The Development of Animal Husbandry in Australia And Its Reference for China

【Abstract】Both China and Australia are great agricultural countries and both values animal husbandry. The animal husbandry of Australia is developed due to unique development model. This present paper studies the advantageous conditions， current situation， and development characteristics of Australian animal husbandry as well as problems existing in Chinese animal husbandry and focuses on the methods adopted by Australia so as to provide reference for Chinese animal husbandry.

【Key Words】Australia； animal husbandry； China； reference

【作者簡介】楊露，西華大學外國語學院。

1. Introduction

Both China and Australia values animal husbandry. Australia has a special way of developing animal husbandry and has gained great success， while for China， there are still some problems. This paper studies the general situation of Australian animal husbandry and lists out its characteristics， and then describes the problems of Chinese animal husbandry and at last comes to a conclusion that China should learn from Australia so as to better develop.

2.The Development of Animal Husbandry in Australia

2.1 The Advantageous Conditions for the Development of Animal Husbandry in Australia

Australian animal husbandry is well developed for that there are several advantageous conditions for its development.①Australia is the flattest continent in the world， which is very favorable for developing animal husbandry. ②The grass is lush and of excellent quality. Besides， there are plenty of artificially sown pastures. ③There are many artesian wells providing drinking water for livestock.④Australia is sparsely populated， which means that the rents of land are low.⑤The government introduces relevant policies to support animal husbandry.⑥The convenient transportation promotes the export of products.

2.2 The Current Situation of Animal Husbandry in Australia

At present， Australia's animal husbandry is undergoing a transitional phase from a traditional single-animal husbandry to a more flexible combination of animal husbandry and planting industry.

2.3 The Development Characteristics of Animal Husbandry in Australia

The remarkable success of Australias animal husbandry is linked to its unique development characteristics.①It values the protection of natural pastures and adopts rotation grazing to give the vegetation enough restoration time.②It constructs artificially sown pastures and cultivates succulent forage grass. ③It makes rational use of water resources. Bushes or trees are planted around most of the water sources and fences are put on nearby so as to prevent animal from trampling and polluting water. At the same time， it builds reservoirs to store rainwater.④It attaches great importance to the thrust of scientific research on animal husbandry.⑤Its animal husbandry is highly mechanized.⑥Education， research and promotion are closely linked while studying scientific way of development.⑦It focuses on the prevention and control of livestock diseases， ensuring health and reducing mortality rate of livestock.⑧Its government formulates and improves laws and regulations to further develop animal husbandry.

3. Problems in the Development of Animal Husbandry in China

For Chinese animal husbandry， there are still several problems.①The grassland degrades and the ecological environment worsens.②Livestock is vulnerable to disease and the rate of mortality is high.③Family ranches are mostly small and medium-sized and the level of mechanization is low.④The the investment in science and technology on animal husbandry is not enough.⑤The government's support for animal husbandry is insufficient and laws and regulations related to animal husbandry are inadequate.Education， technology and animal husbandry are not closely linked to promote animal husbandry.

4. Reference of Australian Animal Husbandry for China

Since Australias animal husbandry is very developed， while China is still trying hard to find a more scientific way， undoubtedly， China should learn from Australia.

5. Conclusion

Australian animal husbandry is very developed， while Chinese animal husbandry is facing some problems. Thus， China should learn from Australia in several aspects so that Chinese animal husbandry can make progress.

Reference：

[1] 閆旭文，南志標，唐增.澳大利亞畜牧業發展及其對我國的啟示[J].草業科學，2012，29（03）：482-487.