美麗山區，魯南老家

文／心葉

春賞百花秋望月，夏有涼風冬有雪。在沂蒙勝境，不論何種季節，都是一幅值得細細游玩的絕美畫卷。

沂蒙山，廣義上說是中國東部的重要山脈泰沂山脈的兩個支系，指的是沂山、蒙山為地質坐標的大片山區，通俗講分為沂山和蒙山。沂山占據魯中地區，而蒙山地處魯南，向南還有沂河，它們同屬古代東夷文明的發源地之一，是古青州海岱文化的重要組成部分，也是齊魯大地的地標之一。

○層巒聳翠的岱崮地貌。圖／公茂棟The ranges of hills are covered with verdure.

近50公里連綿起伏的蒙山在古時被稱作東蒙或東山，群峰嵯峨、重巒疊翠、森林茂密、風光秀麗，以雄偉壯麗名著華夏，素有“九州之巨鎮，巍然敦大觀”之稱。細分還分為龜蒙、云蒙、彩蒙、天蒙。主峰龜蒙頂海拔1156米，秀出云表，聳翠天際，因其狀如神龜伏臥云端而得名，為山東第二高峰，與泰山遙遙相望，被譽為“岱宗之亞”；云蒙是生態旅游勝地，自古聞名，許多中國古代的帝王將相、文人墨客都曾專程來此處游玩。最著名的要數在《孟子·盡心》中記載過的“孔子登東山而小魯，登泰山而小天下”。

蒙山森林茂密，植被覆蓋率平均達90%以上，“天然氧倉”之名當之無愧。加之水系發達，山泉分布極廣，泉水甘冽，林與水相合共同構成了山東別具一格的山區景觀。千峰萬壑間，云海松濤，泉飛瀑鳴，鳥語花香……這里一年四時的美景都值得人們再三游賞：春季層巒疊翠，花潮連綿；夏季飛瀑流水，云霧飄渺；秋季漫山碧透，紅葉映照；冬季銀裝素裹，玉琢冰雕。

蒙山之北，還藏有一座山東名鎮——岱崮。岱崮地貌是中國崮型地貌最典型的區域，是繼張家界地貌、喀斯特地貌、嶂石巖地貌、丹霞地貌之后的中國第五大造型地貌。岱崮鎮更是入選中國首批11個“中國最美小鎮”。

登上崮頂，放眼望去，群崮一覽無余。氣勢磅礴的大崮，峭拔聳立的小崮，巍峨雄偉的南、北岱崮，弓騰若飛的龍須崮，造化神奇的臥龍崮，若雕若塑的石人崮，形態逼真的甕崮，惟妙惟肖的油簍崮等，群崮林立，千姿百態，若獅、若豹、若龍，形似神似，粗獷巍然，讓人慨嘆大自然造物之神奇。

○蒙陰縣城綠植環繞，有山有水。圖／公茂棟Mengyin County is surrounded by verdure, mountains and waters.

○春到蒙陰。圖／侯貞義Mengyin in Spring

據記載，5000多年以前就有先民們在沂蒙山一帶繁衍生息。鐘靈毓秀間孕育了諸如孔子弟子仲由、“算圣”劉洪、“智圣”諸葛亮、“書圣”王羲之、書法家顏真卿家族等賢圣人杰。千峰凝翠的蒙山，稀有獨特的岱崮地貌，碧波蕩漾的沂河，山水相依，城與村藏于其中，散發著濃濃的沂蒙風情。

編輯/王雪芃

Appreciate flowers in spring and the moon in autumn; enjoy cool breezes in summer and snow in winter. In the Yimeng Scenic Spot, each season is a splendid painting worth visiting.

In a broad sense, the Yimeng Mountains refer to two branches of the Tai-Yi Mountains, important mountains in East China, namely, the mountainous area with geological coordinates of Mount Yi and Mount Meng. In everyday speech,it is divided into Mount Yi and Mount Meng. Mount Yi is located in the central region of Shandong; Mount Meng is located in South Shandong, and there is the Yi River to the south. Both belonging to one of the cradles of the ancient Dongyi civilization, they not only are an important part of the Haidai culture in ancient Qingzhou, but also one of the landmarks of Shandong.

○蒙山主峰龜蒙頂。圖／劉篤龍Guimeng Peak, the main peak of Mount Meng

Mount Meng, nearly 50km long,was known as Dongmeng or Dongshan in ancient times. With towering peaks,running mountain ridges, dense forests and beautiful scenery, it is famous in China for its magnificence, and reputed as “a Huge Town and a Grand View in China”. It can be subdivided into Guimeng, Yunmeng, Caimeng and Tianmeng. The main peak Guimeng has an elevation of 1,156m, with towering beauty and verdant scenery. It looks like a turtle lying in clouds, so it got the name. As the second highest peak in Shandong, it faces Mount Tai from afar, and is reputed as the“Second Daizong (Mount Tai)”. Yumeng is an ecological tourist attraction. It has been well-known since ancient times. Many emperors, kings, generals, ministers, as well as men of letters made a special trip to Yunmeng in ancient China. The most famous one is the saying in Mencius – Jin Xing, “Confucius ascended the eastern hill, and Lu appeared to him small. He ascended Mount Tai, and all beneath the heavens appeared to him small.”

With dense forests, Mount Meng has an average vegetation coverage rate of more than 90%, and deserves the title of “Natural Oxygen Store”. In addition,it has a developed water system, as well as widely-distributed mountain springs which are sweet and clear. The forests and the water jointly constitute a unique mountain landscape in Shandong. Amid numerous peaks and valleys, there is the soughing of the wind in the pines, a sea of clouds, gurgling springs and waterfalls,twittering birds, fragrant flowers… The fi ne view all year round deserves repeated visits. In spring, there are verdant rolling ridges, and continuous flowers bloom;in summer, there are waterfalls, flowing water, as well as dimly discernible mist and clouds; in autumn, there are green peaks set off by red leaves; in winter, the whole mountain is covered with snow, and seems like a jade or ice carving.

In the north of Mount Meng, there is a famous town of Shandong – Daigu.The landform of Daigu is the most typical region of Gu-type landform in China. It is the fi fth largest landform following the Zhangjiajie landform, the karst landform,the Zhangshiyan landform and the Danxia landform. Daigu Town has even been selected as one of the 11 (first batch of)“Most Beautiful Towns of China”.

Ascending the top of Gu hill, you may take a broad view of all the other Gu hills.There is magnificent big Gu, high and steep small Gu, towering South and North Daigu, Longxu Gu, miraculous Wolong Gu, sculpture-like Shiren Gu, vivid Weng Gu, lifelike Youlou Gu, etc., which stand in different shapes, and look like lions,leopards or dragons, appearing rough yet majestic. We may wonder at these miraculous natural creations.

It is recorded that over 5,000 years ago, our ancestors lived and multiplied in the Yimeng Mountain. The beautiful region bred a number of sages and talents like Confucius’s disciple Zhong You, the“Saint of Mathematics” – Liu Hong, the“Saint of Wisdom” – Zhuge Liang, the“Saint of Calligraphy” – Wang Xizhi,calligrapher Yan Zhenqing and his family.Mount Meng with numerous green peaks,the rare and unique Daigu landform, the green rippling Yi River, interdependent hills and water, towns and villages hidden therein, Zhuquan Village, Liuqin opera…All show the charm of Yimeng.