Harvard University

江蘇豐縣中學 毛 婷

Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge,Massachusetts,USA.It was established in 1636 and named after the young minister John Harvard,its first benefactor （捐助者）.Harvard is a member of the Ivy League（常春藤聯盟）.Its history,influence and wealth have made it one of the most prestigious（有聲望的）universities in the world.

Harvard is on the Charles River.On the other side of the Charles River is the city of Boston.Boston’s subway system has a stop at Harvard.Some of Harvard’s graduate schools are in Boston,but most of Harvard’s schools are in Cambridge.Together,these schools are Harvard University.

Established originally by the Massachusetts legislature（立法機關）,Harvard is the United States’oldest institution of higher learning.The early College primarily trained clergymen（神職人員）.By the 19th century,Harvard had emerged as the central cultural establishment among Boston elites.Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.After World WarⅡ,Harvard began to reform the curriculum （課程）and liberalize admissions.The undergraduate college became coeducational after its 1977 merger（合并）with Radcliffe College.

Harvard is a large research university.It is organized into eleven separate academic units—ten faculties and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.The cost of attendance is high,but the University offers generous financial aids.It operates several arts,cultural,and scientific museums,alongside the world’s largest library system,comprising 79 individual libraries with over 18 million volumes.

Harvard’s alumni（畢業生）include eight US presidents,several foreign heads of state,62 living billionaires.To date,Harvard has had some 130 Nobel winners.

譯文助讀

哈佛大學是一所私立大學，位于美國馬薩諸塞州劍橋鎮。哈佛大學創建于1636年，以它的第一個捐助者——年輕的牧師約翰·哈佛的名字命名。哈佛大學是常春藤聯盟的成員。它的歷史、影響力和財富使之成為世界上最負盛名的大學之一。

哈佛大學位于查爾斯河畔。查爾斯河的另一邊是波士頓市。波士頓地鐵系統在哈佛大學有一個地鐵站。哈佛大學的一些研究生院設在波士頓，但哈佛大學的大部分學院設在劍橋，這些學院合在一起就是哈佛大學。

最初由馬薩諸塞州立法機構建立的哈佛大學是美國最古老的高等學府。早期的學院主要培養神職人員。到了19世紀，哈佛大學已成為波士頓精英的核心文化機構。1900年，哈佛大學成為美國大學協會的創始成員之一。第二次世界大戰后，哈佛大學開始課程改革并放寬招生。1977年與拉德克利夫學院合并后，本科院校成為男女同校。

哈佛大學是一所大型的研究型大學。它分為11個獨立的學術單位——10個院系和拉德克利夫高等研究院。哈佛大學的學費很高，但這所大學提供慷慨的就學資助。哈佛大學經營著幾家藝術、文化和科學博物館，同時擁有世界上最大的圖書館系統，包括79個圖書館，藏書超過1，800萬冊。

哈佛大學的校友中有8位美國總統、一些外國國家元首、62個健在的億萬富翁。時至今日，哈佛大學擁有大約130位諾貝爾獎得主。