五大改變世界的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)“第一”

The Internet has made the world a smaller place， with a far reaching influence thats altered the way we view cats and laugh at kids whacked out on drugs after a trip to the dentist. But apart from giving us easier ways to cackle at dumb things， its also put more information at our fingertips than any invention in the history of mankind.

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓世界變得越來越小，它的影響深遠(yuǎn)，改變了我們對喵星人的認(rèn)識，也改變了我們拿小孩子逗樂的方式，比如網(wǎng)上那些關(guān)于看完牙醫(yī)后被藥物搞得筋疲力盡的孩子的視頻。但是，除了能讓我們更方便地對這些蠢事咯咯發(fā)笑，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)還讓我們輕而易舉地獲得了大量信息，這是人類歷史上任何其他發(fā)明都無可比擬的。

1. First Picture

1. 第一幅圖片

The very first picture ever uploaded to the World Wide Web was a picture of the all-girl group Les Horrible Cernettes. The group was made up of administrative assistants and partners of researchers at the European Organization for Nuclear Research （CERN）. Silvano de Gennaro， the groups manager， took the picture backstage at a music festival that was hosted annually by CERN. He photoshopped it and saved it as a .gif file.

第一幅上傳到萬維網(wǎng)的圖片是一張女子樂隊(duì)“CERN女郎”的照片。這個(gè)組合由來自歐洲核子研究組織的行政助理與研究人員組成。CERN每年會主辦一次音樂節(jié)，樂隊(duì)經(jīng)理席爾瓦諾·詹納羅在一次音樂節(jié)的后臺拍下了這張照片，他將圖片處理后保存為.gif格式的文件。

Silvano de Gennaro worked at CERN near Tim Berners-Lee， inventor of the World Wide Web， who uploaded the picture on July 18，1992 to show the heads at CERN that rather than just being a way for scientists to communicate， the Internet could also be fun.

詹納羅是萬維網(wǎng)之父蒂母·博納斯-李在CERN的同事。博納斯-李在1992年7月18日上傳了這張照片，目的就是想向CERN的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們證明，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)不僅是科學(xué)家之間的交流工具，它也可以很有趣。

2. First Email

2. 第一封電子郵件

Email got its start in the early 1960s， when researchers would leave messages in a mailbox for their colleagues， who could only access the notes on the same terminal. Computer-to-computer email got its start in 1968， when Bolt Beranek and Newman （BBN） was hired by the United States Defense Department to work on ARPANET， the precursor to the Internet. In July of 1971 a BNN employee named Ray Tomlinson sent the first email to the computer next to his， which read， “QWERTYIOP”. After figuring out how to send messages from computer to computer， the idea flourished into the staple of everyday life that we know now.

電子郵件出現(xiàn)于20世紀(jì)60年代，研究人員會在郵箱里給同事留言，但對方只能在同一個(gè)終端才能接收到這些信息。計(jì)算機(jī)對計(jì)算機(jī)的郵件最早出現(xiàn)在1968年，當(dāng)時(shí)BBN科技公司受聘為美國國防部研究阿帕網(wǎng)，即因特網(wǎng)的前身。1971年7月，一位名叫雷·湯姆林森的BNN員工向他身邊的電腦寄出了第一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容為“QWERTYIOP”。實(shí)現(xiàn)了機(jī)對機(jī)發(fā)送信息后，電子郵件逐漸發(fā)展成為我們現(xiàn)在所熟悉的日常必需品。

3. First YouTube Video

3. 第一個(gè)YouTube視頻

The worlds third most popular website got its start in early 2005 when it was created by PayPal employees Chad Hurley， Steve Chen， and Jawed Karim. They first registered the domain on February 14， 2005， and worked on YouTube out of a garage for a few months. On April 23， 2005， at 8：27 pm they posted the first video called Me at the Zoo. The 19-second video features Karim standing in front of elephants at the San Diego Zoo， talking about his interest in “really， really， really long trunks.” Since its launch， YouTube has become the dominant video streaming site and is synonymous with online videos. Only Facebook and Google are more popular websites， with YouTube receiving three billion visitors every day.

世界第三大熱門網(wǎng)站YouTube創(chuàng)立于2005年初，創(chuàng)始人是PayPal公司的員工查德·赫爾利、陳安之和賈偉德·卡里姆。他們在2005年2月14日首次注冊了域名，然后窩在一個(gè)車庫里為YouTube的發(fā)展奮戰(zhàn)數(shù)月。同年4月23日下午8點(diǎn)27分，他們在YouTube上發(fā)布了第一個(gè)視頻，名為《我在動物園》。在這個(gè)19秒的視頻中，卡里姆站在圣地亞哥動物園的大象前面，興致勃勃地談?wù)撝跋蟊钦娴摹⒄娴摹⒄娴暮荛L”。自創(chuàng)立以來，YouTube已經(jīng)成為視頻媒體網(wǎng)站和在線視頻的代名詞。它每天的訪問量可以達(dá)到30億，僅次于臉書和谷歌。

4. First Domain Name

4. 第一個(gè)域名

Symbolics Inc. registered the first domain name， Symbolics.com， on March 15， 1985. Symbolics Inc. grew out of MITs Artificial Intelligence lab， and was the first company to make workstation computers. They were actually so far ahead of the game that “workstation computer” wasnt even a term at that point. The company went bankrupt in the late 1980s， but the owner of the domain kept paying the dues on the website until August of 2009， when it was sold to XF.com Investments for an undisclosed price. The website is now a museum of sorts， where you can visit and learn random facts about the Internet.

Symbolics 公司在1985年3月15日注冊了第一個(gè)域名：Symbolics.com。該公司是從麻省理工學(xué)院人工智能實(shí)驗(yàn)室分拆出來的，也是首家制造工作站計(jì)算機(jī)的公司。他們在當(dāng)時(shí)的業(yè)界遙遙領(lǐng)先，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)“工作站計(jì)算機(jī)”甚至還不是一個(gè)專有名詞。公司在20世紀(jì)80年代末破產(chǎn)，但是這個(gè)域名的擁有者仍然堅(jiān)持支付網(wǎng)站費(fèi)用。直到2009年8月，該域名賣給XF.com投資公司，價(jià)格未予披露。這個(gè)網(wǎng)站現(xiàn)在類似于博物館，在那你可以隨意瀏覽并了解有關(guān)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一切。

5. First Website

5. 第一個(gè)網(wǎng)站

While Symbolics was the first domain registered， it wasnt the first website. After all， the Internet and the World Wide Web are actually two different things. In the simplest terms， the Internet is what you connect to and the Web is how you view it.

雖然Symbolics是第一個(gè)注冊的域名，但并不是第一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。畢竟因特網(wǎng)和萬維網(wǎng)實(shí)際上并非一回事。簡單來說，因特網(wǎng)是你連接到的地方，而網(wǎng)站決定你怎樣瀏覽它。

You may remember CERN from the Les Horrible Cernettes photo or maybe the Large Hadron Collider， but they also launched very first website on August 6， 1991. It was a simple page， similar to a Word document with black lettering on a white background with blue hyperlinks. It briefly described project W3， better known now as the World Wide Web.

你或許還因?yàn)槲恼麻_頭“CERN女郎”的照片或者聽過大型強(qiáng)子對撞機(jī)而對歐洲核子研究中心（CERN）有些印象，但也是他們在1991年8月6日創(chuàng)辦了第一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。這只是一個(gè)簡單的網(wǎng)頁，和白底黑字、有著藍(lán)色超鏈接的word文檔相似。簡稱W3項(xiàng)目，就是我們現(xiàn)在所熟知的萬維網(wǎng)。