發揮；

2.詞數80左右（開頭不計入總詞數）。

Good morning，everyone!

I'm glad to be here to talk about my habits.

That's all.Thanks for listening!